Contributing to local policy making on GHG emission reduction through inventorying and attribution: A case study of Shenyang, China

Cities consumed 84% of commercial energy in China, which indicates cities should be the main areas for GHG emissions reduction. Our case study of Shenyang in this paper shows how a clear inventory analysis on GHG emissions at city level can help to identify the major industries and societal sectors for reduction efforts so as to facilitate low-carbon policy-making. The results showed total carbon emission in 2007 was 57 Mt CO 2 equivalents (CO 2e), of which 41 Mt CO 2e was in-boundary emissions and 16 Mt CO 2e was out-of-boundary emissions. The energy sector was dominant in the emission inventory, accounting for 93.1% of total emissions. Within energy sector, emissions from energy production industry, manufacturing and construction industry accounted for 88.4% of this sector. Our analysis showed that comparing with geographical boundary, setting system boundary based on single process standard could provide better information to decision makers for carbon emission reduction. After attributing electricity and heating consumption to final users, the resident and commercial sector became the largest emitter, accounting for 28.5% of total emissions. Spatial analysis of emissions showed that industrial districts such as Shenbei and Tiexi had the large potential to reduce their carbon emissions. Implications of results are finally discussed. ► An inventory analysis can help identify key industries and societal sectors for reduction efforts. ► Setting system boundary can provide better information for carbon emission reduction. ► Urban districts with heavy industrial plants have potential to reduce their carbon emissions. ► Policies that support urban energy structure optimization can accelerate low-carbon development.