Gender characterization in a large series of Brazilian patients with spondyloarthritis

An increasing number of women have been diagnosed with spondyloarthritis (SpA) in recent decades. While a few studies have analyzed gender as a prognostic factor of the disease, no studies have addressed this matter with a large number of patients in South America, which is a peculiar region due to...

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Veröffentlicht in:Clinical rheumatology 2012-04, Vol.31 (4), p.687-695
Hauptverfasser: de Carvalho, Hellen M. S., Bortoluzzo, Adriana B., Gonçalves, Célio R., da Silva, José Antonio Braga, Ximenes, Antonio Carlos, Bértolo, Manoel B., Ribeiro, Sandra L. E., Keiserman, Mauro, Menin, Rita, Skare, Thelma L., Carneiro, Sueli, Azevedo, Valderílio F., Vieira, Walber P., Albuquerque, Elisa N., Bianchi, Washington A., Bonfiglioli, Rubens, Campanholo, Cristiano, Costa, Izaias P., Duarte, Angela P., Gavi, Maria Bernadete O., Kohem, Charles L., Leite, Nocy H., Lima, Sonia A. L., Meirelles, Eduardo S., Pereira, Ivânio A., Pinheiro, Marcelo M., Polito, Elizandra, Resende, Gustavo G., Rocha, Francisco Airton C., Santiago, Mittermayer B., de Fátima L. C. Sauma, Maria, Sampaio-Barros, Percival D.
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container_end_page 695
container_issue 4
container_start_page 687
container_title Clinical rheumatology
container_volume 31
creator de Carvalho, Hellen M. S.
Bortoluzzo, Adriana B.
Gonçalves, Célio R.
da Silva, José Antonio Braga
Ximenes, Antonio Carlos
Bértolo, Manoel B.
Ribeiro, Sandra L. E.
Keiserman, Mauro
Menin, Rita
Skare, Thelma L.
Carneiro, Sueli
Azevedo, Valderílio F.
Vieira, Walber P.
Albuquerque, Elisa N.
Bianchi, Washington A.
Bonfiglioli, Rubens
Campanholo, Cristiano
Costa, Izaias P.
Duarte, Angela P.
Gavi, Maria Bernadete O.
Kohem, Charles L.
Leite, Nocy H.
Lima, Sonia A. L.
Meirelles, Eduardo S.
Pereira, Ivânio A.
Pinheiro, Marcelo M.
Polito, Elizandra
Resende, Gustavo G.
Rocha, Francisco Airton C.
Santiago, Mittermayer B.
de Fátima L. C. Sauma, Maria
Sampaio-Barros, Percival D.
description An increasing number of women have been diagnosed with spondyloarthritis (SpA) in recent decades. While a few studies have analyzed gender as a prognostic factor of the disease, no studies have addressed this matter with a large number of patients in South America, which is a peculiar region due to its genetic heterogeneity. The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of gender on disease patterns in a large cohort of Brazilian patients with SpA. A prospective study was carried out involving 1,505 patients [1,090 males (72.4%) and 415 females (27.6%)] classified as SpA according to the European Spondyloarthropaties Study Group criteria who attended at 29 reference centers for rheumatology in Brazil. Clinical and demographic variables were recorded and the following disease indices were administered: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiologic Index (BASRI), Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Enthesitis Score (MASES), and Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL). Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was the most frequent disease in the group (65.4%), followed by psoriatic arthritis (18.4%), undifferentiated SpA (6.7%), reactive arthritis (3.3%), arthritis associated to inflammatory bowel disease (3.2%), and juvenile SpA (2.9%). The male-to-female ratio was 2.6:1 for the whole group and 3.6:1 for AS. The females were older ( p  
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s10067-011-1890-3
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S. ; Bortoluzzo, Adriana B. ; Gonçalves, Célio R. ; da Silva, José Antonio Braga ; Ximenes, Antonio Carlos ; Bértolo, Manoel B. ; Ribeiro, Sandra L. E. ; Keiserman, Mauro ; Menin, Rita ; Skare, Thelma L. ; Carneiro, Sueli ; Azevedo, Valderílio F. ; Vieira, Walber P. ; Albuquerque, Elisa N. ; Bianchi, Washington A. ; Bonfiglioli, Rubens ; Campanholo, Cristiano ; Costa, Izaias P. ; Duarte, Angela P. ; Gavi, Maria Bernadete O. ; Kohem, Charles L. ; Leite, Nocy H. ; Lima, Sonia A. L. ; Meirelles, Eduardo S. ; Pereira, Ivânio A. ; Pinheiro, Marcelo M. ; Polito, Elizandra ; Resende, Gustavo G. ; Rocha, Francisco Airton C. ; Santiago, Mittermayer B. ; de Fátima L. C. Sauma, Maria ; Sampaio-Barros, Percival D.