Validated Assessment Scales for the Lower Face
Background Aging in the lower face leads to lines, wrinkles, depression of the corners of the mouth, and changes in lip volume and lip shape, with increased sagging of the skin of the jawline. Refined, easy‐to‐use, validated, objective standards assessing the severity of these changes are required i...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Dermatologic surgery 2012-02, Vol.38 (2ptII), p.333-342 |
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| creator | Narins, Rhoda S. Carruthers, Jean Flynn, Timothy C. Geister, Thorin L. Görtelmeyer, Roman Hardas, Bhushan Himmrich, Silvia Jones, Derek Kerscher, Martina Maio, Maurício Mohrmann, Cornelia Pooth, Rainer Rzany, Berthold Sattler, Gerhard Buchner, Larry Benter, Ursula Breitscheidel, Lusine Carruthers, Alastair |
| description | Background
Aging in the lower face leads to lines, wrinkles, depression of the corners of the mouth, and changes in lip volume and lip shape, with increased sagging of the skin of the jawline. Refined, easy‐to‐use, validated, objective standards assessing the severity of these changes are required in clinical research and practice.
Objective
To establish the reliability of eight lower face scales assessing nasolabial folds, marionette lines, upper and lower lip fullness, lip wrinkles (at rest and dynamic), the oral commissure and jawline, aesthetic areas, and the lower face unit.
Methods and Materials
Four 5‐point rating scales were developed to objectively assess upper and lower lip wrinkles, oral commissures, and the jawline. Twelve experts rated identical lower face photographs of 50 subjects in two separate rating cycles using eight 5‐point scales. Inter‐ and intrarater reliability of responses was assessed.
Results
Interrater reliability was substantial or almost perfect for all lower face scales, aesthetic areas, and the lower face unit. Intrarater reliability was high for all scales, areas and the lower face unit.
Conclusion
Our rating scales are reliable tools for valid and reproducible assessment of the aging process in lower face areas. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2011.02247.x |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_921139729</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>921139729</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4237-99ab557851c3beaa8f2a6153f64e82d157bb1441f486b916d1e2e1b6806379873</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkE9PwkAQxTdGI4h-BdObp9ad_b8HDwRFTUg8IF4323YaS1qKXQjw7W1FOTuXmWTee5P5ERIBTaCr-2UCkolYaCYTRgESypjQyf6MDE-L826mWsVUAhuQqxCWlAKznF6SAWMcFBg7JMmHr8rcbzCPxiFgCDWuNtE88xWGqGjaaPOJ0azZYRtNfYbX5KLwVcCb3z4ii-nT--Qlnr09v07GszgTjOvYWp9KqY2EjKfovSmYVyB5oQQaloPUaQpCQCGMSi2oHJAhpMpQxbU1mo_I3TF33TZfWwwbV5chw6ryK2y2wVkGwK3u3hkRc1RmbRNCi4Vbt2Xt24MD6npYbul6Jq5n4npY7geW23fW298j27TG_GT8o9MJHo6CXVnh4d_B7nG-6Cf-DTtIdVU</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>921139729</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Validated Assessment Scales for the Lower Face</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Journals</source><source>Journals@Ovid Complete</source><creator>Narins, Rhoda S. ; Carruthers, Jean ; Flynn, Timothy C. ; Geister, Thorin L. ; Görtelmeyer, Roman ; Hardas, Bhushan ; Himmrich, Silvia ; Jones, Derek ; Kerscher, Martina ; Maio, Maurício ; Mohrmann, Cornelia ; Pooth, Rainer ; Rzany, Berthold ; Sattler, Gerhard ; Buchner, Larry ; Benter, Ursula ; Breitscheidel, Lusine ; Carruthers, Alastair</creator><creatorcontrib>Narins, Rhoda S. ; Carruthers, Jean ; Flynn, Timothy C. ; Geister, Thorin L. ; Görtelmeyer, Roman ; Hardas, Bhushan ; Himmrich, Silvia ; Jones, Derek ; Kerscher, Martina ; Maio, Maurício ; Mohrmann, Cornelia ; Pooth, Rainer ; Rzany, Berthold ; Sattler, Gerhard ; Buchner, Larry ; Benter, Ursula ; Breitscheidel, Lusine ; Carruthers, Alastair</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Aging in the lower face leads to lines, wrinkles, depression of the corners of the mouth, and changes in lip volume and lip shape, with increased sagging of the skin of the jawline. Refined, easy‐to‐use, validated, objective standards assessing the severity of these changes are required in clinical research and practice.
Objective
To establish the reliability of eight lower face scales assessing nasolabial folds, marionette lines, upper and lower lip fullness, lip wrinkles (at rest and dynamic), the oral commissure and jawline, aesthetic areas, and the lower face unit.
