Precision Placement of Separated Dairy Sludge Improves Early Phosphorus Nutrition and Growth in Corn (Zea mays L.)
Efficient use of manure nutrients by crops is necessary to minimize losses to the environment. This field study examined the possibility of replacing side‐banded mineral P with precision‐placed high‐P sludge (6.2–11.0% dry matter) obtained after settling dairy manure slurry. The sludge was injected...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of environmental quality 2012-03, Vol.41 (2), p.582-591 |
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| creator | Bittman, S. Liu, A. Hunt, D.E. Forge, T.A. Kowalenko, C.G. Chantigny, M.H. Buckley, K. |
| description | Efficient use of manure nutrients by crops is necessary to minimize losses to the environment. This field study examined the possibility of replacing side‐banded mineral P with precision‐placed high‐P sludge (6.2–11.0% dry matter) obtained after settling dairy manure slurry. The sludge was injected at about 30 kg P ha−1 (36.0–51.2 m3 ha−1) into the soil at corn row spacing, and the corn was planted 5, 10, and 15 cm beside the injection furrow. Controls included no added P and side‐banded commercial P fertilizer. The treatments were tested on corn with low and high root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM). The study showed that sludge did not impede AM root colonization, corn germination, or seedling growth. Corn plants with both high and low levels of AM colonization responded to the sludge from the three‐leaf stage and showed the greatest benefit at the six‐leaf stage. Corn responded more to sludge placed at 5 than at 15 cm from the corn rows, whereas the response at the 10‐cm spacing was intermediate. There was little difference in seedling growth or final harvest parameters between the side‐banded fertilizer P and the 5‐cm sludge treatment. The results show a new way to use manure nutrients, namely precision‐placement sludge for corn. This may obviate the need for chemical fertilizers for improving farm nutrient balances. Other anticipated benefits are less energy use for hauling and injection of the sludge fraction and reduced risk of nutrient loss by runoff and volatilization (ammonia) and nuisance odors due to injection. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2134/jeq2011.0284 |
| format | Article |
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This field study examined the possibility of replacing side‐banded mineral P with precision‐placed high‐P sludge (6.2–11.0% dry matter) obtained after settling dairy manure slurry. The sludge was injected at about 30 kg P ha−1 (36.0–51.2 m3 ha−1) into the soil at corn row spacing, and the corn was planted 5, 10, and 15 cm beside the injection furrow. Controls included no added P and side‐banded commercial P fertilizer. The treatments were tested on corn with low and high root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM). The study showed that sludge did not impede AM root colonization, corn germination, or seedling growth. Corn plants with both high and low levels of AM colonization responded to the sludge from the three‐leaf stage and showed the greatest benefit at the six‐leaf stage. Corn responded more to sludge placed at 5 than at 15 cm from the corn rows, whereas the response at the 10‐cm spacing was intermediate. There was little difference in seedling growth or final harvest parameters between the side‐banded fertilizer P and the 5‐cm sludge treatment. The results show a new way to use manure nutrients, namely precision‐placement sludge for corn. This may obviate the need for chemical fertilizers for improving farm nutrient balances. Other anticipated benefits are less energy use for hauling and injection of the sludge fraction and reduced risk of nutrient loss by runoff and volatilization (ammonia) and nuisance odors due to injection.