</creator><creatorcontrib>de Carvalho, Hellen M. S. ; Bortoluzzo, Adriana B. ; Gonçalves, Célio R. ; da Silva, José Antonio Braga ; Ximenes, Antonio Carlos ; Bértolo, Manoel B. ; Ribeiro, Sandra L. E. ; Keiserman, Mauro ; Menin, Rita ; Skare, Thelma L. ; Carneiro, Sueli ; Azevedo, Valderílio F. ; Vieira, Walber P. ; Albuquerque, Elisa N. ; Bianchi, Washington A. ; Bonfiglioli, Rubens ; Campanholo, Cristiano ; Costa, Izaias P. ; Duarte, Angela P. ; Gavi, Maria Bernadete O. ; Kohem, Charles L. ; Leite, Nocy H. ; Lima, Sonia A. L. ; Meirelles, Eduardo S. ; Pereira, Ivânio A. ; Pinheiro, Marcelo M. ; Polito, Elizandra ; Resende, Gustavo G. ; Rocha, Francisco Airton C. ; Santiago, Mittermayer B. ; de Fátima L. C. Sauma, Maria ; Sampaio-Barros, Percival D. ; Brazilian Registry on Spondyloarthritis ; from the Brazilian Registry on Spondyloarthritis</creatorcontrib><description><![CDATA[An increasing number of women have been diagnosed with spondyloarthritis (SpA) in recent decades. While a few studies have analyzed gender as a prognostic factor of the disease, no studies have addressed this matter with a large number of patients in South America, which is a peculiar region due to its genetic heterogeneity. The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of gender on disease patterns in a large cohort of Brazilian patients with SpA. A prospective study was carried out involving 1,505 patients [1,090 males (72.4%) and 415 females (27.6%)] classified as SpA according to the European Spondyloarthropaties Study Group criteria who attended at 29 reference centers for rheumatology in Brazil. Clinical and demographic variables were recorded and the following disease indices were administered: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiologic Index (BASRI), Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Enthesitis Score (MASES), and Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL). Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was the most frequent disease in the group (65.4%), followed by psoriatic arthritis (18.4%), undifferentiated SpA (6.7%), reactive arthritis (3.3%), arthritis associated to inflammatory bowel disease (3.2%), and juvenile SpA (2.9%). The male-to-female ratio was 2.6:1 for the whole group and 3.6:1 for AS. The females were older ( p  < 0.001) and reported shorter disease duration ( p  = 0.002) than the male patients. The female gender was positively associated to peripheral SpA ( p  < 0.001), upper limb arthritis ( p  < 0.001), dactylitis ( p  = 0.011), psoriasis ( p  < 0.001), nail involvement ( p  < 0.001), and family history of SpA ( p  = 0.045) and negatively associated to pure axial involvement ( p  < 0.001), lumbar inflammatory pain ( p  = 0.042), radiographic sacroiliitis ( p  < 0.001), and positive HLA-B27 ( p  = 0.001). The number of painful ( p  < 0.001) and swollen ( p  = 0.006) joints was significantly higher in the female gender, who also achieved higher BASDAI ( p  < 0.001), BASFI ( p  = 0.073, trend), MASES ( p  = 0.019), ASQoL ( p  = 0.014), and patient’s global assessment ( p  = 0.003) scores, whereas the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( p  < 0.001) and biological agents ( p  = 0.003) was less frequent in the female gender. Moreover, BASRI values were significantly lower in females ( p  < 0.001). The female gender comprised one third of SpA patients in this large cohort and exhibited more significant peripheral involvement and less functional disability, despite higher values in disease indices.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0770-3198</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1434-9949</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10067-011-1890-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22203094</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>Adult ; Age Factors ; Age of Onset ; Aged ; Brazil ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine &amp; Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Original Article ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Quality of Life ; Radiography ; Rheumatology ; Severity of Illness Index ; Sex Factors ; Spondylarthritis - diagnosis ; Spondylarthritis - diagnostic imaging</subject><ispartof>Clinical rheumatology, 2012-04, Vol.31 (4), p.687-695</ispartof><rights>Clinical Rheumatology 2011</rights><rights>Clinical Rheumatology 