Number of children and all-cause mortality risk: results from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
Background: The mean total birth rate of the world had been gradually decreasing, with the rate in Japan now at its lowest level internationally. From a public health perspective, it is important to determine the impact of the number of children on all-cause mortality. Methods: A total of 96 311 ind...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European journal of public health 2011-12, Vol.21 (6), p.732-737 |
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| creator | Tamakoshi, Akiko Tamakoshi, Koji Lin, Yingsong Mikami, Haruo Inaba, Yutaka Yagyu, Kiyoko Kikuchi, Shogo |
| description | Background: The mean total birth rate of the world had been gradually decreasing, with the rate in Japan now at its lowest level internationally. From a public health perspective, it is important to determine the impact of the number of children on all-cause mortality. Methods: A total of 96 311 individuals from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study were followed from 1988-90 for an average of 14.4 years. Hazard ratios (HRs) with a 95% confidence interval were calculated from proportional hazard models to estimate the risk of all-cause mortality according to the number of children. Results: As of 2006, a total of 18 807 deaths had occurred. Both childless men and women showed higher all-cause mortality risks than those with two children (HR: 1.17 in men and 1.29 in women). Those with one child also showed higher risks (1.13 and 1.16, respectively). Having four or more children among men and five or more children among women also posed a risk (1.16 in men with four children and 1.22 in women with five or more children), showing a U-shaped association between the number of children and all-cause mortality risk. The risk of having only one child seemed evident with the decrease in age among both men and women, while the risk of having many children was apparent with the increase in age. Conclusion: We found a U-shaped association between the number of children and all-cause mortality among both men and women, with the lowest risk among those with two children. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/eurpub/ckq175 |
| format | Article |
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From a public health perspective, it is important to determine the impact of the number of children on all-cause mortality. Methods: A total of 96 311 individuals from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study were followed from 1988-90 for an average of 14.4 years. Hazard ratios (HRs) with a 95% confidence interval were calculated from proportional hazard models to estimate the risk of all-cause mortality according to the number of children. Results: As of 2006, a total of 18 807 deaths had occurred. Both childless men and women showed higher all-cause mortality risks than those with two children (HR: 1.17 in men and 1.29 in women). Those with one child also showed higher risks (1.13 and 1.16, respectively). Having four or more children among men and five or more children among women also posed a risk (1.16 in men with four children and 1.22 in women with five or more children), showing a U-shaped association between the number of children and all-cause mortality risk. The risk of having only one child seemed evident with the decrease in age among both men and women, while the risk of having many children was apparent with the increase in age. Conclusion: We found a U-shaped association between the number of children and all-cause mortality among both men and women, with the lowest risk among those with two children.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1101-1262</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1464-360X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckq175</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21113028</identifier><identifier>CODEN: EJPHF6</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age ; Aged ; Associations ; Cause of Death - trends ; Child ; Child Mortality ; Children ; Children & youth ; Cohort analysis ; Cohort Studies ; Collaboration ; Confidence Intervals ; Cooperation ; Death ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Gender differences ; Health hazards ; Humans ; Japan ; Japan - epidemiology ; Male ; Men ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Mortality Rates ; Public Health ; Reproductive health ; Risk ; Risk Assessment - methods ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Women</subject><ispartof>European journal of public health, 2011-12, Vol.21 (6), p.732-737</ispartof><rights>The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved. 2010</rights><rights>Copyright Oxford Publishing Limited(England) Dec 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c555t-9996e0c3d3729447493419d0e76252fbb9753d3e9f0a97770f3787b5c54af75b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c555t-9996e0c3d3729447493419d0e76252fbb9753d3e9f0a97770f3787b5c54af75b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1604,27865,27866,27924,27925,33775</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckq175$$EView_record_in_Oxford_University_Press$$FView_record_in_$$GOxford_University_Press</linktorsrc><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21113028$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tamakoshi, Akiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tamakoshi, Koji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Yingsong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mikami, Haruo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Inaba, Yutaka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yagyu, Kiyoko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kikuchi, Shogo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>JACC Study Group</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>for the JACC Study Group</creatorcontrib><title>Number of children and all-cause mortality risk: results from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study</title><title>European journal of public health</title><addtitle>Eur J Public Health</addtitle><description>Background: The mean total birth rate of the world had been gradually decreasing, with the rate in Japan now at its lowest level internationally. From a public health perspective, it is important to determine the impact of the number of children on all-cause mortality. Methods: A total of 96 311 individuals from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study were followed from 1988-90 for an average of 14.4 years. Hazard ratios (HRs) with a 95% confidence interval were calculated from proportional hazard models to estimate the risk of all-cause mortality according to the number of children. Results: As of 2006, a total of 18 807 deaths had occurred. Both childless men and women showed higher all-cause mortality risks than those with two children (HR: 1.17 in men and 1.29 in women). Those with one child also showed higher risks (1.13 and 1.16, respectively). Having four or more children among men and five or more children among women also posed a risk (1.16 in men with four children and 1.22 in women with five or more children), showing a U-shaped association between the number of children and all-cause mortality risk. The risk of having only one child seemed evident with the decrease in age among both men and women, while the risk of having many children was apparent with the increase in age. Conclusion: We found a U-shaped association between the number of children and all-cause mortality among both men and women, with the lowest risk among those with two children.