Targeted delivery of liposomal nanocontainers to the peritumoral zone of glioma by means of monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and the extracellular loop of Cx43

Abstract The selectivity of PEGylated immunoliposomes based on monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and the E2 extracellular loop of connexin 43 (MAbE2Cx43) with respect to the focus of a glioma was estimated in experiments on animals with intracranial C6 glioma. Stealth immunoliposomes were labeled w...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Nanomedicine 2012, Vol.8 (1), p.63-70
Hauptverfasser: Chekhonin, Vladimir P., MD, PhD, ScD, Baklaushev, Vladimir P., MD, PhD, Yusubalieva, Gaukhar M., MD, PhD, Belorusova, Anastasia E., PhD, Gulyaev, Michael V, Tsitrin, Eugene B, Grinenko, Nadezhda F., PhD, Gurina, Olga I., MD, PhD, ScD, Pirogov, Yuriy A., PhD, ScD
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 70
container_issue 1
container_start_page 63
container_title Nanomedicine
container_volume 8
creator Chekhonin, Vladimir P., MD, PhD, ScD
Baklaushev, Vladimir P., MD, PhD
Yusubalieva, Gaukhar M., MD, PhD
Belorusova, Anastasia E., PhD
Gulyaev, Michael V
Tsitrin, Eugene B
Grinenko, Nadezhda F., PhD
Gurina, Olga I., MD, PhD, ScD
Pirogov, Yuriy A., PhD, ScD
description Abstract The selectivity of PEGylated immunoliposomes based on monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and the E2 extracellular loop of connexin 43 (MAbE2Cx43) with respect to the focus of a glioma was estimated in experiments on animals with intracranial C6 glioma. Stealth immunoliposomes were labeled with 2 alternative labels, a fluorescent (Dil C18) and a paramagnetic (Gd–DTPA) one. Fluorescent-labeled liposomal nanocontainers were detected at the periphery of the glioma, where the target antigens were overexpressed, 48 hours after injection. Dynamic T1 MRI of rats injected with paramagnetic immunoliposomes carrying MAbE2Cx43 showed distinct accumulation of the paramagnetic contrast agent at the periphery of the glioma, which began 6 hours after administration. These data suggest that immunoliposomal nanocontainers based on antibodies against GFAP and the E2 extracellular fragment of connexin 43 are suitable for targeted delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic drugs to the peritumoral invasion zone of high-grade gliomas. From the Clinical Editor PEGylated immunoliposomes based on monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and the E2 extracellular loop of connexin 43 were investigated in animals with intracranial C6 glioma. These immunoliposomal nanocontainers were found suitable for targeted delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic drugs to the peritumoral invasion zone of high-grade gliomas.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.nano.2011.05.011
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_918071401</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>1_s2_0_S1549963411001833</els_id><sourcerecordid>918071401</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-ff574211da84c2f243dacd0f56d81e1c26e8a1b61604a6ff1987bd583ff5292f3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9ks9u1DAQxiMEoqXwAhyQb5w29TjOPwkhVStaKlUCiXK2HHuyeHHsYDtVl7fhTXHY0gMHTmONvt_nsb8pitdAS6DQnO9LJ50vGQUoaV3m8qQ4hZr3m77h7OnjueInxYsY95RWLaX98-KEQUurvofT4tetDDtMqIlGa-4wHIgfiTWzj36Slqw3KO-SNA5DJMmT9A3JjMGkZfIhK356hyuzsyYTZDiQCaWLa2vyGbbeZZV0yQxeG4xE7rJZTOTq8uJz7us_jnifglRo7WJlINb7eTXY3vPqZfFslDbiq4d6Vny9_HC7_bi5-XR1vb242SjOWdqMY91yBqBlxxUbGa-0VJqOdaM7QFCswU7C0EBDuWzGEfquHXTdVRlkPRurs-Lt0XcO_seCMYnJxHUi6dAvUfTQ0RY4haxkR6UKPsaAo5iDmWQ4CKBiTUbsxfpvYk1G0FrkkqE3D_bLMKF-RP5GkQXvjgLMj7wzGERUBp1CbQKqJLQ3__d__w-urHFGSfsdDxj3fgk5hyhARCao-LLuxroaAJRCV1XVb0BGtzk</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>918071401</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Targeted delivery of liposomal nanocontainers to the peritumoral zone of glioma by means of monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and the extracellular loop of Cx43</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier)</source><creator>Chekhonin, Vladimir P., MD, PhD, ScD ; Baklaushev, Vladimir P., MD, PhD ; Yusubalieva, Gaukhar M., MD, PhD ; Belorusova, Anastasia E., PhD ; Gulyaev, Michael V ; Tsitrin, Eugene B ; Grinenko, Nadezhda F., PhD ; Gurina, Olga I., MD, PhD, ScD ; Pirogov, Yuriy A., PhD, ScD</creator><creatorcontrib>Chekhonin, Vladimir P., MD, PhD, ScD ; Baklaushev, Vladimir P., MD, PhD ; Yusubalieva, Gaukhar M., MD, PhD ; Belorusova, Anastasia E., PhD ; Gulyaev, Michael V ; Tsitrin, Eugene B ; Grinenko, Nadezhda F., PhD ; Gurina, Olga I., MD, PhD, ScD ; Pirogov, Yuriy A., PhD, ScD</creatorcontrib><description>Abstract The selectivity of PEGylated immunoliposomes based on monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and the E2 extracellular loop of connexin 43 (MAbE2Cx43) with respect to the focus of a glioma was estimated in experiments on animals with intracranial C6 glioma. Stealth immunoliposomes