SEROPREVALENCE OF HIV-INFECTION IN RURAL SOUTH-AFRICA
Objectives: To establish the prevalence of HIV infection in rural South Africa and to investigate demographic factors that influence this prevalence. Design: An anonymous HIV seroprevalence survey was performed in conjunction with a population-based malaria surveillance programme. Setting: The rural...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | AIDS (London) 1992-12, Vol.6 (12), p.1535-1539 |
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| creator | KARIM, QA KARIM, SSA SINGH, B SHORT, R NGXONGO, S |
| description | Objectives: To establish the prevalence of HIV infection in rural South Africa and to investigate demographic factors that influence this prevalence.
Design: An anonymous HIV seroprevalence survey was performed in conjunction with a population-based malaria surveillance programme.
Setting: The rural area of northern Natal/KwaZulu, South Africa.
Participants: A total of 5023 black African participants were recruited by malaria surveillance agents during house-to-house visits; each house in an endemic malaria area is visited approximately once every 6 weeks. Participants included 4044 healthy and 979 febrile individuals (i.e., suspected of having malaria).
Main outcome measures: HIV-1 and HIV-2 serological status, degree of mobility, age and sex.
Results: Sixty of the 5023 blood specimens were confirmed to be HIV-1-antibody-positive by Western blot, an overall prevalence of 1.2% (95% confidence interval, 0.9-1.5). None of the specimens was positive for HIV-2 antibodies. After adjusting for age, presence of fever and migrancy, women had a 3.2-fold higher prevalence of HIV-1 infection than men. HIV-1 infection was approximately three times more common among subjects who had changed their place of residence recently (2.9 versus 1.0%, P < 0.01).
Conclusions: The prevalence of HIV-1 infection is higher among women than men resident in rural Natal/KwaZulu, South Africa. This is at least in part the result of oscillatory migration, particularly of men who work in urban areas but have families and homes in rural areas. Migration is associated with a higher prevalence of HIV-1 infection, suggesting that improving social conditions so that families are not separated and become settled in their communities is one way to help reduce the spread of HIV-1. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1097/00002030-199212000-00018 |
| format | Article |
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Design: An anonymous HIV seroprevalence survey was performed in conjunction with a population-based malaria surveillance programme.
Setting: The rural area of northern Natal/KwaZulu, South Africa.
Participants: A total of 5023 black African participants were recruited by malaria surveillance agents during house-to-house visits; each house in an endemic malaria area is visited approximately once every 6 weeks. Participants included 4044 healthy and 979 febrile individuals (i.e., suspected of having malaria).
Main outcome measures: HIV-1 and HIV-2 serological status, degree of mobility, age and sex.
Results: Sixty of the 5023 blood specimens were confirmed to be HIV-1-antibody-positive by Western blot, an overall prevalence of 1.2% (95% confidence interval, 0.9-1.5). None of the specimens was positive for HIV-2 antibodies. After adjusting for age, presence of fever and migrancy, women had a 3.2-fold higher prevalence of HIV-1 infection than men. HIV-1 infection was approximately three times more common among subjects who had changed their place of residence recently (2.9 versus 1.0%, P < 0.01).
Conclusions: The prevalence of HIV-1 infection is higher among women than men resident in rural Natal/KwaZulu, South Africa. This is at least in part the result of oscillatory migration, particularly of men who work in urban areas but have families and homes in rural areas. Migration is associated with a higher prevalence of HIV-1 infection, suggesting that improving social conditions so that families are not separated and become settled in their communities is one way to help reduce the spread of HIV-1.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0269-9370</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1473-5571</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199212000-00018</identifier><identifier>PMID: 1492937</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>LONDON: Rapid Science Publishers</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; AIDS/HIV ; Biological and medical sciences ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Ethics Committees ; Female ; HIV Antibodies - blood ; HIV Seroprevalence ; HIV-1 ; HIV-2 ; human immunodeficiency virus ; Humans ; Immunodeficiencies ; Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies ; Immunology ; Immunopathology ; Infectious Diseases ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; Malaria - epidemiology ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Population ; Population Dynamics ; Rural Population ; Science & Technology ; Sex Factors ; South Africa - epidemiology ; Virology</subject><ispartof>AIDS (London), 1992-12, Vol.6 (12), p.1535-1539</ispartof><rights>1993 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>true</woscitedreferencessubscribed><woscitedreferencescount>94</woscitedreferencescount><woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid>wosA1992KE28200018</woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-5e9b5df577d12d8e6c9dcaa4b7a7467139d11823659486717bf213924c19d9173</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,27197,27929,27930</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=4449050$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1492937$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>KARIM, QA</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KARIM, SSA</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SINGH, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SHORT, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NGXONGO, S</creatorcontrib><title>SEROPREVALENCE OF HIV-INFECTION IN RURAL SOUTH-AFRICA</title><title>AIDS (London)</title><addtitle>AIDS</addtitle><addtitle>AIDS</addtitle><description>Objectives: To establish the prevalence of HIV infection in rural South Africa and to investigate demographic factors that influence this prevalence.
