Attentional bias in post-traumatic stress disorder diminishes after symptom amelioration
Avoidance and hypervigilance to reminders of a traumatic event are among the main characteristics of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Attentional bias toward aversive cues in PTSD has been hypothesized as being part of the dysfunction causing etiology and maintenance of PTSD. The aim of the pr...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Behaviour research and therapy 2011-11, Vol.49 (11), p.796-801 |
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| creator | El Khoury-Malhame, Myriam Lanteaume, Laura Beetz, Eva Maria Roques, Jacques Reynaud, Emmanuelle Samuelian, Jean-Claude Blin, Olivier Garcia, René Khalfa, Stephanie |
| description | Avoidance and hypervigilance to reminders of a traumatic event are among the main characteristics of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Attentional bias toward aversive cues in PTSD has been hypothesized as being part of the dysfunction causing etiology and maintenance of PTSD. The aim of the present study was to investigate the cognitive strategy underlying attentional bias in PTSD and whether normal cognitive processing is restored after a treatment suppressing core PTSD symptoms.
Nineteen healthy controls were matched for age, sex and education to 19 PTSD patients. We used the emotional stroop and detection of target tasks, before and after an average of 4.1 sessions of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy.
We found that on both tasks, patients were slower than controls in responding in the presence of emotionally negative words compared to neutral ones. After symptoms removal, patients no longer had attentional bias, and responded similarly to controls.
These results support the existence of an attentional bias in PTSD patients due to a disengagement difficulty. There was also preliminary evidence that the disengagement was linked to PTSD symptomatology. It should be further explored whether attentional bias and PTSD involve common brain mechanisms.
► We monitored attentional bias in PTSD patients before and after symptom removal. ► Patients and healthy controls are tested on e-Stroop and DOT tasks. ► PTSD are slower than controls on threatening words in e-Stroop and show a disengagement bias in DOT. ► Attentional bias in patients correlates to symptomatology and diminish after treatment. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.brat.2011.08.006 |
| format | Article |
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Nineteen healthy controls were matched for age, sex and education to 19 PTSD patients. We used the emotional stroop and detection of target tasks, before and after an average of 4.1 sessions of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy.
We found that on both tasks, patients were slower than controls in responding in the presence of emotionally negative words compared to neutral ones. After symptoms removal, patients no longer had attentional bias, and responded similarly to controls.
These results support the existence of an attentional bias in PTSD patients due to a disengagement difficulty. There was also preliminary evidence that the disengagement was linked to PTSD symptomatology. It should be further explored whether attentional bias and PTSD involve common brain mechanisms.
► We monitored attentional bias in PTSD patients before and after symptom removal. ► Patients and healthy controls are tested on e-Stroop and DOT tasks. ► PTSD are slower than controls on threatening words in e-Stroop and show a disengagement bias in DOT. ► Attentional bias in patients correlates to symptomatology and diminish after treatment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0005-7967</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-622X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2011.08.006</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21924404</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BRTHAA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Adult ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Aetiology ; Anxiety disorders. Neuroses ; Attention ; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ; Attentional bias ; Bias ; Biological and medical sciences ; Case-Control Studies ; Cognition ; Cognition & reasoning ; Detection of target (DOT) ; Disengagement ; Dysfunction ; Emotional stroop ; Emotions ; Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) ; Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing - methods ; Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing - statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Post traumatic stress disorder ; Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) ; Posttraumatic stress disorder ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychomotor Performance ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Psychotherapy ; Reaction Time ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - therapy ; Symptoms</subject><ispartof>Behaviour research and therapy, 2011-11, Vol.49 (11), p.796-801</ispartof><rights>2011 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Pergamon Press Inc. Nov 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c508t-163b85910c68333377dff844f9e909fddae3b0b483f9a285ca033b0b85912a63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c508t-163b85910c68333377dff844f9e909fddae3b0b483f9a285ca033b0b85912a63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005796711001859$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,30976,30977,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=24616059$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21924404$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>El Khoury-Malhame, Myriam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lanteaume, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beetz, Eva Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roques, Jacques</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reynaud, Emmanuelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Samuelian, Jean-Claude</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blin, Olivier</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garcia, René</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khalfa, Stephanie</creatorcontrib><title>Attentional bias in post-traumatic stress disorder diminishes after symptom amelioration</title><title>Behaviour research and therapy</title><addtitle>Behav Res Ther</addtitle><description>Avoidance and hypervigilance to reminders of a traumatic event are among the main characteristics of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Attentional bias toward aversive cues in PTSD has been hypothesized as being part of the dysfunction causing etiology and maintenance of PTSD. The aim of the present study was to investigate the cognitive strategy underlying attentional bias in PTSD and whether normal cognitive processing is restored after a treatment suppressing core PTSD symptoms.
Nineteen healthy controls were matched for age, sex and education to 19 PTSD patients. We used the emotional stroop and detection of target tasks, before and after an average of 4.1 sessions of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy.
We found that on both tasks, patients were slower than controls in responding in the presence of emotionally negative words compared to neutral ones. After symptoms removal, patients no longer had attentional bias, and responded similarly to controls.
These results support the existence of an attentional bias in PTSD patients due to a disengagement difficulty. There was also preliminary evidence that the disengagement was linked to PTSD symptomatology. It should be further explored whether attentional bias and PTSD involve common brain mechanisms.
