Mechanical characterization of fourth generation composite humerus
Mechanical data on upper extremity surrogate bones, supporting use as biomechanical tools, is limited. The objective of this study was to characterize the structural behaviour of the fourth-generation composite humerus under simulated physiologic bending, specifically, stiffness, rigidity, and mid-d...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine Journal of engineering in medicine, 2011-12, Vol.225 (12), p.1169-1176 |
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| description | Mechanical data on upper extremity surrogate bones, supporting use as biomechanical tools, is limited. The objective of this study was to characterize the structural behaviour of the fourth-generation composite humerus under simulated physiologic bending, specifically, stiffness, rigidity, and mid-diaphysial surface strains. Three humeri were tested in four-point bending, in anatomically defined anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) planes. Stiffness and rigidity were derived using load–displacement data. Principal strains were determined at the anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral surfaces in the humeral mid-diaphysial transverse plane of one specimen using stacked rosettes. Linear structural behaviour was observed within the test range. Average stiffness and rigidity were greater in the ML (918 ± 18 N/mm; 98.4 ± 1.9 Nm2) than the AP plane (833 ± 16 N/mm; 89.3 ± 1.6 Nm2), with little inter-specimen variability. The ML/AP rigidity ratio was 1.1. Surface principal strains were similar at the anterior (5.41 µε/N) and posterior (5.43 µε/N) gauges for AP bending, and comparatively less for ML bending, i.e. 5.1 and 4.5 µε/N, at the medial and lateral gauges, respectively. This study provides novel strain and stiffness data for the fourth-generation composite humerus and also adds to published construct rigidity data. The presented results support the use of this composite bone as a tool for modelling and experimentation. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/0954411911423346 |
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The objective of this study was to characterize the structural behaviour of the fourth-generation composite humerus under simulated physiologic bending, specifically, stiffness, rigidity, and mid-diaphysial surface strains. Three humeri were tested in four-point bending, in anatomically defined anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) planes. Stiffness and rigidity were derived using load–displacement data. Principal strains were determined at the anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral surfaces in the humeral mid-diaphysial transverse plane of one specimen using stacked rosettes. Linear structural behaviour was observed within the test range. Average stiffness and rigidity were greater in the ML (918 ± 18 N/mm; 98.4 ± 1.9 Nm2) than the AP plane (833 ± 16 N/mm; 89.3 ± 1.6 Nm2), with little inter-specimen variability. The ML/AP rigidity ratio was 1.1. Surface principal strains were similar at the anterior (5.41 µε/N) and posterior (5.43 µε/N) gauges for AP bending, and comparatively less for ML bending, i.e. 5.1 and 4.5 µε/N, at the medial and lateral gauges, respectively. This study provides novel strain and stiffness data for the fourth-generation composite humerus and also adds to published construct rigidity data. The presented results support the use of this composite bone as a tool for modelling and experimentation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0954-4119</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2041-3033</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/0954411911423346</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22320056</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London, England: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Bend tests ; Bending ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Biomechanics ; Bone Substitutes ; Bones ; Composite materials ; Computer simulation ; Diaphyses - physiology ; Elasticity ; Experimentation ; Gages ; Gauges ; Humans ; Humerus ; Humerus - anatomy & histology ; Humerus - physiology ; Load ; Measuring instruments ; Mechanical engineering ; Mechanical properties ; Models, Anatomic ; Models, Biological ; Planes ; Prostheses and Implants ; Rigidity ; Stiffness ; Strain ; Stress, Mechanical ; Tensile Strength ; Weight-Bearing</subject><ispartof>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine, 2011-12, Vol.225 (12), p.1169-1176</ispartof><rights>IMechE 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-4ae9cf3496356f990ee57ea19dd1bb9c8b3caa82bb14d986c5d80fe92016eba93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-4ae9cf3496356f990ee57ea19dd1bb9c8b3caa82bb14d986c5d80fe92016eba93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0954411911423346$$EPDF$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0954411911423346$$EHTML$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,21819,27924,27925,43621,43622</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22320056$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Grover, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Albert, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harris, G F</creatorcontrib><title>Mechanical characterization of fourth generation composite humerus</title><title>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine</title><addtitle>Proc Inst Mech Eng H</addtitle><description>Mechanical data on upper extremity surrogate bones, supporting use as biomechanical tools, is limited. The objective of this study was to characterize the structural behaviour of the fourth-generation composite humerus under simulated physiologic bending, specifically, stiffness, rigidity, and mid-diaphysial surface strains. Three humeri were tested in four-point bending, in anatomically defined anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) planes. Stiffness and rigidity were derived using load–displacement data. Principal strains were determined at the anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral surfaces in the humeral mid-diaphysial transverse plane of one specimen using stacked rosettes. Linear structural behaviour was observed within the test range. Average stiffness and rigidity were greater in the ML (918 ± 18 N/mm; 98.4 ± 1.9 Nm2) than the AP plane (833 ± 16 N/mm; 89.3 ± 1.6 Nm2), with little inter-specimen variability. The ML/AP rigidity ratio was 1.1. Surface principal strains were similar at the anterior (5.41 µε/N) and posterior (5.43 µε/N) gauges for AP bending, and comparatively less for ML bending, i.e. 5.1 and 4.5 µε/N, at the medial and lateral gauges, respectively. This study provides novel strain and stiffness data for the fourth-generation composite humerus and also adds to published construct rigidity data. The presented results support the use of this composite bone as a tool for modelling and experimentation.