Presence of human noro- and adenoviruses in river and treated wastewater, a longitudinal study and method comparison

Norovirus (NoV) is one of the most common causative agents of waterborne gastroenteritis outbreaks. The main objective of the study was to determine the presence of human NoVs in river water and in treated wastewater (TW) released into the river. During a one-year survey in 2007/2008, NoVs were dete...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of water and health 2012-03, Vol.10 (1), p.87-99
Hauptverfasser: Maunula, Leena, Söderberg, Kirsi, Vahtera, Heli, Vuorilehto, Veli-Pekka, von Bonsdorff, Carl-Henrik, Valtari, Maria, Laakso, Tuula, Lahti, Kirsti
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container_title Journal of water and health
container_volume 10
creator Maunula, Leena
Söderberg, Kirsi
Vahtera, Heli
Vuorilehto, Veli-Pekka
von Bonsdorff, Carl-Henrik
Valtari, Maria
Laakso, Tuula
Lahti, Kirsti
description Norovirus (NoV) is one of the most common causative agents of waterborne gastroenteritis outbreaks. The main objective of the study was to determine the presence of human NoVs in river water and in treated wastewater (TW) released into the river. During a one-year survey in 2007/2008, NoVs were detected in 30.8% of river samples (20/65), and 40.5% of TW samples (17/45) with a real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay. NoVs were present in the river water in the winter and spring, coinciding with the NoV epidemiological peak in the community and the presence of NoVs in TW. Later in 2009, the concentration method used, pre-filtration with a Waterra filter combined with filtration through a negatively charged membrane, was evaluated against glass wool filtration and freeze-drying for the detection of adenoviruses in river water. The virus amounts measured varied greatly depending on the virus concentration method. The continued monitoring in the spring of 2009 also revealed that the average concentration of noro- and adenoviruses in TW was 2.64 × 10(3) and 1.29 × 10(4) pcr units per mL, respectively. No correlation between the presence of viruses and Escherichia coli was found. These results may be useful for risk assessment studies.
doi_str_mv 10.2166/wh.2011.095
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subjects Adenoviridae - isolation & purification
Adenoviruses
Correlation analysis
Detection
DNA
E coli
Environmental Monitoring - methods
Epidemiology
Filtration
Filtration - methods
Finland
Freeze drying
Fresh Water - virology
Freshwater
Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis - virology
Glass wool
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Methods
Norovirus
Norovirus - isolation & purification
Nucleotide sequence
Outbreaks
PCR
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Reverse transcription
Risk assessment
River water
Rivers
Sewage - virology
Spring
Surveying
Transcription
Viruses
Wastewater
Wastewater treatment
Water Microbiology
Water purification
Water Quality
Water sampling
title Presence of human noro- and adenoviruses in river and treated wastewater, a longitudinal study and method comparison
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