► We monitored attentional bias in PTSD patients before and after symptom removal. ► Patients and healthy controls are tested on e-Stroop and DOT tasks. ► PTSD are slower than controls on threatening words in e-Stroop and show a disengagement bias in DOT. ► Attentional bias in patients correlates to symptomatology and diminish after treatment.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Aetiology</subject><subject>Anxiety disorders. Neuroses</subject><subject>Attention</subject><subject>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder</subject><subject>Attentional bias</subject><subject>Bias</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Cognition</subject><subject>Cognition & reasoning</subject><subject>Detection of target (DOT)</subject><subject>Disengagement</subject><subject>Dysfunction</subject><subject>Emotional stroop</subject><subject>Emotions</subject><subject>Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)</subject><subject>Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing - methods</subject><subject>Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Post traumatic stress disorder</subject><subject>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)</subject><subject>Posttraumatic stress disorder</subject><subject>Psychiatric Status Rating Scales</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychomotor Performance</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychotherapy</subject><subject>Reaction Time</subject><subject>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis</subject><subject>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology</subject><subject>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - therapy</subject><subject>Symptoms</subject><issn>0005-7967</issn><issn>1873-622X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU1r3DAQhkVoSLZp_0APxRRKT3ZHsixL0EsI_QgEeskhNyHLEtViW1uNXMi_j8xuW-ih0UWa4ZmXQQ8hbyg0FKj4uG-GZHLDgNIGZAMgzsiOyr6tBWMPL8gOALq6V6K_JC8R96VsJYMLcsmoYpwD35GH65zdkkNczFQNwWAVluoQMdc5mXU2OdgKc3KI1RgwptGl8pjDEvCHw8r4XBr4OB9ynCszuynEslOJe0XOvZnQvT7dV-T-y-f7m2_13fevtzfXd7XtQOaainaQnaJghWzL6fvRe8m5V06B8uNoXDvAwGXrlWGyswbarbHNMCPaK_LhGHtI8efqMOs5oHXTZBYXV9SKKiVUJ_rnSeBcghTds6RUQjLVdhv57h9yH9dUvnKDei47TqFA7AjZFBGT8_qQwmzSo6agN5F6rzeRehOpQeoisgy9PSWvw-zGPyO_zRXg_QkwaM3kk1lswL8cF1RApwr36ci5IuFXcEmjDW6xbgzJ2azHGP63xxNEhbuA</recordid><startdate>20111101</startdate><enddate>20111101</enddate><creator>El Khoury-Malhame, Myriam</creator><creator>Lanteaume, Laura</creator><creator>Beetz, Eva Maria</creator><creator>Roques, Jacques</creator><creator>Reynaud, Emmanuelle</creator><creator>Samuelian, Jean-Claude</creator><creator>Blin, Olivier</creator><creator>Garcia, René</creator><creator>Khalfa, Stephanie</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><general>Elsevier Science Ltd</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20111101</creationdate><title>Attentional bias in post-traumatic stress disorder diminishes after symptom amelioration</title><author>El Khoury-Malhame, Myriam ; Lanteaume, Laura ; Beetz, Eva Maria ; Roques, Jacques ; Reynaud, Emmanuelle ; Samuelian, Jean-Claude ; Blin, Olivier ; Garcia, René ; Khalfa, Stephanie</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c508t-163b85910c68333377dff844f9e909fddae3b0b483f9a285ca033b0b85912a63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>Aetiology</topic><topic>Anxiety disorders. Neuroses</topic><topic>Attention</topic><topic>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder</topic><topic>Attentional bias</topic><topic>Bias</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Cognition</topic><topic>Cognition & reasoning</topic><topic>Detection of target (DOT)</topic><topic>Disengagement</topic><topic>Dysfunction</topic><topic>Emotional stroop</topic><topic>Emotions</topic><topic>Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)</topic><topic>Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing - methods</topic><topic>Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Post traumatic stress disorder</topic><topic>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)</topic><topic>Posttraumatic stress disorder</topic><topic>Psychiatric Status Rating Scales</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychomotor Performance</topic><topic>Psychopathology. 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Attentional bias toward aversive cues in PTSD has been hypothesized as being part of the dysfunction causing etiology and maintenance of PTSD. The aim of the present study was to investigate the cognitive strategy underlying attentional bias in PTSD and whether normal cognitive processing is restored after a treatment suppressing core PTSD symptoms.
Nineteen healthy controls were matched for age, sex and education to 19 PTSD patients. We used the emotional stroop and detection of target tasks, before and after an average of 4.1 sessions of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy.
We found that on both tasks, patients were slower than controls in responding in the presence of emotionally negative words compared to neutral ones. After symptoms removal, patients no longer had attentional bias, and responded similarly to controls.
These results support the existence of an attentional bias in PTSD patients due to a disengagement difficulty. There was also preliminary evidence that the disengagement was linked to PTSD symptomatology. It should be further explored whether attentional bias and PTSD involve common brain mechanisms.
► We monitored attentional bias in PTSD patients before and after symptom removal. ► Patients and healthy controls are tested on e-Stroop and DOT tasks. ► PTSD are slower than controls on threatening words in e-Stroop and show a disengagement bias in DOT. ► Attentional bias in patients correlates to symptomatology and diminish after treatment.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>21924404</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.brat.2011.08.006</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Adult and adolescent clinical studies Aetiology Anxiety disorders. Neuroses Attention Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Attentional bias Bias Biological and medical sciences Case-Control Studies Cognition Cognition & reasoning Detection of target (DOT) Disengagement Dysfunction Emotional stroop Emotions Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing - methods Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing - statistics & numerical data Female Humans Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Post traumatic stress disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Posttraumatic stress disorder Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychomotor Performance Psychopathology. Psychiatry Psychotherapy Reaction Time Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - therapy Symptoms |
| title | Attentional bias in post-traumatic stress disorder diminishes after symptom amelioration |
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