Cardiac atrophy after bed rest and spaceflight
Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas and Department of Internal Medicine and Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75231 Cardiac muscle adapts well to changes in loading conditions. For example, left ventricu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of applied physiology (1985) 2001-08, Vol.91 (2), p.645-653 |
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| creator | Perhonen, Merja A Franco, Fatima Lane, Lynda D Buckey, Jay C Blomqvist, C. Gunnar Zerwekh, Joseph E Peshock, Ronald M Weatherall, Paul T Levine, Benjamin D |
| description | Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Presbyterian
Hospital of Dallas and Department of Internal Medicine and
Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at
Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75231
Cardiac
muscle adapts well to changes in loading conditions. For example, left
ventricular (LV) hypertrophy may be induced physiologically (via
exercise training) or pathologically (via hypertension or valvular
heart disease). If hypertension is treated, LV hypertrophy regresses,
suggesting a sensitivity to LV work. However, whether physical
inactivity in nonathletic populations causes adaptive changes in LV
mass or even frank atrophy is not clear. We exposed previously
sedentary men to 6 ( n = 5) and 12 ( n = 3) wk of horizontal bed rest. LV and right ventricular (RV) mass and
end-diastolic volume were measured using cine magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) at 2, 6, and 12 wk of bed rest; five healthy men were
also studied before and after at least 6 wk of routine daily activities
as controls. In addition, four astronauts were exposed to the complete
elimination of hydrostatic gradients during a spaceflight of 10 days.
During bed rest, LV mass decreased by 8.0 ± 2.2%
( P = 0.005) after 6 wk with an additional atrophy of 7.6 ± 2.3% in the subjects who remained in bed for 12 wk; there was no change in LV mass for the control subjects (153.0 ± 12.2 vs. 153.4 ± 12.1 g, P = 0.81). Mean wall
thickness decreased (4 ± 2.5%, P = 0.01) after 6 wk of bed rest associated with the decrease in LV mass, suggesting a
physiological remodeling with respect to altered load. LV end-diastolic
volume decreased by 14 ± 1.7% ( P = 0.002) after
2 wk of bed rest and changed minimally thereafter. After 6 wk of bed
rest, RV free wall mass decreased by 10 ± 2.7% ( P = 0.06) and RV end-diastolic volume by 16 ± 7.9% ( P = 0.06). After spaceflight, LV mass decreased
by 12 ± 6.9% ( P = 0.07). In conclusion, cardiac
atrophy occurs during prolonged (6 wk) horizontal bed rest and may also
occur after short-term spaceflight. We suggest that cardiac atrophy is
due to a physiological adaptation to reduced myocardial load and work
in real or simulated microgravity and demonstrates the plasticity of
cardiac muscle under different loading conditions.
magnetic resonance imaging; left ventricular mass; left ventricular
end-diastolic volume; right ventricular mass; right ventricular
end-diastolic volume |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1152/jappl.2001.91.2.645 |
| format | Article |
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Hospital of Dallas and Department of Internal Medicine and
Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at
Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75231
Cardiac
muscle adapts well to changes in loading conditions. For example, left
ventricular (LV) hypertrophy may be induced physiologically (via
exercise training) or pathologically (via hypertension or valvular
heart disease). If hypertension is treated, LV hypertrophy regresses,
suggesting a sensitivity to LV work. However, whether physical
inactivity in nonathletic populations causes adaptive changes in LV
mass or even frank atrophy is not clear. We exposed previously
sedentary men to 6 ( n = 5) and 12 ( n = 3) wk of horizontal bed rest. LV and right ventricular (RV) mass and
end-diastolic volume were measured using cine magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) at 2, 6, and 12 wk of bed rest; five healthy men were
also studied before and after at least 6 wk of routine daily activities
as controls. In addition, four astronauts were exposed to the complete
elimination of hydrostatic gradients during a spaceflight of 10 days.