Design: An anonymous HIV seroprevalence survey was performed in conjunction with a population-based malaria surveillance programme.
Setting: The rural area of northern Natal/KwaZulu, South Africa.
Participants: A total of 5023 black African participants were recruited by malaria surveillance agents during house-to-house visits; each house in an endemic malaria area is visited approximately once every 6 weeks. Participants included 4044 healthy and 979 febrile individuals (i.e., suspected of having malaria).
Main outcome measures: HIV-1 and HIV-2 serological status, degree of mobility, age and sex.
Results: Sixty of the 5023 blood specimens were confirmed to be HIV-1-antibody-positive by Western blot, an overall prevalence of 1.2% (95% confidence interval, 0.9-1.5). None of the specimens was positive for HIV-2 antibodies. After adjusting for age, presence of fever and migrancy, women had a 3.2-fold higher prevalence of HIV-1 infection than men. HIV-1 infection was approximately three times more common among subjects who had changed their place of residence recently (2.9 versus 1.0%, P < 0.01).
Conclusions: The prevalence of HIV-1 infection is higher among women than men resident in rural Natal/KwaZulu, South Africa. This is at least in part the result of oscillatory migration, particularly of men who work in urban areas but have families and homes in rural areas. Migration is associated with a higher prevalence of HIV-1 infection, suggesting that improving social conditions so that families are not separated and become settled in their communities is one way to help reduce the spread of HIV-1.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>AIDS/HIV</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Ethics Committees</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>HIV Antibodies - blood</subject><subject>HIV Seroprevalence</subject><subject>HIV-1</subject><subject>HIV-2</subject><subject>human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunodeficiencies</subject><subject>Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies</subject><subject>Immunology</subject><subject>Immunopathology</subject><subject>Infectious Diseases</subject><subject>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</subject><subject>Malaria - epidemiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Population Dynamics</subject><subject>Rural Population</subject><subject>Science & Technology</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>South Africa - epidemiology</subject><subject>Virology</subject><issn>0269-9370</issn><issn>1473-5571</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1992</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EZCTM</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkFFr2zAUhUVZ6bJ0P6Hgh7GXolZXlizp0RhnMQ1xcZO-GlmWwSOxM8tm7N9XbbLkcRMIce895x7xIRQAeQCixCPxh5KQYFCKAvUV9hfkFZoBEyHmXMAnNCM0UliFgnxGX5z76SWcSHmDboAp6vszxF_SIn8u0td4la6TNMgXwTJ7xdl6kSabLF8H2TootkW8Cl7y7WaJ40WRJfEtum70ztmvp3eOtot0kyzxKv_hxytsfOaIuVUVrxsuRA20ljYyqjZas0powSIBoaoBJA0jrpj0taga6puUGVC1AhHO0ffj3sPQ_5qsG8t964zd7XRn-8mVImScR0z9UwgRAyk8sTmSR6EZeucG25SHod3r4U8JpHxHW_5FW57Rlh9ovfXulDFVe1tfjEeWfv7tNNfO6F0z6M607ixjjCmP__KD37bqG2da2xl7VsXvqU8plfQjNGlHPbZ9l_RTN3rr_f9bwze7yJoN</recordid><startdate>19921201</startdate><enddate>19921201</enddate><creator>KARIM, QA</creator><creator>KARIM, SSA</creator><creator>SINGH, B</creator><creator>SHORT, R</creator><creator>NGXONGO, S</creator><general>Rapid Science Publishers</general><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</general><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>EZCTM</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19921201</creationdate><title>SEROPREVALENCE OF HIV-INFECTION IN RURAL SOUTH-AFRICA</title><author>KARIM, QA ; KARIM, SSA ; SINGH, B ; SHORT, R ; NGXONGO, S</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-5e9b5df577d12d8e6c9dcaa4b7a7467139d11823659486717bf213924c19d9173</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1992</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>AIDS/HIV</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Ethics Committees</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>HIV Antibodies - blood</topic><topic>HIV Seroprevalence</topic><topic>HIV-1</topic><topic>HIV-2</topic><topic>human immunodeficiency virus</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunodeficiencies</topic><topic>Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies</topic><topic>Immunology</topic><topic>Immunopathology</topic><topic>Infectious