Performance of a domestic pellet boiler as a function of operational loads: Part-2
Emissions and efficiency of a pellet boiler (40 kW) at nominal load were compared with emissions and efficiency at reduced load, while fired with six biomass pellets. The pellets include reed canary grass ( Phalaris arundinacea), pectin waste from citrus shells ( Citrus reticulata), sunflower husk (...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Biomass & bioenergy 2011, Vol.35 (1), p.272-279 |
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| creator | Verma, V.K. Bram, S. Gauthier, G. De Ruyck, J. |
| description | Emissions and efficiency of a pellet boiler (40 kW) at nominal load were compared with emissions and efficiency at reduced load, while fired with six biomass pellets. The pellets include reed canary grass (
Phalaris arundinacea), pectin waste from citrus shells (
Citrus reticulata), sunflower husk (
Helianthus annuus), peat, wheat straw (
Triticum aestivum) and wood pellets. The measurements of emissions comprised of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO
x
), sulphur oxides (SO
x
) and flue dust mass concentrations (using DIN
plus and isokinetic sampling techniques). Emissions varied as a function of operational loads, for each type of pellets.
The CO emissions were insignificant with reed canary grass (RCG), citrus pectin waste (CPW) and straw pellets at nominal load, however, at reduced load same pellets emitted 1.9, 4.0 and 7.4 times higher CO than wood pellets, respectively. Peat pellets emitted maximum CO at nominal load (4221.1 mgNm
−3, 12.6 times higher than wood pellets) however; at reduced load CO emission was insignificant. The highest NO
x
emissions were reported with CPW, which were 3.4 and 4.6 times higher than wood pellets at nominal load and reduced load, respectively. Dust emissions were highest with sunflower husk and lowest with RCG pellets, at both operational modes. The best performance was reported with wood pellets, followed by RCG and pectin pellets, however, wood pellets combustion emitted 1.7 and 2.0 times higher dust
DIN
plus
than RCG at nominal and reduced loads, respectively. Not only fuel specific combustion optimization but also operational load specific optimization is essential for efficient use of agro-pellets in this type of boilers. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.08.043 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_954609947</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0961953410003004</els_id><sourcerecordid>1777130099</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c431t-4beb0e028471121e0f4ed373170fcc09f449a33d1978630a0acd4adc78b6c20e3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkU1v1DAQhi1UJLalfwFyqcoly4ztxjEnUMWXVImK0rM1ccbIq2S9tbNI_Hu82sKRHizL9jMzrx4L8QphjYDd2816iGmui9cS6iX0a9DqmVhhb1QrLdgTsQLbYWuvlH4hTkvZAKAGjSvx_ZZzSHmmrecmhYaaMc1cluibHU8TL82Q4sS5oVLfwn7rl5i2BzLtONPhQFMzJRrLu-aW8tLKl-J5oKnw-eN-Ju4_ffxx_aW9-fb56_WHm9ZrhUurBx6AQfbaIEpkCJpHZRQaCN6DDVpbUmpEa_pOAQH5UdPoTT90XgKrM3F57LvL6WFfM7s5Fl9D05bTvjh7pTuwVptKvvkvicYYVFDhinZH1OdUSubgdjnOlH87BHfQ7Tbur2530O2gd1V3Lbx4nEHF0xRyNRrLv2qpjAajZeVeH7lAydHPXJn7u9pIAVqpbK8r8f5IcJX3K3J2xUeu_zPGzH5xY4pPhfkD0SKhHg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1777130099</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Performance of a domestic pellet boiler as a function of operational loads: Part-2</title><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Verma, V.K. ; Bram, S. ; Gauthier, G. ; De Ruyck, J.</creator><creatorcontrib>Verma, V.K. ; Bram, S. ; Gauthier, G. ; De Ruyck, J.</creatorcontrib><description>Emissions and efficiency of a pellet boiler (40 kW) at nominal load were compared with emissions and efficiency at reduced load, while fired with six biomass pellets. The pellets include reed canary grass (
Phalaris arundinacea), pectin waste from citrus shells (
Citrus reticulata), sunflower husk (
Helianthus annuus), peat, wheat straw (
Triticum aestivum) and wood pellets. The measurements of emissions comprised of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO
x
), sulphur oxides (SO
x
) and flue dust mass concentrations (using DIN
plus and isokinetic sampling techniques). Emissions varied as a function of operational loads, for each type of pellets.
