Characterization and removal of iron from pyrophyllite ore for industrial applications
Iron as an impurity in pyrophyllite ore affects pottery, ceramics and tile quality. We carried out the characterization of a pyrophyllite ore sample using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Minerals & Metallurgical Processing 2015-05, Vol.32 (2), p.102-110 |
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| creator | Jena, S. K. Singh, S. Rao, D. S. Dhawan, N. Misra, P. K. Das, B. |
| description | Iron as an impurity in pyrophyllite ore affects pottery, ceramics and tile quality. We carried out the characterization of a pyrophyllite ore sample using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and wet chemical analysis. The study revealed the presence of 2.15% iron oxide (Fe
2
O
3
) along with silica and alumina as the major components, which constituted around 90% of the total sample. We carried out the removal of iron from the pyrophyllite using magnetic separation and acid leaching and found that wet high-intensity magnetic separation (WHIMS) could remove 28% of iron values while oxalic acid leaching could remove up to 99.3%. The leaching kinetics of iron removal and the effects of pulp density, acid concentration, leaching time and temperature were also investigated. The optimum conditions for leaching were found to be leaching time of 60 minutes, temperature of 90°C, pulp density of 5%, oxalic acid concentration of 0.3 M, and particle size below 100 microns. Iron dissolution from the pyrophyllite sample can be best described by the diffusion of ions through the product layer of constant-size spherical particles. The breakdown of the pyrophyllite structure was evident from the FTIR and TGA studies. The activation energy of the leaching process over the temperature range was calculated to be 43.47 kJ/mol. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/BF03402427 |
| format | Article |
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2
O
3
) along with silica and alumina as the major components, which constituted around 90% of the total sample. We carried out the removal of iron from the pyrophyllite using magnetic separation and acid leaching and found that wet high-intensity magnetic separation (WHIMS) could remove 28% of iron values while oxalic acid leaching could remove up to 99.3%. The leaching kinetics of iron removal and the effects of pulp density, acid concentration, leaching time and temperature were also investigated. The optimum conditions for leaching were found to be leaching time of 60 minutes, temperature of 90°C, pulp density of 5%, oxalic acid concentration of 0.3 M, and particle size below 100 microns. Iron dissolution from the pyrophyllite sample can be best described by the diffusion of ions through the product layer of constant-size spherical particles. The breakdown of the pyrophyllite structure was evident from the FTIR and TGA studies. The activation energy of the leaching process over the temperature range was calculated to be 43.47 kJ/mol.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2524-3462</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 0747-9182</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2524-3470</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/BF03402427</identifier><identifier>CODEN: MMPRES</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Acid leaching ; Acids ; Analytical chemistry ; Ceramics ; Density ; Engineering ; Fourier transforms ; Infrared spectroscopy ; Investigations ; Iron ; Leaching ; Materials Engineering ; Metallic Materials ; Metallurgy ; Microscopy ; Mineral Resources ; Mineralogy ; Minerals ; Oxalic acid ; Particle size ; Pyrophyllite ; Quartz ; Special Focus on Iron Ore Processing ; Studies</subject><ispartof>Minerals & Metallurgical Processing, 2015-05, Vol.32 (2), p.102-110</ispartof><rights>The Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration 2015</rights><rights>Copyright Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Inc. May 2015</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c426t-d6ce9fae6b4c8632e3a81c68b8d97248bc9c30f0468cdf15e54ea7517e6d1a3a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c426t-d6ce9fae6b4c8632e3a81c68b8d97248bc9c30f0468cdf15e54ea7517e6d1a3a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/BF03402427$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/BF03402427$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>312,314,780,784,791,27923,27924,41487,42556,51318</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jena, S. K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Singh, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rao, D. S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dhawan, N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Misra, P. K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Das, B.</creatorcontrib><title>Characterization and removal of iron from pyrophyllite ore for industrial applications</title><title>Minerals & Metallurgical Processing</title><addtitle>Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration</addtitle><description>Iron as an impurity in pyrophyllite ore affects pottery, ceramics and tile quality. We carried out the characterization of a pyrophyllite ore sample using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and wet chemical analysis. The study revealed the presence of 2.15% iron oxide (Fe
2
O
3