2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-e347910273f26e34fb805a76e51550863aa11958d7ec2322a1ee84ddf27b77ae3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-e347910273f26e34fb805a76e51550863aa11958d7ec2322a1ee84ddf27b77ae3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10067-011-1890-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10067-011-1890-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22203094$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>de Carvalho, Hellen M. S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bortoluzzo, Adriana B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gonçalves, Célio R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>da Silva, José Antonio Braga</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ximenes, Antonio Carlos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bértolo, Manoel B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ribeiro, Sandra L. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keiserman, Mauro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Menin, Rita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Skare, Thelma L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carneiro, Sueli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Azevedo, Valderílio F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vieira, Walber P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Albuquerque, Elisa N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bianchi, Washington A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bonfiglioli, Rubens</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Campanholo, Cristiano</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Costa, Izaias P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duarte, Angela P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gavi, Maria Bernadete O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kohem, Charles L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leite, Nocy H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lima, Sonia A. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meirelles, Eduardo S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pereira, Ivânio A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pinheiro, Marcelo M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Polito, Elizandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Resende, Gustavo G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rocha, Francisco Airton C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santiago, Mittermayer B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Fátima L. C. Sauma, Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sampaio-Barros, Percival D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brazilian Registry on Spondyloarthritis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>from the Brazilian Registry on Spondyloarthritis</creatorcontrib><title>Gender characterization in a large series of Brazilian patients with spondyloarthritis</title><title>Clinical rheumatology</title><addtitle>Clin Rheumatol</addtitle><addtitle>Clin Rheumatol</addtitle><description><![CDATA[An increasing number of women have been diagnosed with spondyloarthritis (SpA) in recent decades. While a few studies have analyzed gender as a prognostic factor of the disease, no studies have addressed this matter with a large number of patients in South America, which is a peculiar region due to its genetic heterogeneity. The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of gender on disease patterns in a large cohort of Brazilian patients with SpA. A prospective study was carried out involving 1,505 patients [1,090 males (72.4%) and 415 females (27.6%)] classified as SpA according to the European Spondyloarthropaties Study Group criteria who attended at 29 reference centers for rheumatology in Brazil. Clinical and demographic variables were recorded and the following disease indices were administered: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiologic Index (BASRI), Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Enthesitis Score (MASES), and Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL). Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was the most frequent disease in the group (65.4%), followed by psoriatic arthritis (18.4%), undifferentiated SpA (6.7%), reactive arthritis (3.3%), arthritis associated to inflammatory bowel disease (3.2%), and juvenile SpA (2.9%). The male-to-female ratio was 2.6:1 for the whole group and 3.6:1 for AS. The females were older ( p  < 0.001) and reported shorter disease duration ( p  = 0.002) than the male patients. The female gender was positively associated to peripheral SpA ( p  < 0.001), upper limb arthritis ( p  < 0.001), dactylitis ( p  = 0.011), psoriasis ( p  < 0.001), nail involvement ( p  < 0.001), and family history of SpA ( p  = 0.045) and negatively associated to pure axial involvement ( p  < 0.001), lumbar inflammatory pain ( p  = 0.042), radiographic sacroiliitis ( p  < 0.001), and positive HLA-B27 ( p  = 0.001). The number of painful ( p  < 0.001) and swollen ( p  = 0.006) joints was significantly higher in the female gender, who also achieved higher BASDAI ( p  < 0.001), BASFI ( p  = 0.073, trend), MASES ( p  = 0.019), ASQoL ( p  = 0.014), and patient’s global assessment ( p  = 0.003) scores, whereas the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( p  < 0.001) and biological agents ( p  = 0.003) was less frequent in the female gender. Moreover, BASRI values were significantly lower in females ( p  < 0.001). The female gender comprised one third of SpA patients in this large cohort and exhibited more significant peripheral involvement and less functional disability, despite higher values in disease indices.]]></description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Age of Onset</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Brazil</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine &amp; Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Prognosis</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Quality of Life</subject><subject>Radiography</subject><subject>Rheumatology</subject><subject>Severity of Illness Index</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>Spondylarthritis - diagnosis</subject><subject>Spondylarthritis - diagnostic imaging</subject><issn>0770-3198</issn><issn>1434-9949</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kEFLwzAUx4Mobk4_gBcJXjxVX5K2aY46dAqCF_UasvZ1y-jSmbTI9unN2FQQvOSR937vn_Aj5JzBNQOQNyGeuUyAsYQVChJxQIYsFWmiVKoOyRCkjE2migE5CWEBALxQ7JgMOOcgQKVD8j5BV6Gn5dx4U3bo7cZ0tnXUOmpoY_wMaYhdDLSt6Z03G9tY4-gqUui6QD9tN6dh1bpq3bTGd3NvOxtOyVFtmoBn-zoibw_3r-PH5Pll8jS-fU5KIaFLUKRSMeBS1DyPl3paQGZkjhnLMihyYQxjKisqiSUXnBuGWKRVVXM5ldKgGJGrXe7Ktx89hk4vbSixaYzDtg9a5SJVIuUqkpd_yEXbexc_p1UmhGIcigixHVT6NgSPtV55uzR-rRnorXK9U66jcr1VrkXcudgH99MlVj8b344jwHdAiCM3Q__78v-pX8_Zi4o</recordid><startdate>20120401</startdate><enddate>20120401</enddate><creator>de Carvalho, Hellen M. 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L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meirelles, Eduardo S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pereira, Ivânio A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pinheiro, Marcelo M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Polito, Elizandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Resende, Gustavo G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rocha, Francisco Airton C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santiago, Mittermayer B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Fátima L. C. Sauma, Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sampaio-Barros, Percival D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brazilian Registry on Spondyloarthritis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>from the Brazilian Registry on Spondyloarthritis</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Clinical rheumatology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>de Carvalho, Hellen M. S.</au><au>Bortoluzzo, Adriana B.</au><au>Gonçalves, Célio R.</au><au>da Silva, José Antonio Braga</au><au>Ximenes, Antonio Carlos</au><au>Bértolo, Manoel B.</au><au>Ribeiro, Sandra L. E.</au><au>Keiserman, Mauro</au><au>Menin, Rita</au><au>Skare, Thelma L.</au><au>Carneiro, Sueli</au><au>Azevedo, Valderílio F.</au><au>Vieira, Walber P.</au><au>Albuquerque, Elisa N.</au><au>Bianchi, Washington A.</au><au>Bonfiglioli, Rubens</au><au>Campanholo, Cristiano</au><au>Costa, Izaias P.</au><au>Duarte, Angela P.</au><au>Gavi, Maria Bernadete O.</au><au>Kohem, Charles L.</au><au>Leite, Nocy H.</au><au>Lima, Sonia A. L.</au><au>Meirelles, Eduardo S.</au><au>Pereira, Ivânio A.</au><au>Pinheiro, Marcelo M.