Metal sulphides from wastewater: Assessing the impact of supersaturation control strategies
Metal sulphide precipitation forms an important component of acid mine drainage remediation systems based on bacterial sulphate reduction. However, the precipitation reaction is inherently driven by very high levels of supersaturation with the generation of small particles with poor solid–liquid sep...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Water research (Oxford) 2012-05, Vol.46 (7), p.2088-2100 |
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| description | Metal sulphide precipitation forms an important component of acid mine drainage remediation systems based on bacterial sulphate reduction. However, the precipitation reaction is inherently driven by very high levels of supersaturation with the generation of small particles with poor solid–liquid separation characteristics. In this study, the effect of strategies used to manage supersaturation was investigated during copper and zinc sulphide precipitation reactions. Initial batch studies showed the origin of sulphide (biological or chemical) had no significant effect on the efficiency of zinc sulphide precipitation. For copper, low metal removal efficiency was obtained at metal to sulphide molar ratios below 1.6 in the synthetic sulphide system. This was improved in the biogenic sulphide system, due to the presence of residual volatile fatty acids, but the presence or absence of particulate organic matter had no effect on recovery. Subsequent studies, conducted using synthetic sulphide solutions in a seeded fluidised bed reactor with multiple reagent feed points (2FP and 6FP) and different recirculation flow rates (300 and 120 mL min−1) showed efficient zinc sulphide precipitation, but limited ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.watres.2012.01.027 |
| format | Article |
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[Display omitted]
► Low solubility of metal sulphides makes control of supersaturation difficult. ► Precipitation reactions dominated by primary nucleation resulting in very small particles. ► Origin of sulphide (biological or chemical) has no significant effect on zinc removal. ► Lower proportion of HS− species (pH induced) improved precipitate characteristics. ► Conventional strategies for supersaturation management in FBR not effective for metal sulphides.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0043-1354</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-2448</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.01.027</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22336629</identifier><identifier>CODEN: WATRAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Acid mine drainage ; Applied sciences ; Bacteria - metabolism ; Bioreactors ; Chemical Precipitation ; copper ; Copper - analysis ; Exact sciences and technology ; Fatty Acids, Volatile - metabolism ; Fluidised bed reactor ; Metal sulphide precipitation ; Mining ; organic matter ; Particle characteristics ; particle size ; Pollution ; Precipitation ; remediation ; Solid–liquid separation ; sulfides ; Sulfides - metabolism ; Supersaturation control ; volatile fatty acids ; Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods ; Wastewater remediation ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis ; Water Purification - methods ; Water treatment and pollution ; zeta potential ; zinc ; Zinc - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Water research (Oxford), 2012-05, Vol.46 (7), p.2088-2100</ispartof><rights>2012 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c415t-fb7cd6fa5ec617cb8113a66a58d619f061bc99197705d78a48bc51ae19fac2ad3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c415t-fb7cd6fa5ec617cb8113a66a58d619f061bc99197705d78a48bc51ae19fac2ad3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135412000474$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=25651128$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22336629$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mokone, T.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Hille, R.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lewis, A.E.</creatorcontrib><title>Metal sulphides from wastewater: Assessing the impact of supersaturation control strategies</title><title>Water research (Oxford)</title><addtitle>Water Res</addtitle><description>Metal sulphide precipitation forms an important component of acid mine drainage remediation systems based on bacterial sulphate reduction. However, the precipitation reaction is inherently driven by very high levels of supersaturation with the generation of small particles with poor solid–liquid separation characteristics. In this study, the effect of strategies used to manage supersaturation was investigated during copper and zinc sulphide precipitation reactions. Initial batch studies showed the origin of sulphide (biological or chemical) had no significant effect on the efficiency of zinc sulphide precipitation. For copper, low metal removal efficiency was obtained at metal to sulphide molar ratios below 1.6 in the synthetic sulphide system. This was improved in the biogenic sulphide system, due to the presence of residual volatile fatty acids, but the presence or absence of particulate organic matter had no effect on recovery. Subsequent studies, conducted using synthetic sulphide solutions in a seeded fluidised bed reactor with multiple reagent feed points (2FP and 6FP) and different recirculation flow rates (300 and 120 mL min−1) showed efficient zinc sulphide precipitation, but limited (<10%) deposition on the seeds. Increasing the number of sulphide feed points (2–6) reduced precipitate loss as fines by approximately 10%. Zinc sulphide fines could be effectively recovered from suspension by settling under quiescent conditions. In the copper system, metal recovery was low (ca 40%) due to the formation of very small copper sulphide particles (mean particle size of ca 0.01 μm). Increasing the number of reagent feed points did not affect supersaturation to the extent of altering particle characteristics. The copper sulphide fines could not be recovered by settling, remaining in a stable colloidal suspension due to their highly charged surfaces (zeta potential −50 mV). The change in recirculation flow rate had a limited effect (ca 5% improvement) on process efficiency. The results show that the extremely high supersaturation prevalent during metal sulphide precipitation is difficult to control using conventional approaches and suggest that the seeded fluidised bed reactor is not suitable for this application.
