Sensitive Maintenance: A Cognitive Process Underlying Individual Differences in Memory for Threatening Information
Dispositional styles of coping with threat influence memory for threatening information. In particular, sensitizers excel over repressors in their memory for threatening information after long retention intervals, but not after short ones. We therefore suggested that sensitizers, but not repressors,...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of personality and social psychology 2012-01, Vol.102 (1), p.200-213 |
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| creator | Peters, Jan H. Hock, Michael Krohne, Heinz Walter |
| description | Dispositional styles of coping with threat influence memory for threatening information. In particular, sensitizers excel over repressors in their memory for threatening information after long retention intervals, but not after short ones. We therefore suggested that sensitizers, but not repressors, employ active maintenance processes during the retention interval to selectively retain threatening material. Sensitive maintenance was studied in 2 experiments in which participants were briefly exposed to threatening and nonthreatening pictures (Experiment 1, N = 128) or words (Experiment 2, N = 145). Following, we administered unannounced recognition tests before and after an intervening task that generated either high or low cognitive load, assuming that high cognitive load would impede sensitizers' memory maintenance of threatening material. Supporting our hypotheses, the same pattern of results was obtained in both experiments: Under low cognitive load, sensitizers forgot less threat material than repressors did; no such differences were observed under high cognitive load. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1037/a0026080 |
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In particular, sensitizers excel over repressors in their memory for threatening information after long retention intervals, but not after short ones. We therefore suggested that sensitizers, but not repressors, employ active maintenance processes during the retention interval to selectively retain threatening material. Sensitive maintenance was studied in 2 experiments in which participants were briefly exposed to threatening and nonthreatening pictures (Experiment 1, N = 128) or words (Experiment 2, N = 145). Following, we administered unannounced recognition tests before and after an intervening task that generated either high or low cognitive load, assuming that high cognitive load would impede sensitizers' memory maintenance of threatening material. 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Psychophysiology ; Recognition (Psychology) - physiology ; Repression ; Repression Sensitization ; Retention ; Social attribution, perception and cognition ; Social psychology ; Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Threat ; Threatening ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Journal of personality and social psychology, 2012-01, Vol.102 (1), p.200-213</ispartof><rights>2011 American Psychological Association</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Psychological Association Jan 2012</rights><rights>2011, American Psychological Association</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a502t-7c376eb55502aa05ff5478a4124743eb411b9cefeb3bc35a32eb9ab729be937c3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,4010,27900,27901,27902,30976,30977,33751</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=25472105$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22082061$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>King, Laura</contributor><creatorcontrib>Peters, Jan H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hock, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krohne, Heinz Walter</creatorcontrib><title>Sensitive Maintenance: A Cognitive Process Underlying Individual Differences in Memory for Threatening Information</title><title>Journal of personality and social psychology</title><addtitle>J Pers Soc Psychol</addtitle><description>Dispositional styles of coping with threat influence memory for threatening information. In particular, sensitizers excel over repressors in their memory for threatening information after long retention intervals, but not after short ones. We therefore suggested that sensitizers, but not repressors, employ active maintenance processes during the retention interval to selectively retain threatening material. Sensitive maintenance was studied in 2 experiments in which participants were briefly exposed to threatening and nonthreatening pictures (Experiment 1, N = 128) or words (Experiment 2, N = 145). Following, we administered unannounced recognition tests before and after an intervening task that generated either high or low cognitive load, assuming that high cognitive load would impede sensitizers' memory maintenance of threatening material. Supporting our hypotheses, the same pattern of results was obtained in both experiments: Under low cognitive load, sensitizers forgot less threat material than repressors did; no such differences were observed under high cognitive load.</description><subject>Adaptation, Psychological - physiology</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cognition</subject><subject>Cognition - physiology</subject><subject>Cognitive ability</subject><subject>Cognitive load</subject><subject>Cognitive Processes</subject><subject>Coping</subject><subject>Coping Behavior</subject><subject>Coping Style</subject><subject>Experimental psychology</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Fear - psychology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Human Channel Capacity</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Individual Differences</subject><subject>Individuality</subject><subject>Information</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Memory</subject><subject>Memory - physiology</subject><subject>Memory load</subject><subject>Mental Recall - physiology</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Practice</subject><subject>Psychological Tests</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychophysiology</subject><subject>Recognition (Psychology) - physiology</subject><subject>Repression</subject><subject>Repression Sensitization</subject><subject>Retention</subject><subject>Social attribution, perception and cognition</subject><subject>Social psychology</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Threat</subject><subject>Threatening</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0022-3514</issn><issn>1939-1315</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0m1r1EAQB_BFFHtWwU8gQRF9YXT2KZv1Xbn6UGhRsH0dJnuTuiW3SXeTwn37bntXFUH7KmTym2E2-2fsOYf3HKT5gACighoesAW30pZccv2QLXJVlFJztceepHQBAEoL8ZjtCQG1gIovWPxBIfnJX1Fxgj5MFDA4-lgcFMvhPGw_fI-Do5SKs7Ci2G98OC-Owspf-dWMfXHou44i5a5U-FCc0HqIm6IbYnH6MxLmiduGXFnj5IfwlD3qsE_0bPfcZ2efP50uv5bH374cLQ-OS9QgptI4aSpqtc5viKC7TitTo-JCGSWpVZy31lFHrWyd1CgFtRZbI2xLVubuffZmO3eMw-VMaWrWPjnqeww0zKmxlRIGlKnul8LYupZWZvn2v5LLvCM3tRH303w5nFsFOtOXf9GLYY4h_5zGgspG38579S_EgYOtrNV_LOjikFKkrhmjX2PcZNTcZKW5y0qmL3YD53ZNq1_wLhwZvN4BTA77LuZo-PTb5fsQ_Hb9d1uHIzZj2jiMk3c9JTfHHIwp18ab4za8EQDyGgta03g</recordid><startdate>201201</startdate><enddate>201201</enddate><creator>Peters, Jan H.</creator><creator>Hock, Michael</creator><creator>Krohne, Heinz Walter</creator><general>American Psychological Association</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7U4</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>BHHNA</scope><scope>DWI</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>WZK</scope><scope>7RZ</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201201</creationdate><title>Sensitive Maintenance: A Cognitive Process Underlying Individual Differences in Memory for Threatening Information</title><author>Peters, Jan H. ; Hock, Michael ; Krohne, Heinz Walter</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a502t-7c376eb55502aa05ff5478a4124743eb411b9cefeb3bc35a32eb9ab729be937c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Adaptation, Psychological - physiology</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cognition</topic><topic>Cognition - physiology</topic><topic>Cognitive ability</topic><topic>Cognitive load</topic><topic>Cognitive Processes</topic><topic>Coping</topic><topic>Coping Behavior</topic><topic>Coping Style</topic><topic>Experimental psychology</topic><topic>Experiments</topic><topic>Fear - psychology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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| subjects | Adaptation, Psychological - physiology Adolescent Adult Biological and medical sciences Cognition Cognition - physiology Cognitive ability Cognitive load Cognitive Processes Coping Coping Behavior Coping Style Experimental psychology Experiments Fear - psychology Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Human Human Channel Capacity Humans Individual Differences Individuality Information Male Memory Memory - physiology Memory load Mental Recall - physiology Middle Aged Practice Psychological Tests Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Recognition (Psychology) - physiology Repression Repression Sensitization Retention Social attribution, perception and cognition Social psychology Studies Surveys and Questionnaires Threat Threatening Young Adult |
| title | Sensitive Maintenance: A Cognitive Process Underlying Individual Differences in Memory for Threatening Information |
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