Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy using high-dose 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin with or without interferon-α for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis

Abstract Objective. In this retrospective study, we assessed the efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) using high-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin with or without interferon (IFN)-α for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis. Material and methods. Fifty-two patients were included in the analysis. The patients were treated with 5-FU (750 mg/m2) and cisplatin (25 mg/m2) from Days 1 to 4. IFN-α was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 3 million units from Days 1 to 4, and then every other day for 24 days. Chemotherapy was repeated every 4 weeks. Thirty-one patients were treated with 5-FU, cisplatin and IFN-α (FPI group) and 21 were treated with 5-FU and cisplatin (FP group). Results. An objective tumor response was achieved in six patients (19.4%) in the FPI group. In the FP group, 12 patients (57.1%) achieved an objective tumor response (p = 0.015). The cumulative survival rate was higher in the FP group than the FPI group, but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.353). The median survival time for the 18 responders was 14 months (range 4-25 months), and their 6, 12, and 24-month cumulative survival rates were 89%, 83%, and 25%, respectively. Conclusions. HAIC using high-dose 5-FU plus cisplatin achieved a good tumor response. Adding IFN-α did not show any additional beneficial effects in terms of tumor response rate or survival.