[Display omitted]
► Low solubility of metal sulphides makes control of supersaturation difficult. ► Precipitation reactions dominated by primary nucleation resulting in very small particles. ► Origin of sulphide (biological or chemical) has no significant effect on zinc removal. ► Lower proportion of HS− species (pH induced) improved precipitate characteristics. ► Conventional strategies for supersaturation management in FBR not effective for metal sulphides.</description><subject>Acid mine drainage</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Bacteria - metabolism</subject><subject>Bioreactors</subject><subject>Chemical Precipitation</subject><subject>copper</subject><subject>Copper - analysis</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Fatty Acids, Volatile - metabolism</subject><subject>Fluidised bed reactor</subject><subject>Metal sulphide precipitation</subject><subject>Mining</subject><subject>organic matter</subject><subject>Particle characteristics</subject><subject>particle size</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Precipitation</subject><subject>remediation</subject><subject>Solid–liquid separation</subject><subject>sulfides</subject><subject>Sulfides - metabolism</subject><subject>Supersaturation control</subject><subject>volatile fatty acids</subject><subject>Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods</subject><subject>Wastewater remediation</subject><subject>Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis</subject><subject>Water Purification - methods</subject><subject>Water treatment and pollution</subject><subject>zeta potential</subject><subject>zinc</subject><subject>Zinc - metabolism</subject><issn>0043-1354</issn><issn>1879-2448</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kcFu1DAQhi0EotuFN0CQC-KUYCexE3OoVFUUkIo4QE8crIkz2XqVxMHjUPH2uMoCN04j2d8_M_7M2AvBC8GFenss7iEGpKLkoiy4KHjZPGI70TY6L-u6fcx2nNdVLipZn7FzoiPnvCwr_ZSdpVIpVeod-_4ZI4wZreNy53qkbAh-yu6BIqb2GN5ll0RI5OZDFu8wc9MCNmZ-SJEFA0FcA0Tn58z6OQafWsV0gAeH9Iw9GWAkfH6qe3Z7_f7b1cf85suHT1eXN7mthYz50DW2VwNItEo0tmuFqEApkG2vhB64Ep3VWuim4bJvWqjbzkoBmO7AltBXe_Zm67sE_2NFimZyZHEcYUa_ktFlWzWy1TqR9Uba4IkCDmYJboLwywhuHqyao9msmgerhguTrKbYy9OAtZuw_xv6ozEBr08AkIVxCDBbR_84qaQQaYs9e7VxA3gDh5CY269pkkxfk17dyERcbAQmYT8dBkPW4WyxdwFtNL13_9_1N07votE</recordid><startdate>20120501</startdate><enddate>20120501</enddate><creator>Mokone, T.P.</creator><creator>van Hille, R.P.</creator><creator>Lewis, A.E.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120501</creationdate><title>Metal sulphides from wastewater: Assessing the impact of supersaturation control strategies</title><author>Mokone, T.P. ; van Hille, R.P. ; Lewis, A.E.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c415t-fb7cd6fa5ec617cb8113a66a58d619f061bc99197705d78a48bc51ae19fac2ad3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Acid mine drainage</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Bacteria - metabolism</topic><topic>Bioreactors</topic><topic>Chemical Precipitation</topic><topic>copper</topic><topic>Copper - analysis</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Fatty Acids, Volatile - metabolism</topic><topic>Fluidised bed reactor</topic><topic>Metal sulphide precipitation</topic><topic>Mining</topic><topic>organic matter</topic><topic>Particle characteristics</topic><topic>particle size</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Precipitation</topic><topic>remediation</topic><topic>Solid–liquid separation</topic><topic>sulfides</topic><topic>Sulfides - metabolism</topic><topic>Supersaturation control</topic><topic>volatile fatty acids</topic><topic>Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods</topic><topic>Wastewater remediation</topic><topic>Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis</topic><topic>Water Purification - methods</topic><topic>Water treatment and pollution</topic><topic>zeta potential</topic><topic>zinc</topic><topic>Zinc - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mokone, T.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Hille, R.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lewis, A.E.</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Water research (Oxford)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mokone, T.P.