Role of microRNAs in kidney homeostasis and disease

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous short (20–22 nucleotides) non-coding RNA molecules that mediate gene expression. This is an important regulatory mechanism to modulate fundamental cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, death, metabolism, and pathophysiology of many diseases. The...

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Veröffentlicht in:Kidney international 2012-04, Vol.81 (7), p.617-627
Hauptverfasser: Chandrasekaran, Karthikeyan, Karolina, Dwi S., Sepramaniam, Sugunavathi, Armugam, Arunmozhiarasi, Marelyn Wintour, E., Bertram, John F., Jeyaseelan, Kandiah
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container_end_page 627
container_issue 7
container_start_page 617
container_title Kidney international
container_volume 81
creator Chandrasekaran, Karthikeyan
Karolina, Dwi S.
Sepramaniam, Sugunavathi
Armugam, Arunmozhiarasi
Marelyn Wintour, E.
Bertram, John F.
Jeyaseelan, Kandiah
description MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous short (20–22 nucleotides) non-coding RNA molecules that mediate gene expression. This is an important regulatory mechanism to modulate fundamental cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, death, metabolism, and pathophysiology of many diseases. The miRNA expression profile of the kidney differs greatly from that of other organs, as well as between the different regions in the kidney. In kidneys, miRNAs are indispensable for development and homeostasis. In this review, we explore the involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of blood pressure, hormone, water, and ion balance pertaining to kidney homeostasis. We also highlight their importance in renal pathophysiology, such as in polycystic disease, diabetic nephropathy, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, hypertension, renal cancer, and kidney fibrosis (epithelial–mesenchymal transition). In addition, we highlight the need for further investigations on miRNA-based studies in the development of diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools for renal diseases.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/ki.2011.448
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This is an important regulatory mechanism to modulate fundamental cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, death, metabolism, and pathophysiology of many diseases. The miRNA expression profile of the kidney differs greatly from that of other organs, as well as between the different regions in the kidney. In kidneys, miRNAs are indispensable for development and homeostasis. In this review, we explore the involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of blood pressure, hormone, water, and ion balance pertaining to kidney homeostasis. We also highlight their importance in renal pathophysiology, such as in polycystic disease, diabetic nephropathy, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, hypertension, renal cancer, and kidney fibrosis (epithelial–mesenchymal transition). 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Urinary tract diseases ; nephron ; Nephropathies. Renovascular diseases. 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This is an important regulatory mechanism to modulate fundamental cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, death, metabolism, and pathophysiology of many diseases. The miRNA expression profile of the kidney differs greatly from that of other organs, as well as between the different regions in the kidney. In kidneys, miRNAs are indispensable for development and homeostasis. In this review, we explore the involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of blood pressure, hormone, water, and ion balance pertaining to kidney homeostasis. We also highlight their importance in renal pathophysiology, such as in polycystic disease, diabetic nephropathy, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, hypertension, renal cancer, and kidney fibrosis (epithelial–mesenchymal transition). 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Urinary tract diseases</subject><subject>nephron</subject><subject>Nephropathies. Renovascular diseases. 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Urinary tract diseases</topic><topic>nephron</topic><topic>Nephropathies. Renovascular diseases. 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subjects Animals
aquaporin
Biological and medical sciences
blood pressure regulation
Diabetic Nephropathies - genetics
Diabetic Nephropathies - metabolism
Fibrosis
Gene Expression Profiling
Homeostasis
Humans
Hypertension, Renal - genetics
Hypertension, Renal - metabolism
ion channel
Kidney - growth & development
Kidney - metabolism
Kidney Diseases - genetics
Kidney Diseases - metabolism
Kidney Diseases - pathology
Kidney Neoplasms - genetics
Kidney Neoplasms - metabolism
Medical sciences
microRNAs
MicroRNAs - genetics
MicroRNAs - metabolism
Models, Biological
Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases
nephron
Nephropathies. Renovascular diseases. Renal failure
Polycystic Kidney Diseases - genetics
Polycystic Kidney Diseases - metabolism
renal disease
Renal failure
title Role of microRNAs in kidney homeostasis and disease
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