Diseases</topic><topic>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</topic><topic>Malaria - epidemiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Population</topic><topic>Population Dynamics</topic><topic>Rural Population</topic><topic>Science & Technology</topic><topic>Sex Factors</topic><topic>South Africa - epidemiology</topic><topic>Virology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>KARIM, QA</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KARIM, SSA</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SINGH, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SHORT, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NGXONGO, S</creatorcontrib><collection>Web of Science Core Collection</collection><collection>Science Citation Index Expanded</collection><collection>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 1992</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>AIDS (London)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>KARIM, QA</au><au>KARIM, SSA</au><au>SINGH, B</au><au>SHORT, R</au><au>NGXONGO, S</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>SEROPREVALENCE OF HIV-INFECTION IN RURAL SOUTH-AFRICA</atitle><jtitle>AIDS (London)</jtitle><stitle>AIDS</stitle><addtitle>AIDS</addtitle><date>1992-12-01</date><risdate>1992</risdate><volume>6</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>1535</spage><epage>1539</epage><pages>1535-1539</pages><issn>0269-9370</issn><eissn>1473-5571</eissn><abstract>Objectives: To establish the prevalence of HIV infection in rural South Africa and to investigate demographic factors that influence this prevalence.
Design: An anonymous HIV seroprevalence survey was performed in conjunction with a population-based malaria surveillance programme.
Setting: The rural area of northern Natal/KwaZulu, South Africa.
Participants: A total of 5023 black African participants were recruited by malaria surveillance agents during house-to-house visits; each house in an endemic malaria area is visited approximately once every 6 weeks. Participants included 4044 healthy and 979 febrile individuals (i.e., suspected of having malaria).
Main outcome measures: HIV-1 and HIV-2 serological status, degree of mobility, age and sex.
Results: Sixty of the 5023 blood specimens were confirmed to be HIV-1-antibody-positive by Western blot, an overall prevalence of 1.2% (95% confidence interval, 0.9-1.5). None of the specimens was positive for HIV-2 antibodies. After adjusting for age, presence of fever and migrancy, women had a 3.2-fold higher prevalence of HIV-1 infection than men. HIV-1 infection was approximately three times more common among subjects who had changed their place of residence recently (2.9 versus 1.0%, P < 0.01).
Conclusions: The prevalence of HIV-1 infection is higher among women than men resident in rural Natal/KwaZulu, South Africa. This is at least in part the result of oscillatory migration, particularly of men who work in urban areas but have families and homes in rural areas. Migration is associated with a higher prevalence of HIV-1 infection, suggesting that improving social conditions so that families are not separated and become settled in their communities is one way to help reduce the spread of HIV-1.</abstract><cop>LONDON</cop><pub>Rapid Science Publishers</pub><pmid>1492937</pmid><doi>10.1097/00002030-199212000-00018</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0269-9370 |
| ispartof | AIDS (London), 1992-12, Vol.6 (12), p.1535-1539 |
| issn | 0269-9370 1473-5571 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmed_primary_1492937 |
| source | Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 1992<img src="https://exlibris-pub.s3.amazonaws.com/fromwos-v2.jpg" />; MEDLINE; Journals@Ovid Ovid Autoload |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Age Factors AIDS/HIV Biological and medical sciences Child Cross-Sectional Studies Ethics Committees Female HIV Antibodies - blood HIV Seroprevalence HIV-1 HIV-2 human immunodeficiency virus Humans Immunodeficiencies Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies Immunology Immunopathology Infectious Diseases Life Sciences & Biomedicine Malaria - epidemiology Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Population Population Dynamics Rural Population Science & Technology Sex Factors South Africa - epidemiology Virology |
| title | SEROPREVALENCE OF HIV-INFECTION IN RURAL SOUTH-AFRICA |
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