) along with silica and alumina as the major components, which constituted around 90% of the total sample. We carried out the removal of iron from the pyrophyllite using magnetic separation and acid leaching and found that wet high-intensity magnetic separation (WHIMS) could remove 28% of iron values while oxalic acid leaching could remove up to 99.3%. The leaching kinetics of iron removal and the effects of pulp density, acid concentration, leaching time and temperature were also investigated. The optimum conditions for leaching were found to be leaching time of 60 minutes, temperature of 90°C, pulp density of 5%, oxalic acid concentration of 0.3 M, and particle size below 100 microns. Iron dissolution from the pyrophyllite sample can be best described by the diffusion of ions through the product layer of constant-size spherical particles. The breakdown of the pyrophyllite structure was evident from the FTIR and TGA studies. The activation energy of the leaching process over the temperature range was calculated to be 43.47 kJ/mol.</description><subject>Acid leaching</subject><subject>Acids</subject><subject>Analytical chemistry</subject><subject>Ceramics</subject><subject>Density</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Fourier transforms</subject><subject>Infrared spectroscopy</subject><subject>Investigations</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Leaching</subject><subject>Materials Engineering</subject><subject>Metallic Materials</subject><subject>Metallurgy</subject><subject>Microscopy</subject><subject>Mineral Resources</subject><subject>Mineralogy</subject><subject>Minerals</subject><subject>Oxalic acid</subject><subject>Particle size</subject><subject>Pyrophyllite</subject><subject>Quartz</subject><subject>Special Focus on Iron Ore Processing</subject><subject>Studies</subject><issn>2524-3462</issn><issn>0747-9182</issn><issn>2524-3470</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0U1LxDAQBuAiCi7rXvwFwZMo1Xw1TY-6uCoseFGvJU2nbqTb1EkrrL_e6IqCePA0w_DwHuZNkkNGzxil-fnlggpJueT5TjLhGZepkDnd_d4V309mIbiKSs4YzaWYJI_zlUFjB0D3ZgbnO2K6miCs_atpiW-Iw3hr0K9Jv0HfrzZt6wYgHoE0Honr6jEM6CI2fd86-xkSDpK9xrQBZl9zmjwsru7nN-ny7vp2frFMreRqSGtloWgMqEparQQHYTSzSle6LnIudWULK2hDpdK2blgGmQSTZywHVTMjjJgmR9vcHv3LCGEoEXqPQyiZ0kJplWVFRMe_0NoFC21rOvBjpDllVAut9f-oFKpQkZ5sqUUfAkJT9ujWBjclo-VHH-VPHxGfbnGIqHsCLJ_9iF18zV_6HYaUinQ</recordid><startdate>20150501</startdate><enddate>20150501</enddate><creator>Jena, S. 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K.</creator><creator>Das, B.</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>4T-</scope><scope>7RQ</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>883</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>M0F</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYYUZ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>U9A</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150501</creationdate><title>Characterization and removal of iron from pyrophyllite ore for industrial applications</title><author>Jena, S. K. ; Singh, S. ; Rao, D. S. ; Dhawan, N. ; Misra, P. K. ; Das, B.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c426t-d6ce9fae6b4c8632e3a81c68b8d97248bc9c30f0468cdf15e54ea7517e6d1a3a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Acid leaching</topic><topic>Acids</topic><topic>Analytical chemistry</topic><topic>Ceramics</topic><topic>Density</topic><topic>Engineering</topic><topic>Fourier transforms</topic><topic>Infrared spectroscopy</topic><topic>Investigations</topic><topic>Iron</topic><topic>Leaching</topic><topic>Materials Engineering</topic><topic>Metallic Materials</topic><topic>Metallurgy</topic><topic>Microscopy</topic><topic>Mineral Resources</topic><topic>Mineralogy</topic><topic>Minerals</topic><topic>Oxalic acid</topic><topic>Particle size</topic><topic>Pyrophyllite</topic><topic>Quartz</topic><topic>Special Focus on Iron Ore Processing</topic><topic>Studies</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jena, S. 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K.</au><au>Singh, S.</au><au>Rao, D. S.</au><au>Dhawan, N.</au><au>Misra, P. K.</au><au>Das, B.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Characterization and removal of iron from pyrophyllite ore for industrial applications</atitle><jtitle>Minerals & Metallurgical Processing</jtitle><stitle>Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration</stitle><date>2015-05-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>32</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>102</spage><epage>110</epage><pages>102-110</pages><issn>2524-3462</issn><issn>0747-9182</issn><eissn>2524-3470</eissn><coden>MMPRES</coden><abstract>Iron as an impurity in pyrophyllite ore affects pottery, ceramics and tile quality. We carried out the characterization of a pyrophyllite ore sample using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and wet chemical analysis. The study revealed the presence of 2.15% iron oxide (Fe
2
O
3
) along with silica and alumina as the major components, which constituted around 90% of the total sample. We carried out the removal of iron from the pyrophyllite using magnetic separation and acid leaching and found that wet high-intensity magnetic separation (WHIMS) could remove 28% of iron values while oxalic acid leaching could remove up to 99.3%. The leaching kinetics of iron removal and the effects of pulp density, acid concentration, leaching time and temperature were also investigated. The optimum conditions for leaching were found to be leaching time of 60 minutes, temperature of 90°C, pulp density of 5%, oxalic acid concentration of 0.3 M, and particle size below 100 microns. Iron dissolution from the pyrophyllite sample can be best described by the diffusion of ions through the product layer of constant-size spherical particles. The breakdown of the pyrophyllite structure was evident from the FTIR and TGA studies. The activation energy of the leaching process over the temperature range was calculated to be 43.47 kJ/mol.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><doi>10.1007/BF03402427</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acid leaching Acids Analytical chemistry Ceramics Density Engineering Fourier transforms Infrared spectroscopy Investigations Iron Leaching Materials Engineering Metallic Materials Metallurgy Microscopy Mineral Resources Mineralogy Minerals Oxalic acid Particle size Pyrophyllite Quartz Special Focus on Iron Ore Processing Studies |
| title | Characterization and removal of iron from pyrophyllite ore for industrial applications |
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