The CO emissions were insignificant with reed canary grass (RCG), citrus pectin waste (CPW) and straw pellets at nominal load, however, at reduced load same pellets emitted 1.9, 4.0 and 7.4 times higher CO than wood pellets, respectively. Peat pellets emitted maximum CO at nominal load (4221.1 mgNm
−3, 12.6 times higher than wood pellets) however; at reduced load CO emission was insignificant. The highest NO
x
emissions were reported with CPW, which were 3.4 and 4.6 times higher than wood pellets at nominal load and reduced load, respectively. Dust emissions were highest with sunflower husk and lowest with RCG pellets, at both operational modes. The best performance was reported with wood pellets, followed by RCG and pectin pellets, however, wood pellets combustion emitted 1.7 and 2.0 times higher dust
DIN
plus
than RCG at nominal and reduced loads, respectively. Not only fuel specific combustion optimization but also operational load specific optimization is essential for efficient use of agro-pellets in this type of boilers.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0961-9534</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2909</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.08.043</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Agro-pellets ; Air pollution caused by fuel industries ; Applied sciences ; Biomass ; Boilers ; Carbon monoxide ; Citrus reticulata ; Combustion ; Dust DIN plus ; Dust Isokinetic ; Emissions control ; Emittance ; Energy ; energy policy ; Energy. Thermal use of fuels ; Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc ; European Union ; Exact sciences and technology ; Helianthus ; Helianthus annuus ; integration (economics) ; markets ; Metering. Control ; Multi-heat boiler ; Natural energy ; Operational load ; Pectin ; Pellets ; Phalaris arundinacea ; prices ; residential sector ; Triticum aestivum ; Wood ; wood products</subject><ispartof>Biomass & bioenergy, 2011, Vol.35 (1), p.272-279</ispartof><rights>2010 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c431t-4beb0e028471121e0f4ed373170fcc09f449a33d1978630a0acd4adc78b6c20e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c431t-4beb0e028471121e0f4ed373170fcc09f449a33d1978630a0acd4adc78b6c20e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.08.043$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3548,4022,27922,27923,27924,45994</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=23740742$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Verma, V.K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bram, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gauthier, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Ruyck, J.</creatorcontrib><title>Performance of a domestic pellet boiler as a function of operational loads: Part-2</title><title>Biomass & bioenergy</title><description>Emissions and efficiency of a pellet boiler (40 kW) at nominal load were compared with emissions and efficiency at reduced load, while fired with six biomass pellets. The pellets include reed canary grass (
Phalaris arundinacea), pectin waste from citrus shells (
Citrus reticulata), sunflower husk (
Helianthus annuus), peat, wheat straw (
Triticum aestivum) and wood pellets. The measurements of emissions comprised of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO
x
), sulphur oxides (SO
x
) and flue dust mass concentrations (using DIN
plus and isokinetic sampling techniques). Emissions varied as a function of operational loads, for each type of pellets.
The CO emissions were insignificant with reed canary grass (RCG), citrus pectin waste (CPW) and straw pellets at nominal load, however, at reduced load same pellets emitted 1.9, 4.0 and 7.4 times higher CO than wood pellets, respectively. Peat pellets emitted maximum CO at nominal load (4221.1 mgNm
−3, 12.6 times higher than wood pellets) however; at reduced load CO emission was insignificant. The highest NO
x
emissions were reported with CPW, which were 3.4 and 4.6 times higher than wood pellets at nominal load and reduced load, respectively. Dust emissions were highest with sunflower husk and lowest with RCG pellets, at both operational modes. The best performance was reported with wood pellets, followed by RCG and pectin pellets, however, wood pellets combustion emitted 1.7 and 2.0 times higher dust
DIN
plus
than RCG at nominal and reduced loads, respectively. Not only fuel specific combustion optimization but also operational load specific optimization is essential for efficient use of agro-pellets in this type of boilers.</description><subject>Agro-pellets</subject><subject>Air pollution caused by fuel industries</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Boilers</subject><subject>Carbon monoxide</subject><subject>Citrus reticulata</subject><subject>Combustion</subject><subject>Dust DIN plus</subject><subject>Dust Isokinetic</subject><subject>Emissions control</subject><subject>Emittance</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>energy policy</subject><subject>Energy. Thermal use of fuels</subject><subject>Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc</subject><subject>European Union</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Helianthus</subject><subject>Helianthus annuus</subject><subject>integration (economics)</subject><subject>markets</subject><subject>Metering. Control</subject><subject>Multi-heat boiler</subject><subject>Natural energy</subject><subject>Operational load</subject><subject>Pectin</subject><subject>Pellets</subject><subject>Phalaris arundinacea</subject><subject>prices</subject><subject>residential sector</subject><subject>Triticum aestivum</subject><subject>Wood</subject><subject>wood products</subject><issn>0961-9534</issn><issn>1873-2909</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkU1v1DAQhi1UJLalfwFyqcoly4ztxjEnUMWXVImK0rM1ccbIq2S9tbNI_Hu82sKRHizL9jMzrx4L8QphjYDd2816iGmui9cS6iX0a9DqmVhhb1QrLdgTsQLbYWuvlH4hTkvZAKAGjSvx_ZZzSHmmrecmhYaaMc1cluibHU8TL82Q4sS5oVLfwn7rl5i2BzLtONPhQFMzJRrLu-aW8tLKl-J5oKnw-eN-Ju4_ffxx_aW9-fb56_WHm9ZrhUurBx6AQfbaIEpkCJpHZRQaCN6DDVpbUmpEa_pOAQH5UdPoTT90XgKrM3F57LvL6WFfM7s5Fl9D05bTvjh7pTuwVptKvvkvicYYVFDhinZH1OdUSubgdjnOlH87BHfQ7Tbur2530O2gd1V3Lbx4nEHF0xRyNRrLv2qpjAajZeVeH7lAydHPXJn7u9pIAVqpbK8r8f5IcJX3K3J2xUeu_zPGzH5xY4pPhfkD0SKhHg</recordid><startdate>2011</startdate><enddate>2011</enddate><creator>Verma, V.K.