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0047-2425</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-2537</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2134/jeq2011.0284</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22370420</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JEVQAA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: The American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, Inc</publisher><subject>Agrochemicals ; Colonization ; Corn ; Crops ; Dairy farms ; Dairying ; Dry matter ; Fertilizers ; Injection ; Leaves ; Livestock ; Manures ; Mycorrhizae - drug effects ; Mycorrhizae - growth & development ; Nutrient loss ; Phosphorus - metabolism ; Phosphorus - pharmacology ; Plant Roots - drug effects ; Plant Roots - growth & development ; Plant Roots - microbiology ; Risk reduction ; Seedlings ; Seeds ; Sewage - chemistry ; Sludge ; Sludge treatment ; Slurries ; Vegetables ; Zea mays - drug effects ; Zea mays - growth & development ; Zea mays - metabolism ; Zea mays - microbiology</subject><ispartof>Journal of environmental quality, 2012-03, Vol.41 (2), p.582-591</ispartof><rights>Copyright © by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright American Society of Agronomy Mar 2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3684-f4072289ed399d8d4f977d3f4cc543c5e07ccd6c847cea165acd2f116f797f323</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3684-f4072289ed399d8d4f977d3f4cc543c5e07ccd6c847cea165acd2f116f797f323</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2134%2Fjeq2011.0284$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.2134%2Fjeq2011.0284$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22370420$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bittman, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hunt, D.E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Forge, T.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kowalenko, C.G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chantigny, M.H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buckley, K.</creatorcontrib><title>Precision Placement of Separated Dairy Sludge Improves Early Phosphorus Nutrition and Growth in Corn (Zea mays L.)</title><title>Journal of environmental quality</title><addtitle>J Environ Qual</addtitle><description>Efficient use of manure nutrients by crops is necessary to minimize losses to the environment. This field study examined the possibility of replacing side‐banded mineral P with precision‐placed high‐P sludge (6.2–11.0% dry matter) obtained after settling dairy manure slurry. The sludge was injected at about 30 kg P ha−1 (36.0–51.2 m3 ha−1) into the soil at corn row spacing, and the corn was planted 5, 10, and 15 cm beside the injection furrow. Controls included no added P and side‐banded commercial P fertilizer. The treatments were tested on corn with low and high root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM). The study showed that sludge did not impede AM root colonization, corn germination, or seedling growth. Corn plants with both high and low levels of AM colonization responded to the sludge from the three‐leaf stage and showed the greatest benefit at the six‐leaf stage. Corn responded more to sludge placed at 5 than at 15 cm from the corn rows, whereas the response at the 10‐cm spacing was intermediate. There was little difference in seedling growth or final harvest parameters between the side‐banded fertilizer P and the 5‐cm sludge treatment. The results show a new way to use manure nutrients, namely precision‐placement sludge for corn. This may obviate the need for chemical fertilizers for improving farm nutrient balances. Other anticipated benefits are less energy use for hauling and injection of the sludge fraction and reduced risk of nutrient loss by runoff and volatilization (ammonia) and nuisance odors due to injection.</description><subject>Agrochemicals</subject><subject>Colonization</subject><subject>Corn</subject><subject>Crops</subject><subject>Dairy farms</subject><subject>Dairying</subject><subject>Dry matter</subject><subject>Fertilizers</subject><subject>Injection</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Livestock</subject><subject>Manures</subject><subject>Mycorrhizae - drug effects</subject><subject>Mycorrhizae - growth & development</subject><subject>Nutrient loss</subject><subject>Phosphorus - metabolism</subject><subject>Phosphorus - pharmacology</subject><subject>Plant Roots - drug effects</subject><subject>Plant Roots - growth & development</subject><subject>Plant Roots - microbiology</subject><subject>Risk reduction</subject><subject>Seedlings</subject><subject>Seeds</subject><subject>Sewage - chemistry</subject><subject>Sludge</subject><subject>Sludge treatment</subject><subject>Slurries</subject><subject>Vegetables</subject><subject>Zea mays - drug effects</subject><subject>Zea mays - growth & development</subject><subject>Zea mays - metabolism</subject><subject>Zea mays - microbiology</subject><issn>0047-2425</issn><issn>1537-2537</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc1P2zAYh60JNArbjfNkicNAosVfieMj6sqXqtGJ7cIl8uzXa6okLnYCyn8_l5YdOOxg-9WrR49-8g-hY0omjHJxsYInRiidEFaID2hEMy7HLF17aESISLNg2QE6jHFFCGVE5h_RAWNcEsHICIVFAFPFyrd4UWsDDbQd9g4_wFoH3YHF33QVBvxQ9_YP4NtmHfwzRDzToR7wYunjeulDH_H3vgtVt_Ho1uLr4F-6Ja5aPPWhxaePoHGjh4jnk7NPaN_pOsLn3XuEfl3Nfk5vxvP769vp5XxseF6IsRNEMlYosFwpW1jhlJSWO2FMJrjJgEhjbG4KIQ1ommfaWOYozZ1U0nHGj9DXrTdFfuohdmVTRQN1rVvwfSwVEyqnshCJPHlHrnwf2hSupIQoRQTN80SdbykTfIwBXLkOVaPDkKByU0W5q6LcVJHwLztp_7sB-w9--_sEqC3wUtUw_FdW3s1-sM1Ji1f5X-zilFM</recordid><startdate>201203</startdate><enddate>201203</enddate><creator>Bittman, S.