During bed rest, LV mass decreased by 8.0 ± 2.2%
( P = 0.005) after 6 wk with an additional atrophy of 7.6 ± 2.3% in the subjects who remained in bed for 12 wk; there was no change in LV mass for the control subjects (153.0 ± 12.2 vs. 153.4 ± 12.1 g, P = 0.81). Mean wall
thickness decreased (4 ± 2.5%, P = 0.01) after 6 wk of bed rest associated with the decrease in LV mass, suggesting a
physiological remodeling with respect to altered load. LV end-diastolic
volume decreased by 14 ± 1.7% ( P = 0.002) after
2 wk of bed rest and changed minimally thereafter. After 6 wk of bed
rest, RV free wall mass decreased by 10 ± 2.7% ( P = 0.06) and RV end-diastolic volume by 16 ± 7.9% ( P = 0.06). After spaceflight, LV mass decreased
by 12 ± 6.9% ( P = 0.07). In conclusion, cardiac
atrophy occurs during prolonged (6 wk) horizontal bed rest and may also
occur after short-term spaceflight. We suggest that cardiac atrophy is
due to a physiological adaptation to reduced myocardial load and work
in real or simulated microgravity and demonstrates the plasticity of
cardiac muscle under different loading conditions.
magnetic resonance imaging; left ventricular mass; left ventricular
end-diastolic volume; right ventricular mass; right ventricular
end-diastolic volume</description><identifier>ISSN: 8750-7587</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1522-1601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1152/jappl.2001.91.2.645</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11457776</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAPHEV</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Legacy CDMS: Am Physiological Soc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Analysis of Variance ; Applied physiology ; Atrophy ; Bed Rest ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiac Output ; Heart - physiology ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Human physiology applied to population studies and life conditions. Human ecophysiology ; Humans ; Life Sciences (General) ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Myocardium - pathology ; Space Flight ; Space life sciences ; Stroke Volume ; Time Factors ; Transports. Aerospace. Diving. Altitude ; Vascular Resistance ; Weightlessness</subject><ispartof>Journal of applied physiology (1985), 2001-08, Vol.91 (2), p.645-653</ispartof><rights>2002 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c539t-5bf8d4f08eca25461ed065620dad4c8a7622a89e97cc2d15a9ec4caeff316b323</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c539t-5bf8d4f08eca25461ed065620dad4c8a7622a89e97cc2d15a9ec4caeff316b323</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3026,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=14070105$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11457776$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Perhonen, Merja A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Franco, Fatima</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lane, Lynda D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buckey, Jay C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blomqvist, C. Gunnar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zerwekh, Joseph E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peshock, Ronald M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weatherall, Paul T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Levine, Benjamin D</creatorcontrib><title>Cardiac atrophy after bed rest and spaceflight</title><title>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</title><addtitle>J Appl Physiol (1985)</addtitle><description>Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Presbyterian
Hospital of Dallas and Department of Internal Medicine and
Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at
Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75231
Cardiac
muscle adapts well to changes in loading conditions. For example, left
ventricular (LV) hypertrophy may be induced physiologically (via
exercise training) or pathologically (via hypertension or valvular
heart disease). If hypertension is treated, LV hypertrophy regresses,
suggesting a sensitivity to LV work. However, whether physical
inactivity in nonathletic populations causes adaptive changes in LV
mass or even frank atrophy is not clear. We exposed previously
sedentary men to 6 ( n = 5) and 12 ( n = 3) wk of horizontal bed rest. LV and right ventricular (RV) mass and
end-diastolic volume were measured using cine magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) at 2, 6, and 12 wk of bed rest; five healthy men were
also studied before and after at least 6 wk of routine daily activities
as controls. In addition, four astronauts were exposed to the complete
elimination of hydrostatic gradients during a spaceflight of 10 days.
During bed rest, LV mass decreased by 8.0 ± 2.2%
( P = 0.005) after 6 wk with an additional atrophy of 7.6 ± 2.3% in the subjects who remained in bed for 12 wk; there was no change in LV mass for the control subjects (153.0 ± 12.2 vs. 153.4 ± 12.1 g, P = 0.81). Mean wall
thickness decreased (4 ± 2.5%, P = 0.01) after 6 wk of bed rest associated with the decrease in LV mass, suggesting a
physiological remodeling with respect to altered load. LV end-diastolic
volume decreased by 14 ± 1.7% ( P = 0.002) after
2 wk of bed rest and changed minimally thereafter. After 6 wk of bed
rest, RV free wall mass decreased by 10 ± 2.7% ( P = 0.06) and RV end-diastolic volume by 16 ± 7.9% ( P = 0.06). After spaceflight, LV mass decreased
by 12 ± 6.9% ( P = 0.07). In conclusion, cardiac
atrophy occurs during prolonged (6 wk) horizontal bed rest and may also
occur after short-term spaceflight. We suggest that cardiac atrophy is
due to a physiological adaptation to reduced myocardial load and work
in real or simulated microgravity and demonstrates the plasticity of
cardiac muscle under different loading conditions.