</au><au>van Hille, R.P.</au><au>Lewis, A.E.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Metal sulphides from wastewater: Assessing the impact of supersaturation control strategies</atitle><jtitle>Water research (Oxford)</jtitle><addtitle>Water Res</addtitle><date>2012-05-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>46</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>2088</spage><epage>2100</epage><pages>2088-2100</pages><issn>0043-1354</issn><eissn>1879-2448</eissn><coden>WATRAG</coden><abstract>Metal sulphide precipitation forms an important component of acid mine drainage remediation systems based on bacterial sulphate reduction. However, the precipitation reaction is inherently driven by very high levels of supersaturation with the generation of small particles with poor solid–liquid separation characteristics. In this study, the effect of strategies used to manage supersaturation was investigated during copper and zinc sulphide precipitation reactions. Initial batch studies showed the origin of sulphide (biological or chemical) had no significant effect on the efficiency of zinc sulphide precipitation. For copper, low metal removal efficiency was obtained at metal to sulphide molar ratios below 1.6 in the synthetic sulphide system. This was improved in the biogenic sulphide system, due to the presence of residual volatile fatty acids, but the presence or absence of particulate organic matter had no effect on recovery. Subsequent studies, conducted using synthetic sulphide solutions in a seeded fluidised bed reactor with multiple reagent feed points (2FP and 6FP) and different recirculation flow rates (300 and 120 mL min−1) showed efficient zinc sulphide precipitation, but limited (<10%) deposition on the seeds. Increasing the number of sulphide feed points (2–6) reduced precipitate loss as fines by approximately 10%. Zinc sulphide fines could be effectively recovered from suspension by settling under quiescent conditions. In the copper system, metal recovery was low (ca 40%) due to the formation of very small copper sulphide particles (mean particle size of ca 0.01 μm). Increasing the number of reagent feed points did not affect supersaturation to the extent of altering particle characteristics. The copper sulphide fines could not be recovered by settling, remaining in a stable colloidal suspension due to their highly charged surfaces (zeta potential −50 mV). The change in recirculation flow rate had a limited effect (ca 5% improvement) on process efficiency. The results show that the extremely high supersaturation prevalent during metal sulphide precipitation is difficult to control using conventional approaches and suggest that the seeded fluidised bed reactor is not suitable for this application.
[Display omitted]
► Low solubility of metal sulphides makes control of supersaturation difficult. ► Precipitation reactions dominated by primary nucleation resulting in very small particles. ► Origin of sulphide (biological or chemical) has no significant effect on zinc removal. ► Lower proportion of HS− species (pH induced) improved precipitate characteristics. ► Conventional strategies for supersaturation management in FBR not effective for metal sulphides.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>22336629</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.watres.2012.01.027</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acid mine drainage Applied sciences Bacteria - metabolism Bioreactors Chemical Precipitation copper Copper - analysis Exact sciences and technology Fatty Acids, Volatile - metabolism Fluidised bed reactor Metal sulphide precipitation Mining organic matter Particle characteristics particle size Pollution Precipitation remediation Solid–liquid separation sulfides Sulfides - metabolism Supersaturation control volatile fatty acids Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods Wastewater remediation Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis Water Purification - methods Water treatment and pollution zeta potential zinc Zinc - metabolism |
| title | Metal sulphides from wastewater: Assessing the impact of supersaturation control strategies |
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