Methods and Materials
Four 5‐point rating scales were developed to objectively assess upper and lower lip wrinkles, oral commissures, and the jawline. Twelve experts rated identical lower face photographs of 50 subjects in two separate rating cycles using eight 5‐point scales. Inter‐ and intrarater reliability of responses was assessed.
Results
Interrater reliability was substantial or almost perfect for all lower face scales, aesthetic areas, and the lower face unit. Intrarater reliability was high for all scales, areas and the lower face unit.
Conclusion
Our rating scales are reliable tools for valid and reproducible assessment of the aging process in lower face areas.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1076-0512</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1524-4725</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2011.02247.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22316189</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Internationality ; Jaw - anatomy & histology ; Jaw - physiology ; Jaw - surgery ; Lip - anatomy & histology ; Lip - physiology ; Lip - surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasolabial Fold - anatomy & histology ; Nasolabial Fold - physiology ; Nasolabial Fold - surgery ; Observer Variation ; Photography ; Reproducibility of Results ; Rhytidoplasty ; Skin Aging - physiology</subject><ispartof>Dermatologic surgery, 2012-02, Vol.38 (2ptII), p.333-342</ispartof><rights>2012 by the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Inc. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4237-99ab557851c3beaa8f2a6153f64e82d157bb1441f486b916d1e2e1b6806379873</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4237-99ab557851c3beaa8f2a6153f64e82d157bb1441f486b916d1e2e1b6806379873</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1524-4725.2011.02247.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1524-4725.2011.02247.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22316189$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Narins, Rhoda S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carruthers, Jean</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Flynn, Timothy C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Geister, Thorin L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Görtelmeyer, Roman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hardas, Bhushan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Himmrich, Silvia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jones, Derek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kerscher, Martina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maio, Maurício</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohrmann, Cornelia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pooth, Rainer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rzany, Berthold</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sattler, Gerhard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buchner, Larry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benter, Ursula</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Breitscheidel, Lusine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carruthers, Alastair</creatorcontrib><title>Validated Assessment Scales for the Lower Face</title><title>Dermatologic surgery</title><addtitle>Dermatol Surg</addtitle><description>Background
Aging in the lower face leads to lines, wrinkles, depression of the corners of the mouth, and changes in lip volume and lip shape, with increased sagging of the skin of the jawline. Refined, easy‐to‐use, validated, objective standards assessing the severity of these changes are required in clinical research and practice.
Objective
To establish the reliability of eight lower face scales assessing nasolabial folds, marionette lines, upper and lower lip fullness, lip wrinkles (at rest and dynamic), the oral commissure and jawline, aesthetic areas, and the lower face unit.
Methods and Materials
Four 5‐point rating scales were developed to objectively assess upper and lower lip wrinkles, oral commissures, and the jawline. Twelve experts rated identical lower face photographs of 50 subjects in two separate rating cycles using eight 5‐point scales. Inter‐ and intrarater reliability of responses was assessed.
Results
Interrater reliability was substantial or almost perfect for all lower face scales, aesthetic areas, and the lower face unit. Intrarater reliability was high for all scales, areas and the lower face unit.
Conclusion
Our rating scales are reliable tools for valid and reproducible assessment of the aging process in lower face areas.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Internationality</subject><subject>Jaw - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Jaw - physiology</subject><subject>Jaw - surgery</subject><subject>Lip - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Lip - physiology</subject><subject>Lip - surgery</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nasolabial Fold - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Nasolabial Fold - physiology</subject><subject>Nasolabial Fold - surgery</subject><subject>Observer Variation</subject><subject>Photography</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Rhytidoplasty</subject><subject>Skin Aging - physiology</subject><issn>1076-0512</issn><issn>1524-4725</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkE9PwkAQxTdGI4h-BdObp9ad_b8HDwRFTUg8IF4323YaS1qKXQjw7W1FOTuXmWTee5P5ERIBTaCr-2UCkolYaCYTRgESypjQyf6MDE-L826mWsVUAhuQqxCWlAKznF6SAWMcFBg7JMmHr8rcbzCPxiFgCDWuNtE88xWGqGjaaPOJ0azZYRtNfYbX5KLwVcCb3z4ii-nT--Qlnr09v07GszgTjOvYWp9KqY2EjKfovSmYVyB5oQQaloPUaQpCQCGMSi2oHJAhpMpQxbU1mo_I3TF33TZfWwwbV5chw6ryK2y2wVkGwK3u3hkRc1RmbRNCi4Vbt2Xt24MD6npYbul6Jq5n4npY7geW23fW298j27TG_GT8o9MJHo6CXVnh4d_B7nG-6Cf-DTtIdVU</recordid><startdate>201202</startdate><enddate>201202</enddate><creator>Narins, Rhoda S.</creator><creator>Carruthers, Jean</creator><creator>Flynn, Timothy C.</creator><creator>Geister, Thorin L.