</creator><creator>Liu, A.</creator><creator>Hunt, D.E.</creator><creator>Forge, T.A.</creator><creator>Kowalenko, C.G.</creator><creator>Chantigny, M.H.</creator><creator>Buckley, K.</creator><general>The American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, Inc</general><general>American Society of Agronomy</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PHGZM</scope><scope>PHGZT</scope><scope>PJZUB</scope><scope>PKEHL</scope><scope>PPXIY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQGLB</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201203</creationdate><title>Precision Placement of Separated Dairy Sludge Improves Early Phosphorus Nutrition and Growth in Corn (Zea mays L.)</title><author>Bittman, S. ; Liu, A. ; Hunt, D.E. ; Forge, T.A. ; Kowalenko, C.G. ; Chantigny, M.H. ; Buckley, K.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3684-f4072289ed399d8d4f977d3f4cc543c5e07ccd6c847cea165acd2f116f797f323</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Agrochemicals</topic><topic>Colonization</topic><topic>Corn</topic><topic>Crops</topic><topic>Dairy farms</topic><topic>Dairying</topic><topic>Dry matter</topic><topic>Fertilizers</topic><topic>Injection</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>Livestock</topic><topic>Manures</topic><topic>Mycorrhizae - 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This field study examined the possibility of replacing side‐banded mineral P with precision‐placed high‐P sludge (6.2–11.0% dry matter) obtained after settling dairy manure slurry. The sludge was injected at about 30 kg P ha−1 (36.0–51.2 m3 ha−1) into the soil at corn row spacing, and the corn was planted 5, 10, and 15 cm beside the injection furrow. Controls included no added P and side‐banded commercial P fertilizer. The treatments were tested on corn with low and high root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM). The study showed that sludge did not impede AM root colonization, corn germination, or seedling growth. Corn plants with both high and low levels of AM colonization responded to the sludge from the three‐leaf stage and showed the greatest benefit at the six‐leaf stage. Corn responded more to sludge placed at 5 than at 15 cm from the corn rows, whereas the response at the 10‐cm spacing was intermediate. There was little difference in seedling growth or final harvest parameters between the side‐banded fertilizer P and the 5‐cm sludge treatment. The results show a new way to use manure nutrients, namely precision‐placement sludge for corn. This may obviate the need for chemical fertilizers for improving farm nutrient balances. Other anticipated benefits are less energy use for hauling and injection of the sludge fraction and reduced risk of nutrient loss by runoff and volatilization (ammonia) and nuisance odors due to injection.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>The American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, Inc</pub><pmid>22370420</pmid><doi>10.2134/jeq2011.0284</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of environmental quality, 2012-03, Vol.41 (2), p.582-591 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Agrochemicals Colonization Corn Crops Dairy farms Dairying Dry matter Fertilizers Injection Leaves Livestock Manures Mycorrhizae - drug effects Mycorrhizae - growth & development Nutrient loss Phosphorus - metabolism Phosphorus - pharmacology Plant Roots - drug effects Plant Roots - growth & development Plant Roots - microbiology Risk reduction Seedlings Seeds Sewage - chemistry Sludge Sludge treatment Slurries Vegetables Zea mays - drug effects Zea mays - growth & development Zea mays - metabolism Zea mays - microbiology |
| title | Precision Placement of Separated Dairy Sludge Improves Early Phosphorus Nutrition and Growth in Corn (Zea mays L.) |
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