were labeled with 2 alternative labels, a fluorescent (Dil C18) and a paramagnetic (Gd–DTPA) one. Fluorescent-labeled liposomal nanocontainers were detected at the periphery of the glioma, where the target antigens were overexpressed, 48 hours after injection. Dynamic T1 MRI of rats injected with paramagnetic immunoliposomes carrying MAbE2Cx43 showed distinct accumulation of the paramagnetic contrast agent at the periphery of the glioma, which began 6 hours after administration. These data suggest that immunoliposomal nanocontainers based on antibodies against GFAP and the E2 extracellular fragment of connexin 43 are suitable for targeted delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic drugs to the peritumoral invasion zone of high-grade gliomas. From the Clinical Editor PEGylated immunoliposomes based on monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and the E2 extracellular loop of connexin 43 were investigated in animals with intracranial C6 glioma. These immunoliposomal nanocontainers were found suitable for targeted delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic drugs to the peritumoral invasion zone of high-grade gliomas.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1549-9634</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1549-9642</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2011.05.011</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21703991</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal - administration &amp; dosage ; Antibodies, Monoclonal - chemistry ; Antibodies, Monoclonal - immunology ; Brain Neoplasms - immunology ; Brain Neoplasms - pathology ; Connexin 43 - immunology ; Connexin-43 ; Drug Carriers - chemical synthesis ; Female ; Gadolinium DTPA - chemistry ; GFAP ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein - immunology ; Glioma - immunology ; Glioma - pathology ; Immunoliposomes ; Internal Medicine ; Liposomes - administration &amp; dosage ; Liposomes - chemical synthesis ; Liposomes - immunology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Monoclonal antibodies ; Nanoparticles - administration &amp; dosage ; Nanoparticles - chemistry ; Neoplasms, Experimental - chemistry ; Neoplasms, Experimental - immunology ; Polyethylene Glycols - chemistry ; Rats ; Targeted delivery</subject><ispartof>Nanomedicine, 2012, Vol.8 (1), p.63-70</ispartof><rights>Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2012 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-ff574211da84c2f243dacd0f56d81e1c26e8a1b61604a6ff1987bd583ff5292f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-ff574211da84c2f243dacd0f56d81e1c26e8a1b61604a6ff1987bd583ff5292f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2011.05.011$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,4024,27923,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21703991$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chekhonin, Vladimir P., MD, PhD, ScD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baklaushev, Vladimir P., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yusubalieva, Gaukhar M., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Belorusova, Anastasia E., PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gulyaev, Michael V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsitrin, Eugene B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grinenko, Nadezhda F., PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gurina, Olga I., MD, PhD, ScD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pirogov, Yuriy A., PhD, ScD</creatorcontrib><title>Targeted delivery of liposomal nanocontainers to the peritumoral zone of glioma by means of monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and the extracellular loop of Cx43</title><title>Nanomedicine</title><addtitle>Nanomedicine</addtitle><description>Abstract The selectivity of PEGylated immunoliposomes based on monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and the E2 extracellular loop of connexin 43 (MAbE2Cx43) with respect to the focus of a glioma was estimated in experiments on animals with intracranial C6 glioma. Stealth immunoliposomes were labeled with 2 alternative labels, a fluorescent (Dil C18) and a paramagnetic (Gd–DTPA) one. Fluorescent-labeled liposomal nanocontainers were detected at the periphery of the glioma, where the target antigens were overexpressed, 48 hours after injection. Dynamic T1 MRI of rats injected with paramagnetic immunoliposomes carrying MAbE2Cx43 showed distinct accumulation of the paramagnetic contrast agent at the periphery of the glioma, which began 6 hours after administration. These data suggest that immunoliposomal nanocontainers based on antibodies against GFAP and the E2 extracellular fragment of connexin 43 are suitable for targeted delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic drugs to the peritumoral invasion zone of high-grade gliomas. From the Clinical Editor PEGylated immunoliposomes based on monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and the E2 extracellular loop of connexin 43 were investigated in animals with intracranial C6 glioma. These immunoliposomal nanocontainers were found suitable for targeted delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic drugs to the peritumoral invasion zone of high-grade gliomas.