</creator><creator>Görtelmeyer, Roman</creator><creator>Hardas, Bhushan</creator><creator>Himmrich, Silvia</creator><creator>Jones, Derek</creator><creator>Kerscher, Martina</creator><creator>Maio, Maurício</creator><creator>Mohrmann, Cornelia</creator><creator>Pooth, Rainer</creator><creator>Rzany, Berthold</creator><creator>Sattler, Gerhard</creator><creator>Buchner, Larry</creator><creator>Benter, Ursula</creator><creator>Breitscheidel, Lusine</creator><creator>Carruthers, Alastair</creator><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201202</creationdate><title>Validated Assessment Scales for the Lower Face</title><author>Narins, Rhoda S. ; Carruthers, Jean ; Flynn, Timothy C. ; Geister, Thorin L. ; Görtelmeyer, Roman ; Hardas, Bhushan ; Himmrich, Silvia ; Jones, Derek ; Kerscher, Martina ; Maio, Maurício ; Mohrmann, Cornelia ; Pooth, Rainer ; Rzany, Berthold ; Sattler, Gerhard ; Buchner, Larry ; Benter, Ursula ; Breitscheidel, Lusine ; Carruthers, Alastair</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4237-99ab557851c3beaa8f2a6153f64e82d157bb1441f486b916d1e2e1b6806379873</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Internationality</topic><topic>Jaw - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Jaw - physiology</topic><topic>Jaw - surgery</topic><topic>Lip - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Lip - physiology</topic><topic>Lip - surgery</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nasolabial Fold - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Nasolabial Fold - physiology</topic><topic>Nasolabial Fold - surgery</topic><topic>Observer Variation</topic><topic>Photography</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>Rhytidoplasty</topic><topic>Skin Aging - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Narins, Rhoda S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carruthers, Jean</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Flynn, Timothy C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Geister, Thorin L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Görtelmeyer, Roman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hardas, Bhushan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Himmrich, Silvia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jones, Derek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kerscher, Martina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maio, Maurício</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohrmann, Cornelia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pooth, Rainer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rzany, Berthold</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sattler, Gerhard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buchner, Larry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benter, Ursula</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Breitscheidel, Lusine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carruthers, Alastair</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Dermatologic surgery</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Narins, Rhoda S.</au><au>Carruthers, Jean</au><au>Flynn, Timothy C.</au><au>Geister, Thorin L.</au><au>Görtelmeyer, Roman</au><au>Hardas, Bhushan</au><au>Himmrich, Silvia</au><au>Jones, Derek</au><au>Kerscher, Martina</au><au>Maio, Maurício</au><au>Mohrmann, Cornelia</au><au>Pooth, Rainer</au><au>Rzany, Berthold</au><au>Sattler, Gerhard</au><au>Buchner, Larry</au><au>Benter, Ursula</au><au>Breitscheidel, Lusine</au><au>Carruthers, Alastair</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Validated Assessment Scales for the Lower Face</atitle><jtitle>Dermatologic surgery</jtitle><addtitle>Dermatol Surg</addtitle><date>2012-02</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>38</volume><issue>2ptII</issue><spage>333</spage><epage>342</epage><pages>333-342</pages><issn>1076-0512</issn><eissn>1524-4725</eissn><abstract>Background
Aging in the lower face leads to lines, wrinkles, depression of the corners of the mouth, and changes in lip volume and lip shape, with increased sagging of the skin of the jawline. Refined, easy‐to‐use, validated, objective standards assessing the severity of these changes are required in clinical research and practice.
Objective
To establish the reliability of eight lower face scales assessing nasolabial folds, marionette lines, upper and lower lip fullness, lip wrinkles (at rest and dynamic), the oral commissure and jawline, aesthetic areas, and the lower face unit.
Methods and Materials
Four 5‐point rating scales were developed to objectively assess upper and lower lip wrinkles, oral commissures, and the jawline. Twelve experts rated identical lower face photographs of 50 subjects in two separate rating cycles using eight 5‐point scales. Inter‐ and intrarater reliability of responses was assessed.
Results
Interrater reliability was substantial or almost perfect for all lower face scales, aesthetic areas, and the lower face unit. Intrarater reliability was high for all scales, areas and the lower face unit.
Conclusion
Our rating scales are reliable tools for valid and reproducible assessment of the aging process in lower face areas.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pmid>22316189</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1524-4725.2011.02247.x</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1076-0512 |
| ispartof | Dermatologic surgery, 2012-02, Vol.38 (2ptII), p.333-342 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Journals; Journals@Ovid Complete |
| subjects | Adult Aged Female Humans Internationality Jaw - anatomy & histology Jaw - physiology Jaw - surgery Lip - anatomy & histology Lip - physiology Lip - surgery Male Middle Aged Nasolabial Fold - anatomy & histology Nasolabial Fold - physiology Nasolabial Fold - surgery Observer Variation Photography Reproducibility of Results Rhytidoplasty Skin Aging - physiology |
| title | Validated Assessment Scales for the Lower Face |
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