Human Leucocytes Response to Viable, Extended Freeze-Drying or Heat-Killed Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin

We investigated the effects of viable, extended freeze‐drying (EFD) or heat‐killed (HK) Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) in respiratory burst activity, gene expression of CYBB and NCF1 encoding components of the human phagocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADPH) oxidase, TLR2 expression, and in IL‐10 and TNF‐α cytokine production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Viable BCG significantly inhibited TLR2 and CYBB gene expression, as well as superoxide release by human PBMC. All BCG stimuli augmented IL‐10 release, but only HK BCG or viable BCG increased TNF‐α release by PBMCs. Our studies show that viable BCG can impair the NADPH oxidase system activation and the TLR2 route in human PBMCs. As well, different BCG preparations can distinctly influence cytokine production by human PBMCs.