magnetic resonance imaging; left ventricular mass; left ventricular
end-diastolic volume; right ventricular mass; right ventricular
end-diastolic volume</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Analysis of Variance</subject><subject>Applied physiology</subject><subject>Atrophy</subject><subject>Bed Rest</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blood Pressure</subject><subject>Cardiac Output</subject><subject>Heart - physiology</subject><subject>Heart Rate</subject><subject>Hemodynamics</subject><subject>Human physiology applied to population studies and life conditions. Human ecophysiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Life Sciences (General)</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Myocardium - pathology</subject><subject>Space Flight</subject><subject>Space life sciences</subject><subject>Stroke Volume</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Transports. Aerospace. Diving. Altitude</subject><subject>Vascular Resistance</subject><subject>Weightlessness</subject><issn>8750-7587</issn><issn>1522-1601</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2001</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>CYI</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kEtv1DAUhS1ERYfCLwChbIBVgq-fyRKNWqhUqZt2bd3xo5PKkwQ7ozL_HqczqGxYeXG-c3z1EfIBaAMg2bdHnKbYMEqh6aBhjRLyFVmVhNWgKLwmq1ZLWmvZ6nPyNufHQgoh4Q05BxBSa61WpFljcj3aCuc0TttDhWH2qdp4VyWf5woHV-UJrQ-xf9jO78hZwJj9-9N7Qe6vLu_WP-ub2x_X6-83tZW8m2u5Ca0TgbbeIpNCgXdUScWoQydsi1oxhm3nO20tcyCx81ZY9CFwUBvO-AX5ctyd0vhrXw4xuz5bHyMOftxno4FCB8ALyI-gTWPOyQczpX6H6WCAmkWTedZkFk2mA8NM0VRan07z-83Ou5fOyUsBPp8AzBZjSDjYPr9wgmoKdBn6eOQGzGiGOeXlJ0EBGFdL_PUYb4u8pz55UxTnfozjw2E57N-L-P_Jq32Md_73vFT-NszkAv8DH1aZ7A</recordid><startdate>20010801</startdate><enddate>20010801</enddate><creator>Perhonen, Merja A</creator><creator>Franco, Fatima</creator><creator>Lane, Lynda D</creator><creator>Buckey, Jay C</creator><creator>Blomqvist, C. Gunnar</creator><creator>Zerwekh, Joseph E</creator><creator>Peshock, Ronald M</creator><creator>Weatherall, Paul T</creator><creator>Levine, Benjamin D</creator><general>Am Physiological Soc</general><general>American Physiological Society</general><scope>CYE</scope><scope>CYI</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20010801</creationdate><title>Cardiac atrophy after bed rest and spaceflight</title><author>Perhonen, Merja A ; Franco, Fatima ; Lane, Lynda D ; Buckey, Jay C ; Blomqvist, C. Gunnar ; Zerwekh, Joseph E ; Peshock, Ronald M ; Weatherall, Paul T ; Levine, Benjamin D</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c539t-5bf8d4f08eca25461ed065620dad4c8a7622a89e97cc2d15a9ec4caeff316b323</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2001</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Analysis of Variance</topic><topic>Applied physiology</topic><topic>Atrophy</topic><topic>Bed Rest</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blood Pressure</topic><topic>Cardiac Output</topic><topic>Heart - physiology</topic><topic>Heart Rate</topic><topic>Hemodynamics</topic><topic>Human physiology applied to population studies and life conditions. Human ecophysiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Life Sciences (General)</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Myocardium - pathology</topic><topic>Space Flight</topic><topic>Space life sciences</topic><topic>Stroke Volume</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Transports. Aerospace. Diving. Altitude</topic><topic>Vascular Resistance</topic><topic>Weightlessness</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Perhonen, Merja A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Franco, Fatima</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lane, Lynda D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buckey, Jay C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blomqvist, C. Gunnar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zerwekh, Joseph E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peshock, Ronald M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weatherall, Paul T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Levine, Benjamin D</creatorcontrib><collection>NASA Scientific and Technical Information</collection><collection>NASA Technical Reports