Elicitation of the immune response to p-phenylenediamine in allergic patients: the role of dose and exposure time
Summary Background Usage of hair dye products containing p‐phenylenediamine (PPD) is a concern for PPD‐allergic individuals. Objectives The present study investigates the role of dose and exposure time on elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis under conditions of permanent hair dyeing. Methods...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | British journal of dermatology (1951) 2010-12, Vol.163 (6), p.1205-1211 |
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| container_title | British journal of dermatology (1951) |
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| creator | Goebel, C. Coenraads, P.-J. Rothe, H. Kunze, G. Kock, M. Schlatter, H. Gerberick, G.F. Blömeke, B. |
| description | Summary
Background Usage of hair dye products containing p‐phenylenediamine (PPD) is a concern for PPD‐allergic individuals.
Objectives The present study investigates the role of dose and exposure time on elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis under conditions of permanent hair dyeing.
Methods Elicitation responses after application of a typical hair dye product containing 2% PPD for 30 min followed by rinsing were analysed in 38 PPD‐allergic individuals with a documented history of hair dye‐related allergy. Skin binding experiments in vitro were performed to distinguish the dose available for elicitation from the dose applied.
Results A positive reaction was elicited in 20 of 20 patients with grades ++ to +++ and 12 of 18 with grade + according to the classification of the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Under conditions of diagnostic patch testing (48 h exposure), the dose available for elicitation is more than 10‐fold higher compared with the dose available for hair dyeing (30‐min exposure, rinsing of product).
Conclusions This investigation demonstrates that under simulated hair dye use conditions the actual exposure to PPD is more than an order of magnitude lower than under diagnostic patch testing, although sufficient to elicit a clearly noticeable reaction in 84% of PPD patch test‐positive individuals. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10009.x |
| format | Article |
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Background Usage of hair dye products containing p‐phenylenediamine (PPD) is a concern for PPD‐allergic individuals.
Objectives The present study investigates the role of dose and exposure time on elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis under conditions of permanent hair dyeing.
Methods Elicitation responses after application of a typical hair dye product containing 2% PPD for 30 min followed by rinsing were analysed in 38 PPD‐allergic individuals with a documented history of hair dye‐related allergy. Skin binding experiments in vitro were performed to distinguish the dose available for elicitation from the dose applied.
Results A positive reaction was elicited in 20 of 20 patients with grades ++ to +++ and 12 of 18 with grade + according to the classification of the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Under conditions of diagnostic patch testing (48 h exposure), the dose available for elicitation is more than 10‐fold higher compared with the dose available for hair dyeing (30‐min exposure, rinsing of product).
Conclusions This investigation demonstrates that under simulated hair dye use conditions the actual exposure to PPD is more than an order of magnitude lower than under diagnostic patch testing, although sufficient to elicit a clearly noticeable reaction in 84% of PPD patch test‐positive individuals.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0007-0963</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2133</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10009.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20795999</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Adult ; Allergens - administration & dosage ; Allergens - adverse effects ; Allergens - pharmacology ; allergic contact dermatitis ; Classification ; Contact dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact - immunology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; exposure-dependent elicitation ; Female ; Hair ; Hair Dyes - adverse effects ; Hair Dyes - pharmacology ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Immune response ; Male ; measured exposure level ; p-phenylenediamine ; Patch Tests ; permanent hair dyeing ; Phenylenediamines - administration & dosage ; Phenylenediamines - adverse effects ; Phenylenediamines - pharmacology ; Skin ; Skin - immunology ; Time Factors</subject><ispartof>British journal of dermatology (1951), 2010-12, Vol.163 (6), p.1205-1211</ispartof><rights>2010 The Authors. BJD © 2010 British Association of Dermatologists</rights><rights>2010 The Authors. BJD © 2010 British Association of Dermatologists.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4409-84b556a4d8d1023f1261bed93d74ef23afe37f311d56964743e7653bf2991daf3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2133.2010.10009.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2133.2010.10009.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20795999$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Goebel, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coenraads, P.-J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rothe, H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kunze, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kock, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schlatter, H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gerberick, G.F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blömeke, B.</creatorcontrib><title>Elicitation of the immune response to p-phenylenediamine in allergic patients: the role of dose and exposure time</title><title>British journal of dermatology (1951)</title><addtitle>Br J Dermatol</addtitle><description>Summary
Background Usage of hair dye products containing p‐phenylenediamine (PPD) is a concern for PPD‐allergic individuals.
