Brittle tail syndrome is an emerging infection in horses caused by a keratinolytic fungus Equicapillimyces hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov
The newly described brittle tail syndrome causes weakening and breakage of the tail hair of horses. Extensive mycological and molecular studies showed that a novel fungus Equicapillimyces hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is the most likely cause of this syndrome. It is a septate branching hyaline m...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Veterinary microbiology 2012-03, Vol.155 (2-4), p.399-408 |
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| creator | Wong, Samson S.Y. Ngan, Antonio H.Y. Riggs, Christopher M. Teng, Jade L.L. Choi, Garnet K.Y. Poon, Rosana W.S. Hui, Janet J.Y. Low, Frank J. Luk, Alez Yuen, Kwok-Yung |
| description | The newly described brittle tail syndrome causes weakening and breakage of the tail hair of horses. Extensive mycological and molecular studies showed that a novel fungus Equicapillimyces hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is the most likely cause of this syndrome. It is a septate branching hyaline mould which grows optimally at 30°C, requires nicotinic acid but is inhibited by cycloheximide, and specifically infects horse hair. Hyphae fill the core of infected hair shafts with short-necked structures resembling ascomata containing banana-shaped septate ascospore-like structures perforating the hair cortex from within. Compared to asymptomatic horses (n=31), horses with clinical signs of the syndrome (n=22) are significantly more likely to have positive E. hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov. smear (6.5% vs. 100%), culture (6.5% vs. 72.7%), and PCR (32.3% vs. 100%, P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.024 |
| format | Article |
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Extensive mycological and molecular studies showed that a novel fungus Equicapillimyces hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is the most likely cause of this syndrome. It is a septate branching hyaline mould which grows optimally at 30°C, requires nicotinic acid but is inhibited by cycloheximide, and specifically infects horse hair. Hyphae fill the core of infected hair shafts with short-necked structures resembling ascomata containing banana-shaped septate ascospore-like structures perforating the hair cortex from within. Compared to asymptomatic horses (n=31), horses with clinical signs of the syndrome (n=22) are significantly more likely to have positive E. hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov. smear (6.5% vs. 100%), culture (6.5% vs. 72.7%), and PCR (32.3% vs. 100%, P<0.001 for all). No other potential pathogens were found on bacteriological and mycological culture or PCR (for Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton). Genotyping of pure E. hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov. isolates and their corresponding direct specimens by PCR and sequencing of the 18S rRNA, ITS1–5.8S-ITS2, 28S rRNA, beta-actin, beta-tubulin, and elongation factor 1 alpha showed that they are all identical but unique, and related distantly to fungi mostly in the class Sordariomycetes and the family Ophiostomataceae. Its geographical distribution, environmental or animal reservoirs are still unknown. Besides the ugly appearance of infected horse tails, this fungus may emerge as another equine pathogen if it affects the skin and hoof of horses.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0378-1135</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2542</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.024</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22014601</identifier><identifier>CODEN: VMICDQ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>actin ; Actins - genetics ; Animals ; Ascomycota - classification ; Ascomycota - genetics ; Ascomycota - isolation & purification ; Base Sequence ; Biological and medical sciences ; cortex ; cycloheximide ; Dermatophyte ; Epidermophyton ; fungi ; Genotype ; genotyping ; geographical distribution ; hairs ; hooves ; Horse Diseases - microbiology ; Horse Diseases - pathology ; Horses ; Human mycoses ; hyphae ; Infectious diseases ; Keratinolytic ; Medical sciences ; Microsporum ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mycoses ; Mycoses - microbiology ; Mycoses - pathology ; Mycoses - veterinary ; Mycoses of the skin ; niacin ; nucleotide sequences ; Ophiostomataceae ; pathogens ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; ribosomal RNA ; RNA, Ribosomal - genetics ; Sordariomycetes ; Syndrome ; Tail ; Trichophyton ; tubulin ; Tubulin - genetics</subject><ispartof>Veterinary microbiology, 2012-03, Vol.155 (2-4), p.399-408</ispartof><rights>2011 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c514t-6adc64beb3bf762eee6fe6fc2bb8b9107b2fe7c536ebaa7c0acbb2ef3dc02253</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c514t-6adc64beb3bf762eee6fe6fc2bb8b9107b2fe7c536ebaa7c0acbb2ef3dc02253</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.024$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=25639534$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22014601$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wong, Samson S.Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ngan, Antonio H.Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Riggs, Christopher M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teng, Jade L.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Garnet K.Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poon, Rosana W.S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hui, Janet J.Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Low, Frank J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luk, Alez</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuen, Kwok-Yung</creatorcontrib><title>Brittle tail syndrome is an emerging infection in horses caused by a keratinolytic fungus Equicapillimyces hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov</title><title>Veterinary microbiology</title><addtitle>Vet Microbiol</addtitle><description>The newly described brittle tail syndrome causes weakening and breakage of the tail hair of horses. Extensive mycological and molecular studies showed that a novel fungus Equicapillimyces hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is the most likely cause of this syndrome. It is a septate branching hyaline mould which grows optimally at 30°C, requires nicotinic acid but is inhibited by cycloheximide, and specifically infects horse hair. Hyphae fill the core of infected hair shafts with short-necked structures resembling ascomata containing banana-shaped septate ascospore-like structures perforating the hair cortex from within. Compared to asymptomatic horses (n=31), horses with clinical signs of the syndrome (n=22) are significantly more likely to have positive E. hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov. smear (6.5% vs. 100%), culture (6.5% vs. 72.7%), and PCR (32.3% vs. 100%, P<0.001 for all). No other potential pathogens were found on bacteriological and mycological culture or PCR (for Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton). Genotyping of pure E. hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov. isolates and their corresponding direct specimens by PCR and sequencing of the 18S rRNA, ITS1–5.8S-ITS2, 28S rRNA, beta-actin, beta-tubulin, and elongation factor 1 alpha showed that they are all identical but unique, and related distantly to fungi mostly in the class Sordariomycetes and the family Ophiostomataceae. Its geographical distribution, environmental or animal reservoirs are still unknown. Besides the ugly appearance of infected horse tails, this fungus may emerge as another equine pathogen if it affects the skin and hoof of horses.</description><subject>actin</subject><subject>Actins - genetics</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Ascomycota - classification</subject><subject>Ascomycota - genetics</subject><subject>Ascomycota - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Base Sequence</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>cortex</subject><subject>cycloheximide</subject><subject>Dermatophyte</subject><subject>Epidermophyton</subject><subject>fungi</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>genotyping</subject><subject>geographical distribution</subject><subject>hairs</subject><subject>hooves</subject><subject>Horse Diseases - microbiology</subject><subject>Horse Diseases - pathology</subject><subject>Horses</subject><subject>Human mycoses</subject><subject>hyphae</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Keratinolytic</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Microsporum</subject><subject>Molecular Sequence Data</subject><subject>Mycoses</subject><subject>Mycoses - microbiology</subject><subject>Mycoses - pathology</subject><subject>Mycoses - veterinary</subject><subject>Mycoses of the skin</subject><subject>niacin</subject><subject>nucleotide sequences</subject><subject>Ophiostomataceae</subject><subject>pathogens</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>ribosomal RNA</subject><subject>RNA, Ribosomal - genetics</subject><subject>Sordariomycetes</subject><subject>Syndrome</subject><subject>Tail</subject><subject>Trichophyton</subject><subject>tubulin</subject><subject>Tubulin - genetics</subject><issn>0378-1135</issn><issn>1873-2542</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc1u1TAQhS0EopfCGyDwBsGCBNtJnGRTCaryI1ViQVlbtjNOfZvYt3ZypTwDL41DLrCrZGtm8Z0zozkIvaQkp4TyD_v8CNNodc4IpTlpc8LKR2hHm7rIWFWyx2hHirrJKC2qM_Qsxj0hpGw5eYrOWNKUnNAd-vUp2GkaAE_SDjgurgt-BGwjlg7DCKG3rsfWGdCT9S51-NaHCBFrOUfosFqwxHcQ5GSdH5bJamxm188RX93PVsuDHQY7Ljopbr3r79IHF5N_Kjl2_pi_x_Hwp3uOnhg5RHhxqufo5vPVzeXX7Pr7l2-XH68zXdFyyrjsNC8VqEKZmjMA4CY9zZRqVEtJrZiBWlcFByVlrYnUSjEwRacJY1Vxjt5utofg72eIkxht1DAM0oGfo2gTREjTkkS-e5BMOVCWDlk1CS03VAcfYwAjDsGOMiwJWjku9mLLS6x5CdKKlFeSvTpNmNUI3T_R34AS8OYEyKjlYIJ02sb_XMWLtipWo9cbZ6QXsg-J-fljNSFpNqn46nSxEZBOe7QQRNQWnIbOhhSu6Lx9eNffa9nCJQ</recordid><startdate>20120323</startdate><enddate>20120323</enddate><creator>Wong, Samson S.Y.</creator><creator>Ngan, Antonio H.Y.</creator><creator>Riggs, Christopher M.</creator><creator>Teng, Jade L.L.</creator><creator>Choi, Garnet K.Y.</creator><creator>Poon, Rosana W.S.</creator><creator>Hui, Janet J.Y.</creator><creator>Low, Frank J.</creator><creator>Luk, Alez</creator><creator>Yuen, Kwok-Yung</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120323</creationdate><title>Brittle tail syndrome is an emerging infection in horses caused by a keratinolytic fungus Equicapillimyces hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov</title><author>Wong, Samson S.Y. ; Ngan, Antonio H.Y. ; Riggs, Christopher M. ; Teng, Jade L.L. ; Choi, Garnet K.Y. ; Poon, Rosana W.S. ; Hui, Janet J.Y. ; Low, Frank J. ; Luk, Alez ; Yuen, Kwok-Yung</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c514t-6adc64beb3bf762eee6fe6fc2bb8b9107b2fe7c536ebaa7c0acbb2ef3dc02253</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>actin</topic><topic>Actins - genetics</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Ascomycota - classification</topic><topic>Ascomycota - genetics</topic><topic>Ascomycota - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Base Sequence</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>cortex</topic><topic>cycloheximide</topic><topic>Dermatophyte</topic><topic>Epidermophyton</topic><topic>fungi</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>genotyping</topic><topic>geographical distribution</topic><topic>hairs</topic><topic>hooves</topic><topic>Horse Diseases - microbiology</topic><topic>Horse Diseases - pathology</topic><topic>Horses</topic><topic>Human mycoses</topic><topic>hyphae</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Keratinolytic</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Microsporum</topic><topic>Molecular Sequence Data</topic><topic>Mycoses</topic><topic>Mycoses - microbiology</topic><topic>Mycoses - pathology</topic><topic>Mycoses - veterinary</topic><topic>Mycoses of the skin</topic><topic>niacin</topic><topic>nucleotide sequences</topic><topic>Ophiostomataceae</topic><topic>pathogens</topic><topic>Phylogeny</topic><topic>Polymerase Chain Reaction</topic><topic>ribosomal RNA</topic><topic>RNA, Ribosomal - genetics</topic><topic>Sordariomycetes</topic><topic>Syndrome</topic><topic>Tail</topic><topic>Trichophyton</topic><topic>tubulin</topic><topic>Tubulin - genetics</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wong, Samson S.Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ngan, Antonio H.Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Riggs, Christopher M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teng, Jade L.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Garnet K.Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poon, Rosana W.S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hui, Janet J.Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Low, Frank J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luk, Alez</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuen, Kwok-Yung</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Veterinary microbiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wong, Samson S.Y.</au><au>Ngan, Antonio H.Y.</au><au>Riggs, Christopher M.</au><au>Teng, Jade L.L.</au><au>Choi, Garnet K.Y.</au><au>Poon, Rosana W.S.</au><au>Hui, Janet J.Y.</au><au>Low, Frank J.</au><au>Luk, Alez</au><au>Yuen, Kwok-Yung</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Brittle tail syndrome is an emerging infection in horses caused by a keratinolytic fungus Equicapillimyces hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov</atitle><jtitle>Veterinary microbiology</jtitle><addtitle>Vet Microbiol</addtitle><date>2012-03-23</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>155</volume><issue>2-4</issue><spage>399</spage><epage>408</epage><pages>399-408</pages><issn>0378-1135</issn><eissn>1873-2542</eissn><coden>VMICDQ</coden><abstract>The newly described brittle tail syndrome causes weakening and breakage of the tail hair of horses. Extensive mycological and molecular studies showed that a novel fungus Equicapillimyces hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is the most likely cause of this syndrome. It is a septate branching hyaline mould which grows optimally at 30°C, requires nicotinic acid but is inhibited by cycloheximide, and specifically infects horse hair. Hyphae fill the core of infected hair shafts with short-necked structures resembling ascomata containing banana-shaped septate ascospore-like structures perforating the hair cortex from within. Compared to asymptomatic horses (n=31), horses with clinical signs of the syndrome (n=22) are significantly more likely to have positive E. hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov. smear (6.5% vs. 100%), culture (6.5% vs. 72.7%), and PCR (32.3% vs. 100%, P<0.001 for all). No other potential pathogens were found on bacteriological and mycological culture or PCR (for Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton). Genotyping of pure E. hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov. isolates and their corresponding direct specimens by PCR and sequencing of the 18S rRNA, ITS1–5.8S-ITS2, 28S rRNA, beta-actin, beta-tubulin, and elongation factor 1 alpha showed that they are all identical but unique, and related distantly to fungi mostly in the class Sordariomycetes and the family Ophiostomataceae. Its geographical distribution, environmental or animal reservoirs are still unknown. Besides the ugly appearance of infected horse tails, this fungus may emerge as another equine pathogen if it affects the skin and hoof of horses.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>22014601</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.024</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | actin Actins - genetics Animals Ascomycota - classification Ascomycota - genetics Ascomycota - isolation & purification Base Sequence Biological and medical sciences cortex cycloheximide Dermatophyte Epidermophyton fungi Genotype genotyping geographical distribution hairs hooves Horse Diseases - microbiology Horse Diseases - pathology Horses Human mycoses hyphae Infectious diseases Keratinolytic Medical sciences Microsporum Molecular Sequence Data Mycoses Mycoses - microbiology Mycoses - pathology Mycoses - veterinary Mycoses of the skin niacin nucleotide sequences Ophiostomataceae pathogens Phylogeny Polymerase Chain Reaction ribosomal RNA RNA, Ribosomal - genetics Sordariomycetes Syndrome Tail Trichophyton tubulin Tubulin - genetics |
| title | Brittle tail syndrome is an emerging infection in horses caused by a keratinolytic fungus Equicapillimyces hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov |
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