</au><au>Polito, Elizandra</au><au>Resende, Gustavo G.</au><au>Rocha, Francisco Airton C.</au><au>Santiago, Mittermayer B.</au><au>de Fátima L. C. Sauma, Maria</au><au>Sampaio-Barros, Percival D.</au><aucorp>Brazilian Registry on Spondyloarthritis</aucorp><aucorp>from the Brazilian Registry on Spondyloarthritis</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Gender characterization in a large series of Brazilian patients with spondyloarthritis</atitle><jtitle>Clinical rheumatology</jtitle><stitle>Clin Rheumatol</stitle><addtitle>Clin Rheumatol</addtitle><date>2012-04-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>31</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>687</spage><epage>695</epage><pages>687-695</pages><issn>0770-3198</issn><eissn>1434-9949</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[An increasing number of women have been diagnosed with spondyloarthritis (SpA) in recent decades. While a few studies have analyzed gender as a prognostic factor of the disease, no studies have addressed this matter with a large number of patients in South America, which is a peculiar region due to its genetic heterogeneity. The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of gender on disease patterns in a large cohort of Brazilian patients with SpA. A prospective study was carried out involving 1,505 patients [1,090 males (72.4%) and 415 females (27.6%)] classified as SpA according to the European Spondyloarthropaties Study Group criteria who attended at 29 reference centers for rheumatology in Brazil. Clinical and demographic variables were recorded and the following disease indices were administered: Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiologic Index (BASRI), Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Enthesitis Score (MASES), and Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL). Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was the most frequent disease in the group (65.4%), followed by psoriatic arthritis (18.4%), undifferentiated SpA (6.7%), reactive arthritis (3.3%), arthritis associated to inflammatory bowel disease (3.2%), and juvenile SpA (2.9%). The male-to-female ratio was 2.6:1 for the whole group and 3.6:1 for AS. The females were older ( p  < 0.001) and reported shorter disease duration ( p  = 0.002) than the male patients. The female gender was positively associated to peripheral SpA ( p  < 0.001), upper limb arthritis ( p  < 0.001), dactylitis ( p  = 0.011), psoriasis ( p  < 0.001), nail involvement ( p  < 0.001), and family history of SpA ( p  = 0.045) and negatively associated to pure axial involvement ( p  < 0.001), lumbar inflammatory pain ( p  = 0.042), radiographic sacroiliitis ( p  < 0.001), and positive HLA-B27 ( p  = 0.001). The number of painful ( p  < 0.001) and swollen ( p  = 0.006) joints was significantly higher in the female gender, who also achieved higher BASDAI ( p  < 0.001), BASFI ( p  = 0.073, trend), MASES ( p  = 0.019), ASQoL ( p  = 0.014), and patient’s global assessment ( p  = 0.003) scores, whereas the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( p  < 0.001) and biological agents ( p  = 0.003) was less frequent in the female gender. Moreover, BASRI values were significantly lower in females ( p  < 0.001). The female gender comprised one third of SpA patients in this large cohort and exhibited more significant peripheral involvement and less functional disability, despite higher values in disease indices.]]></abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Springer-Verlag</pub><pmid>22203094</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10067-011-1890-3</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 0770-3198
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issn 0770-3198
1434-9949
language eng
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source MEDLINE; Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals
subjects Adult
Age Factors
Age of Onset
Aged
Brazil
Female
Humans
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
Original Article
Prognosis
Prospective Studies
Quality of Life
Radiography
Rheumatology
Severity of Illness Index
Sex Factors
Spondylarthritis - diagnosis
Spondylarthritis - diagnostic imaging
title Gender characterization in a large series of Brazilian patients with spondyloarthritis
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