Objectives The present study investigates the role of dose and exposure time on elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis under conditions of permanent hair dyeing.
Methods Elicitation responses after application of a typical hair dye product containing 2% PPD for 30 min followed by rinsing were analysed in 38 PPD‐allergic individuals with a documented history of hair dye‐related allergy. Skin binding experiments in vitro were performed to distinguish the dose available for elicitation from the dose applied.
Results A positive reaction was elicited in 20 of 20 patients with grades ++ to +++ and 12 of 18 with grade + according to the classification of the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Under conditions of diagnostic patch testing (48 h exposure), the dose available for elicitation is more than 10‐fold higher compared with the dose available for hair dyeing (30‐min exposure, rinsing of product).
Conclusions This investigation demonstrates that under simulated hair dye use conditions the actual exposure to PPD is more than an order of magnitude lower than under diagnostic patch testing, although sufficient to elicit a clearly noticeable reaction in 84% of PPD patch test‐positive individuals.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Allergens - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Allergens - adverse effects</subject><subject>Allergens - pharmacology</subject><subject>allergic contact dermatitis</subject><subject>Classification</subject><subject>Contact dermatitis</subject><subject>Dermatitis, Allergic Contact - immunology</subject><subject>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</subject><subject>exposure-dependent elicitation</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Hair</subject><subject>Hair Dyes - adverse effects</subject><subject>Hair Dyes - pharmacology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypersensitivity</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>measured exposure level</subject><subject>p-phenylenediamine</subject><subject>Patch Tests</subject><subject>permanent hair dyeing</subject><subject>Phenylenediamines - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Phenylenediamines - adverse effects</subject><subject>Phenylenediamines - pharmacology</subject><subject>Skin</subject><subject>Skin - immunology</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><issn>0007-0963</issn><issn>1365-2133</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNo9kUtv1DAUhS1ERaeFv4C8Y5WpnRvHNQsk6GOgqspDQJeWZ3xDPTh2Gidi5t_jzLTjzbXuOedbnEsI5WzO8ztbzznUoig5wLxk05YxpuabF2R2EF6SWV7KgqkajslJSmvGODDBXpHjkkkllFIz8njl3coNZnAx0NjQ4QGpa9sxIO0xdTEkpEOkXdE9YNh6DGidaV2WXaDGe-z_uBXtch7DkN7v8n30OLFszGETLMVNF9PYZ5Jr8TU5aoxP-OZpnpJf11c_Lz4Xt18XXy4-3harqmKqOK-WQtSmsueWsxIaXtZ8iVaBlRU2JZgGQTbAuRW1qitZAcpawLIpleLWNHBK3u25XR8fR0yDbl1aofcmYByTVqISCiSw7Hz75ByXLVrd9a41_VY_t5QNH_aGf87j9qBzpqdr6LWeStdT6Xq6ht5dQ2_0p5vL3TcDij3ApQE3B4Dp_-paghT6_m6hf1_Ct_sf5UJ_h___e41o</recordid><startdate>201012</startdate><enddate>201012</enddate><creator>Goebel, C.</creator><creator>Coenraads, P.-J.</creator><creator>Rothe, H.</creator><creator>Kunze, G.</creator><creator>Kock, M.</creator><creator>Schlatter, H.</creator><creator>Gerberick, G.F.</creator><creator>Blömeke, B.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>H94</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201012</creationdate><title>Elicitation of the immune response to p-phenylenediamine in allergic patients: the role of dose and exposure time</title><author>Goebel, C. ; Coenraads, P.-J. ; Rothe, H. ; Kunze, G. ; Kock, M. ; Schlatter, H. ; Gerberick, G.F. ; Blömeke, B.