Server</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Perhonen, Merja A</au><au>Franco, Fatima</au><au>Lane, Lynda D</au><au>Buckey, Jay C</au><au>Blomqvist, C. Gunnar</au><au>Zerwekh, Joseph E</au><au>Peshock, Ronald M</au><au>Weatherall, Paul T</au><au>Levine, Benjamin D</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Cardiac atrophy after bed rest and spaceflight</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</jtitle><addtitle>J Appl Physiol (1985)</addtitle><date>2001-08-01</date><risdate>2001</risdate><volume>91</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>645</spage><epage>653</epage><pages>645-653</pages><issn>8750-7587</issn><eissn>1522-1601</eissn><coden>JAPHEV</coden><abstract>Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Presbyterian
Hospital of Dallas and Department of Internal Medicine and
Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at
Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75231
Cardiac
muscle adapts well to changes in loading conditions. For example, left
ventricular (LV) hypertrophy may be induced physiologically (via
exercise training) or pathologically (via hypertension or valvular
heart disease). If hypertension is treated, LV hypertrophy regresses,
suggesting a sensitivity to LV work. However, whether physical
inactivity in nonathletic populations causes adaptive changes in LV
mass or even frank atrophy is not clear. We exposed previously
sedentary men to 6 ( n = 5) and 12 ( n = 3) wk of horizontal bed rest. LV and right ventricular (RV) mass and
end-diastolic volume were measured using cine magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) at 2, 6, and 12 wk of bed rest; five healthy men were
also studied before and after at least 6 wk of routine daily activities
as controls. In addition, four astronauts were exposed to the complete
elimination of hydrostatic gradients during a spaceflight of 10 days.
During bed rest, LV mass decreased by 8.0 ± 2.2%
( P = 0.005) after 6 wk with an additional atrophy of 7.6 ± 2.3% in the subjects who remained in bed for 12 wk; there was no change in LV mass for the control subjects (153.0 ± 12.2 vs. 153.4 ± 12.1 g, P = 0.81). Mean wall
thickness decreased (4 ± 2.5%, P = 0.01) after 6 wk of bed rest associated with the decrease in LV mass, suggesting a
physiological remodeling with respect to altered load. LV end-diastolic
volume decreased by 14 ± 1.7% ( P = 0.002) after
2 wk of bed rest and changed minimally thereafter. After 6 wk of bed
rest, RV free wall mass decreased by 10 ± 2.7% ( P = 0.06) and RV end-diastolic volume by 16 ± 7.9% ( P = 0.06). After spaceflight, LV mass decreased
by 12 ± 6.9% ( P = 0.07). In conclusion, cardiac
atrophy occurs during prolonged (6 wk) horizontal bed rest and may also
occur after short-term spaceflight. We suggest that cardiac atrophy is
due to a physiological adaptation to reduced myocardial load and work
in real or simulated microgravity and demonstrates the plasticity of
cardiac muscle under different loading conditions.
magnetic resonance imaging; left ventricular mass; left ventricular
end-diastolic volume; right ventricular mass; right ventricular
end-diastolic volume</abstract><cop>Legacy CDMS</cop><pub>Am Physiological Soc</pub><pmid>11457776</pmid><doi>10.1152/jappl.2001.91.2.645</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 8750-7587 |
| ispartof | Journal of applied physiology (1985), 2001-08, Vol.91 (2), p.645-653 |
| issn | 8750-7587 1522-1601 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmed_primary_11457776 |
| source | MEDLINE; American Physiological Society; NASA Technical Reports Server; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Adult Analysis of Variance Applied physiology Atrophy Bed Rest Biological and medical sciences Blood Pressure Cardiac Output Heart - physiology Heart Rate Hemodynamics Human physiology applied to population studies and life conditions. Human ecophysiology Humans Life Sciences (General) Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Medical sciences Myocardium - pathology Space Flight Space life sciences Stroke Volume Time Factors Transports. Aerospace. Diving. Altitude Vascular Resistance Weightlessness |
| title | Cardiac atrophy after bed rest and spaceflight |
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