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Associations</subject><subject>Cause of Death - trends</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child Mortality</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Cohort analysis</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Collaboration</subject><subject>Confidence Intervals</subject><subject>Cooperation</subject><subject>Death</subject><subject>Family Characteristics</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gender differences</subject><subject>Health hazards</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Japan</subject><subject>Japan - epidemiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Men</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Mortality Rates</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>Reproductive health</subject><subject>Risk</subject><subject>Risk Assessment - methods</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Women</subject><issn>1101-1262</issn><issn>1464-360X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7TQ</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0U9PHCEcBmBialzd9ujVkF70Mvrj3wDezEZrG9MeqklvE5hhsqMzwwiDyX77Yta2iYfqCQgPL4QXoUMCpwQ0O3MpTMme1Q-PRIodtE94yQtWwq8PeU6AFISWdIEOYrwHACEV3UMLSghhQNU-st_TYF3AvsX1uuub4EZsxgabvi9qk6LDgw-z6bt5g0MXH85xcDH1c8Rt8AOe1w5_M5MZ8cr3vbE-mLl7cnm1zsfwzzk1m49otzV9dJ9exiW6u7q8XV0XNz--fF1d3BS1EGIutNalg5o1TFLNueSacaIbcLKkgrbWainyptMtGC2lhJZJJa2oBTetFJYt0fE2dwr-Mbk4V0MXa5efNTqfYqWJglIwkO-QnGolmcry5L-SSKpKAYqJtykQKBmTGjL9_Ire-xTG_Dn5alAAXJCMii2qg48xuLaaQjeYsMlJ1XP11bb6alt99kcvockOrvmr_3T974E-TW9k_Qa0vbdx</recordid><startdate>20111201</startdate><enddate>20111201</enddate><creator>Tamakoshi, Akiko</creator><creator>Tamakoshi, Koji</creator><creator>Lin, Yingsong</creator><creator>Mikami, Haruo</creator><creator>Inaba, Yutaka</creator><creator>Yagyu, Kiyoko</creator><creator>Kikuchi, Shogo</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>Oxford Publishing Limited (England)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TQ</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>DHY</scope><scope>DON</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7U3</scope><scope>BHHNA</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20111201</creationdate><title>Number of children and all-cause mortality risk: results from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study</title><author>Tamakoshi, Akiko ; Tamakoshi, Koji ; Lin, Yingsong ; Mikami, Haruo ; Inaba, Yutaka ; Yagyu, Kiyoko ; Kikuchi, Shogo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c555t-9996e0c3d3729447493419d0e76252fbb9753d3e9f0a97770f3787b5c54af75b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Associations</topic><topic>Cause of Death - trends</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child Mortality</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Cohort analysis</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Collaboration</topic><topic>Confidence Intervals</topic><topic>Cooperation</topic><topic>Death</topic><topic>Family Characteristics</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gender differences</topic><topic>Health hazards</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Japan</topic><topic>Japan - epidemiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Men</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Mortality Rates</topic><topic>Public Health</topic><topic>Reproductive health</topic><topic>Risk</topic><topic>Risk Assessment - methods</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Women</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tamakoshi, Akiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tamakoshi, Koji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Yingsong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mikami, Haruo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Inaba, Yutaka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yagyu, Kiyoko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kikuchi, Shogo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>JACC Study Group</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>for the JACC Study Group</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>PAIS Index</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>PAIS International</collection><collection>PAIS International (Ovid)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Social Services Abstracts</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Risk Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><jtitle>European journal of public health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tamakoshi, Akiko</au><au>Tamakoshi, Koji</au><au>Lin, Yingsong</au><au>Mikami, Haruo</au><au>Inaba, Yutaka</au><au>Yagyu, Kiyoko</au><au>Kikuchi, Shogo</au><aucorp>JACC Study Group</aucorp><aucorp>for the JACC Study Group</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Number of children and all-cause mortality risk: results from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study</atitle><jtitle>European journal of public health</jtitle><addtitle>Eur J Public Health</addtitle><date>2011-12-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>21</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>732</spage><epage>737</epage><pages>732-737</pages><issn>1101-1262</issn><eissn>1464-360X</eissn><coden>EJPHF6</coden><abstract>Background: The mean total birth rate of the world had been gradually decreasing, with the rate in Japan now at its lowest level internationally. From a public health perspective, it is important to determine the impact of the number of children on all-cause mortality. Methods: A total of 96 311 individuals from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study were followed from 1988-90 for an average of 14.4 years. Hazard ratios (HRs) with a 95% confidence interval were calculated from proportional hazard models to estimate the risk of all-cause mortality according to the number of children. Results: As of 2006, a total of 18 807 deaths had occurred. Both childless men and women showed higher all-cause mortality risks than those with two children (HR: 1.17 in men and 1.29 in women). Those with one child also showed higher risks (1.13 and 1.16, respectively). Having four or more children among men and five or more children among women also posed a risk (1.16 in men with four children and 1.22 in women with five or more children), showing a U-shaped association between the number of children and all-cause mortality risk. The risk of having only one child seemed evident with the decrease in age among both men and women, while the risk of having many children was apparent with the increase in age. Conclusion: We found a U-shaped association between the number of children and all-cause mortality among both men and women, with the lowest risk among those with two children.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>21113028</pmid><doi>10.1093/eurpub/ckq175</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | European journal of public health, 2011-12, Vol.21 (6), p.732-737 |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Age Aged Associations Cause of Death - trends Child Child Mortality Children Children & youth Cohort analysis Cohort Studies Collaboration Confidence Intervals Cooperation Death Family Characteristics Female Gender differences Health hazards Humans Japan Japan - epidemiology Male Men Middle Aged Mortality Mortality Rates Public Health Reproductive health Risk Risk Assessment - methods Surveys and Questionnaires Women |
| title | Number of children and all-cause mortality risk: results from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study |
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