Stomatal response of an anisohydric grapevine cultivar to evaporative demand, available soil moisture and abscisic acid

Stomatal responsiveness to evaporative demand (air vapour pressure deficit (VPD)) ranges widely between species and cultivars, and mechanisms for stomatal control in response to VPD remain obscure. The interaction of irrigation and soil moisture with VPD on stomatal conductance is particularly diffi...

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Veröffentlicht in:Tree physiology 2012-03, Vol.32 (3), p.249-261
Hauptverfasser: Rogiers, Suzy Y, Greer, Dennis H, Hatfield, Jo M, Hutton, Ron J, Clarke, Simon J, Hutchinson, Paul A, Somers, Anthony
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container_issue 3
container_start_page 249
container_title Tree physiology
container_volume 32
creator Rogiers, Suzy Y
Greer, Dennis H
Hatfield, Jo M
Hutton, Ron J
Clarke, Simon J
Hutchinson, Paul A
Somers, Anthony
description Stomatal responsiveness to evaporative demand (air vapour pressure deficit (VPD)) ranges widely between species and cultivars, and mechanisms for stomatal control in response to VPD remain obscure. The interaction of irrigation and soil moisture with VPD on stomatal conductance is particularly difficult to predict, but nevertheless is critical to instantaneous transpiration and vulnerability to desiccation. Stomatal sensitivity to VPD and soil moisture was investigated in Semillon, an anisohydric Vitis vinifera L. variety whose leaf water potential (Ψl) is frequently lower than that of other grapevine varieties grown under similar conditions in the warm grape-growing regions of Australia. A survey of Semillon vines across seven vineyards revealed that, regardless of irrigation treatment, midday Ψl was dependent on not only soil moisture but VPD at the time of measurement. Predawn Ψl was more closely correlated to not only soil moisture in dry vineyards but to night-time VPD in drip-irrigated vineyards, with incomplete rehydration during high night-time VPD. Daytime stomatal conductance was low only under severe plant water deficits, induced by extremes in dry soil. Stomatal response to VPD was inconsistent across irrigation regime; however, in an unirrigated vineyard, stomatal sensitivity to VPD—the magnitude of stomatal response to VPD—was heightened under dry soils. It was also found that stomatal sensitivity was proportional to the magnitude of stomatal conductance at a reference VPD of 1kPa. Exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) applied to roots of Semillon vines growing in a hydroponic system induced stomatal closure and, in field vines, petiole xylem sap ABA concentrations rose throughout the morning and were higher in vines with low Ψl. These data indicate that despite high stomatal conductance of this anisohydric variety when grown in medium to high soil moisture, increased concentrations of ABA as a result of very limited soil moisture may augment stomatal responsiveness to low VPD.
doi_str_mv 10.1093/treephys/tpr131
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The interaction of irrigation and soil moisture with VPD on stomatal conductance is particularly difficult to predict, but nevertheless is critical to instantaneous transpiration and vulnerability to desiccation. Stomatal sensitivity to VPD and soil moisture was investigated in Semillon, an anisohydric Vitis vinifera L. variety whose leaf water potential (Ψl) is frequently lower than that of other grapevine varieties grown under similar conditions in the warm grape-growing regions of Australia. A survey of Semillon vines across seven vineyards revealed that, regardless of irrigation treatment, midday Ψl was dependent on not only soil moisture but VPD at the time of measurement. Predawn Ψl was more closely correlated to not only soil moisture in dry vineyards but to night-time VPD in drip-irrigated vineyards, with incomplete rehydration during high night-time VPD. Daytime stomatal conductance was low only under severe plant water deficits, induced by extremes in dry soil. 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The interaction of irrigation and soil moisture with VPD on stomatal conductance is particularly difficult to predict, but nevertheless is critical to instantaneous transpiration and vulnerability to desiccation. Stomatal sensitivity to VPD and soil moisture was investigated in Semillon, an anisohydric Vitis vinifera L. variety whose leaf water potential (Ψl) is frequently lower than that of other grapevine varieties grown under similar conditions in the warm grape-growing regions of Australia. A survey of Semillon vines across seven vineyards revealed that, regardless of irrigation treatment, midday Ψl was dependent on not only soil moisture but VPD at the time of measurement. Predawn Ψl was more closely correlated to not only soil moisture in dry vineyards but to night-time VPD in drip-irrigated vineyards, with incomplete rehydration during high night-time VPD. Daytime stomatal conductance was low only under severe plant water deficits, induced by extremes in dry soil. Stomatal response to VPD was inconsistent across irrigation regime; however, in an unirrigated vineyard, stomatal sensitivity to VPD—the magnitude of stomatal response to VPD—was heightened under dry soils. It was also found that stomatal sensitivity was proportional to the magnitude of stomatal conductance at a reference VPD of 1kPa. Exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) applied to roots of Semillon vines growing in a hydroponic system induced stomatal closure and, in field vines, petiole xylem sap ABA concentrations rose throughout the morning and were higher in vines with low Ψl. These data indicate that despite high stomatal conductance of this anisohydric variety when grown in medium to high soil moisture, increased concentrations of ABA as a result of very limited soil moisture may augment stomatal responsiveness to low VPD.</abstract><cop>Canada</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>22199014</pmid><doi>10.1093/treephys/tpr131</doi><tpages>13</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects abscisic acid
Abscisic Acid - metabolism
Abscisic Acid - pharmacology
Agricultural Irrigation
air
Biological Transport
cultivars
Electrophysiology
hydroponics
irrigation management
leaf water potential
Light
microirrigation
New South Wales
Plant Leaves - chemistry
Plant Leaves - physiology
Plant Roots - physiology
Plant Stomata - chemistry
Plant Stomata - physiology
Plant Transpiration - physiology
rehydration
roots
sap
Soil - analysis
soil water
stomatal conductance
stomatal movement
surveys
Vapor Pressure
vines
vineyards
Vitis - chemistry
Vitis - physiology
Vitis vinifera
Water - metabolism
xylem
Xylem - metabolism
title Stomatal response of an anisohydric grapevine cultivar to evaporative demand, available soil moisture and abscisic acid
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