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4409-84b556a4d8d1023f1261bed93d74ef23afe37f311d56964743e7653bf2991daf3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Allergens - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Allergens - adverse effects</topic><topic>Allergens - pharmacology</topic><topic>allergic contact dermatitis</topic><topic>Classification</topic><topic>Contact dermatitis</topic><topic>Dermatitis, Allergic Contact - immunology</topic><topic>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</topic><topic>exposure-dependent elicitation</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Hair</topic><topic>Hair Dyes - adverse effects</topic><topic>Hair Dyes - pharmacology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypersensitivity</topic><topic>Immune response</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>measured exposure level</topic><topic>p-phenylenediamine</topic><topic>Patch Tests</topic><topic>permanent hair dyeing</topic><topic>Phenylenediamines - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Phenylenediamines - adverse effects</topic><topic>Phenylenediamines - pharmacology</topic><topic>Skin</topic><topic>Skin - immunology</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Goebel, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coenraads, P.-J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rothe, H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kunze, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kock, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schlatter, H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gerberick, G.F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blömeke, B.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><jtitle>British journal of dermatology (1951)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Goebel, C.</au><au>Coenraads, P.-J.</au><au>Rothe, H.</au><au>Kunze, G.</au><au>Kock, M.</au><au>Schlatter, H.</au><au>Gerberick, G.F.</au><au>Blömeke, B.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Elicitation of the immune response to p-phenylenediamine in allergic patients: the role of dose and exposure time</atitle><jtitle>British journal of dermatology (1951)</jtitle><addtitle>Br J Dermatol</addtitle><date>2010-12</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>163</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1205</spage><epage>1211</epage><pages>1205-1211</pages><issn>0007-0963</issn><eissn>1365-2133</eissn><abstract>Summary
Background Usage of hair dye products containing p‐phenylenediamine (PPD) is a concern for PPD‐allergic individuals.
Objectives The present study investigates the role of dose and exposure time on elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis under conditions of permanent hair dyeing.
Methods Elicitation responses after application of a typical hair dye product containing 2% PPD for 30 min followed by rinsing were analysed in 38 PPD‐allergic individuals with a documented history of hair dye‐related allergy. Skin binding experiments in vitro were performed to distinguish the dose available for elicitation from the dose applied.
Results A positive reaction was elicited in 20 of 20 patients with grades ++ to +++ and 12 of 18 with grade + according to the classification of the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Under conditions of diagnostic patch testing (48 h exposure), the dose available for elicitation is more than 10‐fold higher compared with the dose available for hair dyeing (30‐min exposure, rinsing of product).
Conclusions This investigation demonstrates that under simulated hair dye use conditions the actual exposure to PPD is more than an order of magnitude lower than under diagnostic patch testing, although sufficient to elicit a clearly noticeable reaction in 84% of PPD patch test‐positive individuals.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>20795999</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10009.x</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Access via Wiley Online Library; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current) |
| subjects | Adult Allergens - administration & dosage Allergens - adverse effects Allergens - pharmacology allergic contact dermatitis Classification Contact dermatitis Dermatitis, Allergic Contact - immunology Dose-Response Relationship, Drug exposure-dependent elicitation Female Hair Hair Dyes - adverse effects Hair Dyes - pharmacology Humans Hypersensitivity Immune response Male measured exposure level p-phenylenediamine Patch Tests permanent hair dyeing Phenylenediamines - administration & dosage Phenylenediamines - adverse effects Phenylenediamines - pharmacology Skin Skin - immunology Time Factors |
| title | Elicitation of the immune response to p-phenylenediamine in allergic patients: the role of dose and exposure time |
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