</creator><creator>Bram, S.</creator><creator>Gauthier, G.</creator><creator>De Ruyck, J.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SU</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U6</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2011</creationdate><title>Performance of a domestic pellet boiler as a function of operational loads: Part-2</title><author>Verma, V.K. ; Bram, S. ; Gauthier, G. ; De Ruyck, J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c431t-4beb0e028471121e0f4ed373170fcc09f449a33d1978630a0acd4adc78b6c20e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Agro-pellets</topic><topic>Air pollution caused by fuel industries</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Biomass</topic><topic>Boilers</topic><topic>Carbon monoxide</topic><topic>Citrus reticulata</topic><topic>Combustion</topic><topic>Dust DIN plus</topic><topic>Dust Isokinetic</topic><topic>Emissions control</topic><topic>Emittance</topic><topic>Energy</topic><topic>energy policy</topic><topic>Energy. Thermal use of fuels</topic><topic>Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc</topic><topic>European Union</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Helianthus</topic><topic>Helianthus annuus</topic><topic>integration (economics)</topic><topic>markets</topic><topic>Metering. Control</topic><topic>Multi-heat boiler</topic><topic>Natural energy</topic><topic>Operational load</topic><topic>Pectin</topic><topic>Pellets</topic><topic>Phalaris arundinacea</topic><topic>prices</topic><topic>residential sector</topic><topic>Triticum aestivum</topic><topic>Wood</topic><topic>wood products</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Verma, V.K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bram, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gauthier, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Ruyck, J.</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environmental Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Sustainability Science Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Biomass & bioenergy</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Verma, V.K.</au><au>Bram, S.</au><au>Gauthier, G.</au><au>De Ruyck, J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Performance of a domestic pellet boiler as a function of operational loads: Part-2</atitle><jtitle>Biomass & bioenergy</jtitle><date>2011</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>272</spage><epage>279</epage><pages>272-279</pages><issn>0961-9534</issn><eissn>1873-2909</eissn><abstract>Emissions and efficiency of a pellet boiler (40 kW) at nominal load were compared with emissions and efficiency at reduced load, while fired with six biomass pellets. The pellets include reed canary grass (
Phalaris arundinacea), pectin waste from citrus shells (
Citrus reticulata), sunflower husk (
Helianthus annuus), peat, wheat straw (
Triticum aestivum) and wood pellets. The measurements of emissions comprised of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO
x
), sulphur oxides (SO
x
) and flue dust mass concentrations (using DIN
plus and isokinetic sampling techniques). Emissions varied as a function of operational loads, for each type of pellets.
The CO emissions were insignificant with reed canary grass (RCG), citrus pectin waste (CPW) and straw pellets at nominal load, however, at reduced load same pellets emitted 1.9, 4.0 and 7.4 times higher CO than wood pellets, respectively. Peat pellets emitted maximum CO at nominal load (4221.1 mgNm
−3, 12.6 times higher than wood pellets) however; at reduced load CO emission was insignificant. The highest NO
x
emissions were reported with CPW, which were 3.4 and 4.6 times higher than wood pellets at nominal load and reduced load, respectively. Dust emissions were highest with sunflower husk and lowest with RCG pellets, at both operational modes. The best performance was reported with wood pellets, followed by RCG and pectin pellets, however, wood pellets combustion emitted 1.7 and 2.0 times higher dust
DIN
plus
than RCG at nominal and reduced loads, respectively. Not only fuel specific combustion optimization but also operational load specific optimization is essential for efficient use of agro-pellets in this type of boilers.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.08.043</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0961-9534 |
| ispartof | Biomass & bioenergy, 2011, Vol.35 (1), p.272-279 |
| issn | 0961-9534 1873-2909 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_954609947 |
| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Agro-pellets Air pollution caused by fuel industries Applied sciences Biomass Boilers Carbon monoxide Citrus reticulata Combustion Dust DIN plus Dust Isokinetic Emissions control Emittance Energy energy policy Energy. Thermal use of fuels Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc European Union Exact sciences and technology Helianthus Helianthus annuus integration (economics) markets Metering. Control Multi-heat boiler Natural energy Operational load Pectin Pellets Phalaris arundinacea prices residential sector Triticum aestivum Wood wood products |
| title | Performance of a domestic pellet boiler as a function of operational loads: Part-2 |
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