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antibodies, Monoclonal - administration &amp; dosage</subject><subject>Antibodies, Monoclonal - chemistry</subject><subject>Antibodies, Monoclonal - immunology</subject><subject>Brain Neoplasms - immunology</subject><subject>Brain Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Connexin 43 - immunology</subject><subject>Connexin-43</subject><subject>Drug Carriers - chemical synthesis</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gadolinium DTPA - chemistry</subject><subject>GFAP</subject><subject>Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein - immunology</subject><subject>Glioma - immunology</subject><subject>Glioma - pathology</subject><subject>Immunoliposomes</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Liposomes - administration &amp; dosage</subject><subject>Liposomes - chemical synthesis</subject><subject>Liposomes - immunology</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</subject><subject>Monoclonal antibodies</subject><subject>Nanoparticles - administration &amp; dosage</subject><subject>Nanoparticles - chemistry</subject><subject>Neoplasms, Experimental - chemistry</subject><subject>Neoplasms, Experimental - immunology</subject><subject>Polyethylene Glycols - chemistry</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Targeted delivery</subject><issn>1549-9634</issn><issn>1549-9642</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9ks9u1DAQxiMEoqXwAhyQb5w29TjOPwkhVStaKlUCiXK2HHuyeHHsYDtVl7fhTXHY0gMHTmONvt_nsb8pitdAS6DQnO9LJ50vGQUoaV3m8qQ4hZr3m77h7OnjueInxYsY95RWLaX98-KEQUurvofT4tetDDtMqIlGa-4wHIgfiTWzj36Slqw3KO-SNA5DJMmT9A3JjMGkZfIhK356hyuzsyYTZDiQCaWLa2vyGbbeZZV0yQxeG4xE7rJZTOTq8uJz7us_jnifglRo7WJlINb7eTXY3vPqZfFslDbiq4d6Vny9_HC7_bi5-XR1vb242SjOWdqMY91yBqBlxxUbGa-0VJqOdaM7QFCswU7C0EBDuWzGEfquHXTdVRlkPRurs-Lt0XcO_seCMYnJxHUi6dAvUfTQ0RY4haxkR6UKPsaAo5iDmWQ4CKBiTUbsxfpvYk1G0FrkkqE3D_bLMKF-RP5GkQXvjgLMj7wzGERUBp1CbQKqJLQ3__d__w-urHFGSfsdDxj3fgk5hyhARCao-LLuxroaAJRCV1XVb0BGtzk</recordid><startdate>2012</startdate><enddate>2012</enddate><creator>Chekhonin, Vladimir P., MD, PhD, ScD</creator><creator>Baklaushev, Vladimir P., MD, PhD</creator><creator>Yusubalieva, Gaukhar M., MD, PhD</creator><creator>Belorusova, Anastasia E., PhD</creator><creator>Gulyaev, Michael V</creator><creator>Tsitrin, Eugene B</creator><creator>Grinenko, Nadezhda F., PhD</creator><creator>Gurina, Olga I., MD, PhD, ScD</creator><creator>Pirogov, Yuriy A., PhD, ScD</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2012</creationdate><title>Targeted delivery of liposomal nanocontainers to the peritumoral zone of glioma by means of monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and the extracellular loop of Cx43</title><author>Chekhonin, Vladimir P., MD, PhD, ScD ; Baklaushev, Vladimir P., MD, PhD ; Yusubalieva, Gaukhar M., MD, PhD ; Belorusova, Anastasia E., PhD ; Gulyaev, Michael V ; Tsitrin, Eugene B ; Grinenko, Nadezhda F., PhD ; Gurina, Olga I., MD, PhD, ScD ; Pirogov, Yuriy A., PhD, ScD</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-ff574211da84c2f243dacd0f56d81e1c26e8a1b61604a6ff1987bd583ff5292f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antibodies, Monoclonal - administration &amp; dosage</topic><topic>Antibodies, Monoclonal - chemistry</topic><topic>Antibodies, Monoclonal - immunology</topic><topic>Brain Neoplasms - immunology</topic><topic>Brain Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Connexin 43 - immunology</topic><topic>Connexin-43</topic><topic>Drug Carriers - chemical synthesis</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gadolinium DTPA - chemistry</topic><topic>GFAP</topic><topic>Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein - immunology</topic><topic>Glioma - immunology</topic><topic>Glioma - pathology</topic><topic>Immunoliposomes</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Liposomes - administration &amp; dosage</topic><topic>Liposomes - chemical synthesis</topic><topic>Liposomes - immunology</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</topic><topic>Monoclonal antibodies</topic><topic>Nanoparticles - administration &amp; dosage</topic><topic>Nanoparticles - chemistry</topic><topic>Neoplasms, Experimental - chemistry</topic><topic>Neoplasms, Experimental - immunology</topic><topic>Polyethylene Glycols - chemistry</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Targeted delivery</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chekhonin, Vladimir P., MD, PhD, ScD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baklaushev, Vladimir P., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yusubalieva, Gaukhar M., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Belorusova, Anastasia E., PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gulyaev, Michael V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsitrin, Eugene B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grinenko, Nadezhda F., PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gurina, Olga I., MD, PhD, ScD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pirogov, Yuriy A., PhD, ScD</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Nanomedicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chekhonin, Vladimir P., MD, PhD, ScD</au><au>Baklaushev, Vladimir P., MD, PhD</au><au>Yusubalieva, Gaukhar M., MD, PhD</au><au>Belorusova, Anastasia E., PhD</au><au>Gulyaev, Michael V</au><au>Tsitrin, Eugene B</au><au>Grinenko, Nadezhda F., PhD</au><au>Gurina, Olga I., MD, PhD, ScD</au><au>Pirogov, Yuriy A., PhD, ScD</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Targeted delivery of liposomal nanocontainers to the peritumoral zone of glioma by means of monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and the extracellular loop of Cx43</atitle><jtitle>Nanomedicine</jtitle><addtitle>Nanomedicine</addtitle><date>2012</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>63</spage><epage>70</epage><pages>63-70</pages><issn>1549-9634</issn><eissn>1549-9642</eissn><abstract>Abstract The selectivity of PEGylated immunoliposomes based on monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and the E2 extracellular loop of connexin 43 (MAbE2Cx43) with respect to the focus of a glioma was estimated in experiments on animals with intracranial C6 glioma. Stealth immunoliposomes were labeled with 2 alternative labels, a fluorescent (Dil C18) and a paramagnetic (Gd–DTPA) one. Fluorescent-labeled liposomal nanocontainers were detected at the periphery of the glioma, where the target antigens were overexpressed, 48 hours after injection. Dynamic T1 MRI of rats injected with paramagnetic immunoliposomes carrying MAbE2Cx43 showed distinct accumulation of the paramagnetic contrast agent at the periphery of the glioma, which began 6 hours after administration. These data suggest that immunoliposomal nanocontainers based on antibodies against GFAP and the E2 extracellular fragment of connexin 43 are suitable for targeted delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic drugs to the peritumoral invasion zone of high-grade gliomas. From the Clinical Editor PEGylated immunoliposomes based on monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and the E2 extracellular loop of connexin 43 were investigated in animals with intracranial C6 glioma. These immunoliposomal nanocontainers were found suitable for targeted delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic drugs to the peritumoral invasion zone of high-grade gliomas.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>21703991</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.nano.2011.05.011</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 1549-9634
ispartof Nanomedicine, 2012, Vol.8 (1), p.63-70
issn 1549-9634
1549-9642
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_918071401
source MEDLINE; Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier)
subjects Animals
Antibodies, Monoclonal - administration & dosage
Antibodies, Monoclonal - chemistry
Antibodies, Monoclonal - immunology
Brain Neoplasms - immunology
Brain Neoplasms - pathology
Connexin 43 - immunology
Connexin-43
Drug Carriers - chemical synthesis
Female
Gadolinium DTPA - chemistry
GFAP
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein - immunology
Glioma - immunology
Glioma - pathology
Immunoliposomes
Internal Medicine
Liposomes - administration & dosage
Liposomes - chemical synthesis
Liposomes - immunology
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Monoclonal antibodies
Nanoparticles - administration & dosage
Nanoparticles - chemistry
Neoplasms, Experimental - chemistry
Neoplasms, Experimental - immunology
Polyethylene Glycols - chemistry
Rats
Targeted delivery
title Targeted delivery of liposomal nanocontainers to the peritumoral zone of glioma by means of monoclonal antibodies against GFAP and the extracellular loop of Cx43
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-29T10%3A59%3A00IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Targeted%20delivery%20of%20liposomal%20nanocontainers%20to%20the%20peritumoral%20zone%20of%20glioma%20by%20means%20of%20monoclonal%20antibodies%20against%20GFAP%20and%20the%20extracellular%20loop%20of%20Cx43&rft.jtitle=Nanomedicine&rft.au=Chekhonin,%20Vladimir%20P.,%20MD,%20PhD,%20ScD&rft.date=2012&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.epage=70&rft.pages=63-70&rft.issn=1549-9634&rft.eissn=1549-9642&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.nano.2011.05.011&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E918071401%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=918071401&rft_id=info:pmid/21703991&rft_els_id=1_s2_0_S1549963411001833&rfr_iscdi=true