</description><subject>Bend tests</subject><subject>Bending</subject><subject>Biomechanical Phenomena</subject><subject>Biomechanics</subject><subject>Bone Substitutes</subject><subject>Bones</subject><subject>Composite materials</subject><subject>Computer simulation</subject><subject>Diaphyses - physiology</subject><subject>Elasticity</subject><subject>Experimentation</subject><subject>Gages</subject><subject>Gauges</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Humerus</subject><subject>Humerus - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Humerus - physiology</subject><subject>Load</subject><subject>Measuring instruments</subject><subject>Mechanical engineering</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Models, Anatomic</subject><subject>Models, Biological</subject><subject>Planes</subject><subject>Prostheses and Implants</subject><subject>Rigidity</subject><subject>Stiffness</subject><subject>Strain</subject><subject>Stress, Mechanical</subject><subject>Tensile Strength</subject><subject>Weight-Bearing</subject><issn>0954-4119</issn><issn>2041-3033</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU1PwzAMhiMEYmNw54QqcYBLwU7StDkC4ksCcYFzlabu1mltR9Ie4NeTaQOhSXCyZT9-rddm7BjhAjFNL0EnUiJqRMmFkGqHjTlIjAUIscvGq3a86o_YgfdzAEAEtc9GnAsOkKgxu34mOzNtbc0iCokztidXf5q-7tqoq6KqG1w_i6bUklsXbdcsO1_3FM2GhtzgD9leZRaejjZxwt7ubl9vHuKnl_vHm6un2Eqh-1ga0rYSUiuRqEprIEpSMqjLEotC26wQ1piMFwXKUmfKJmUGFWkOqKgwWkzY2Vp36br3gXyfN7W3tFiYlrrB55qHM6hMpYE8_5dEEfzzlKcyoKdb6Dw4boOPHLMsEVolAIGCNWVd572jKl-6ujHuI0fIV5_Itz8RRk42wkPRUPkz8H36AMRrwJsp_dr6l-AXBTCPfg</recordid><startdate>201112</startdate><enddate>201112</enddate><creator>Grover, P</creator><creator>Albert, C</creator><creator>Wang, M</creator><creator>Harris, G F</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><general>SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201112</creationdate><title>Mechanical characterization of fourth generation composite humerus</title><author>Grover, P ; Albert, C ; Wang, M ; Harris, G F</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-4ae9cf3496356f990ee57ea19dd1bb9c8b3caa82bb14d986c5d80fe92016eba93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Bend tests</topic><topic>Bending</topic><topic>Biomechanical Phenomena</topic><topic>Biomechanics</topic><topic>Bone Substitutes</topic><topic>Bones</topic><topic>Composite materials</topic><topic>Computer simulation</topic><topic>Diaphyses - physiology</topic><topic>Elasticity</topic><topic>Experimentation</topic><topic>Gages</topic><topic>Gauges</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Humerus</topic><topic>Humerus - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Humerus - physiology</topic><topic>Load</topic><topic>Measuring instruments</topic><topic>Mechanical engineering</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Models, Anatomic</topic><topic>Models, Biological</topic><topic>Planes</topic><topic>Prostheses and Implants</topic><topic>Rigidity</topic><topic>Stiffness</topic><topic>Strain</topic><topic>Stress, Mechanical</topic><topic>Tensile Strength</topic><topic>Weight-Bearing</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Grover, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Albert, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harris, G F</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Grover, P</au><au>Albert, C</au><au>Wang, M</au><au>Harris, G F</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Mechanical characterization of fourth generation composite humerus</atitle><jtitle>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Proc Inst Mech Eng H</addtitle><date>2011-12</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>225</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>1169</spage><epage>1176</epage><pages>1169-1176</pages><issn>0954-4119</issn><eissn>2041-3033</eissn><abstract>Mechanical data on upper extremity surrogate bones, supporting use as biomechanical tools, is limited. The objective of this study was to characterize the structural behaviour of the fourth-generation composite humerus under simulated physiologic bending, specifically, stiffness, rigidity, and mid-diaphysial surface strains. Three humeri were tested in four-point bending, in anatomically defined anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) planes. Stiffness and rigidity were derived using load–displacement data. Principal strains were determined at the anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral surfaces in the humeral mid-diaphysial transverse plane of one specimen using stacked rosettes. Linear structural behaviour was observed within the test range. Average stiffness and rigidity were greater in the ML (918 ± 18 N/mm; 98.4 ± 1.9 Nm2) than the AP plane (833 ± 16 N/mm; 89.3 ± 1.6 Nm2), with little inter-specimen variability. The ML/AP rigidity ratio was 1.1. Surface principal strains were similar at the anterior (5.41 µε/N) and posterior (5.43 µε/N) gauges for AP bending, and comparatively less for ML bending, i.e. 5.1 and 4.5 µε/N, at the medial and lateral gauges, respectively. This study provides novel strain and stiffness data for the fourth-generation composite humerus and also adds to published construct rigidity data. The presented results support the use of this composite bone as a tool for modelling and experimentation.</abstract><cop>London, England</cop><pub>SAGE Publications</pub><pmid>22320056</pmid><doi>10.1177/0954411911423346</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Bend tests Bending Biomechanical Phenomena Biomechanics Bone Substitutes Bones Composite materials Computer simulation Diaphyses - physiology Elasticity Experimentation Gages Gauges Humans Humerus Humerus - anatomy & histology Humerus - physiology Load Measuring instruments Mechanical engineering Mechanical properties Models, Anatomic Models, Biological Planes Prostheses and Implants Rigidity Stiffness Strain Stress, Mechanical Tensile Strength Weight-Bearing |
| title | Mechanical characterization of fourth generation composite humerus |
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