A state-wide population-based program for detection of lynch syndrome based upon immunohistochemical and molecular testing of colorectal tumours

We have previously established in a large retrospective study that testing for microsatellite instability (MSI) in colorectal cancer (CRC) from patients aged

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Veröffentlicht in:Familial cancer 2012-03, Vol.11 (1), p.1-6
Hauptverfasser: Schofield, Lyn, Grieu, Fabienne, Goldblatt, Jack, Amanuel, Benhur, Iacopetta, Barry
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container_issue 1
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container_title Familial cancer
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creator Schofield, Lyn
Grieu, Fabienne
Goldblatt, Jack
Amanuel, Benhur
Iacopetta, Barry
description We have previously established in a large retrospective study that testing for microsatellite instability (MSI) in colorectal cancer (CRC) from patients aged
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s10689-011-9494-2
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From these findings, MSI and/or immunohistochemical (IHC) screening was recommended for all newly diagnosed CRC patients aged &lt;60 years in Western Australia, regardless of family history of cancer. In the current study we evaluated the utility of routine MSI/IHC screening by diagnostic pathology laboratories for the detection of previously undiagnosed individuals and families with LS. From January 2009 to December 2010, 270 tumours were tested for MSI and for expression of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6 using IHC. Cases showing MSI and/or loss of expression were also tested for the BRAF V600E hotspot mutation. Seventy cases were found to have MSI, of which 25 were excluded from further investigation as possible LS cases due to presence of the BRAF V600E mutation. The remaining 45 “red flag” cases were eligible for germline testing based on their MSI, IHC and BRAF status. From 31 cases tested to date, 15 germline mutations have been found. Thirteen were from individuals not previously recognized as LS and two were untested members from known LS families. Extrapolation of the mutation incidence (15/31, 48%) to all red flag cases ( n  = 45) suggests that approximately 22 mutation carriers exist in this cohort. This value approximates the number of CRC cases due to LS that could be expected to arise in the Western Australian population over a two-year period ( n  = 24), assuming that 1% of all CRCs are due to LS. 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From these findings, MSI and/or immunohistochemical (IHC) screening was recommended for all newly diagnosed CRC patients aged &lt;60 years in Western Australia, regardless of family history of cancer. In the current study we evaluated the utility of routine MSI/IHC screening by diagnostic pathology laboratories for the detection of previously undiagnosed individuals and families with LS. From January 2009 to December 2010, 270 tumours were tested for MSI and for expression of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6 using IHC. Cases showing MSI and/or loss of expression were also tested for the BRAF V600E hotspot mutation. Seventy cases were found to have MSI, of which 25 were excluded from further investigation as possible LS cases due to presence of the BRAF V600E mutation. The remaining 45 “red flag” cases were eligible for germline testing based on their MSI, IHC and BRAF status. From 31 cases tested to date, 15 germline mutations have been found. Thirteen were from individuals not previously recognized as LS and two were untested members from known LS families. Extrapolation of the mutation incidence (15/31, 48%) to all red flag cases ( n  = 45) suggests that approximately 22 mutation carriers exist in this cohort. This value approximates the number of CRC cases due to LS that could be expected to arise in the Western Australian population over a two-year period ( n  = 24), assuming that 1% of all CRCs are due to LS. Although further improvements in workflow can be made, our preliminary findings following the implementation of state-wide routine MSI and IHC testing in Western Australia indicate that the majority of LS cases are being identified.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><pmid>22120844</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10689-011-9494-2</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cancer Research
Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis - diagnosis
Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis - epidemiology
Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis - genetics
DNA Mismatch Repair - genetics
Epidemiology
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Human Genetics
Humans
Immunoenzyme Techniques
Male
Microsatellite Instability
Middle Aged
Mutation - genetics
Prognosis
Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf - genetics
Retrospective Studies
Short Communication
Western Australia - epidemiology
title A state-wide population-based program for detection of lynch syndrome based upon immunohistochemical and molecular testing of colorectal tumours
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