Synergistic activity and mode of action of flavonoids isolated from smaller galangal and amoxicillin combinations against amoxicillin‐resistant Escherichia coli
Aim: The smaller galangal is extracted, purified and identified the bioactive compounds. The purpose of this research was to investigate whether these isolated compounds have antibacterial and synergistic activity against amoxicillin‐resistant Escherichia coli (AREC) when used singly and in combinat...
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| creator | Eumkeb, G Siriwong, S Phitaktim, S Rojtinnakorn, N Sakdarat, S |
| description | Aim: The smaller galangal is extracted, purified and identified the bioactive compounds. The purpose of this research was to investigate whether these isolated compounds have antibacterial and synergistic activity against amoxicillin‐resistant Escherichia coli (AREC) when used singly and in combination with amoxicillin. The primarily mode of action is also studied. Method and Results: The galangin, kaempferide and kaempferide‐3‐O‐β‐d‐glucoside were isolated. The minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC) of amoxicillin and these flavonoids against AREC were between 500 and >1000 μg ml−1. Synergistic activity was observed on combining amoxicillin with these flavonoids. The combinations of amoxicillin and these flavonoids exhibited a synergistic effect, reducing AREC cell numbers. Electron microscopy showed that these combinations damaged the ultrastructure of AREC cells. The results indicated that these combinations altered outer membrane permeability but not affecting cytoplasmic membrane. Enzyme assays showed that these flavonoids had an inhibitory activity against penicillinase. Conclusion: These results indicated that these flavonoids have the potential to reverse bacterial resistance to amoxicillin in AREC and may operate via three mechanisms: inhibition of peptidoglycan and ribosome synthesis, alteration of outer membrane permeability, and interaction with β‐lactamases. Significance and Impact of the Study: These findings offer the potential to develop a new generation of phytopharmaceuticals to treat AREC. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05190.x |
| format | Article |
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The purpose of this research was to investigate whether these isolated compounds have antibacterial and synergistic activity against amoxicillin‐resistant Escherichia coli (AREC) when used singly and in combination with amoxicillin. The primarily mode of action is also studied. Method and Results: The galangin, kaempferide and kaempferide‐3‐O‐β‐d‐glucoside were isolated. The minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC) of amoxicillin and these flavonoids against AREC were between 500 and >1000 μg ml−1. Synergistic activity was observed on combining amoxicillin with these flavonoids. The combinations of amoxicillin and these flavonoids exhibited a synergistic effect, reducing AREC cell numbers. Electron microscopy showed that these combinations damaged the ultrastructure of AREC cells. The results indicated that these combinations altered outer membrane permeability but not affecting cytoplasmic membrane. Enzyme assays showed that these flavonoids had an inhibitory activity against penicillinase. Conclusion: These results indicated that these flavonoids have the potential to reverse bacterial resistance to amoxicillin in AREC and may operate via three mechanisms: inhibition of peptidoglycan and ribosome synthesis, alteration of outer membrane permeability, and interaction with β‐lactamases. Significance and Impact of the Study: These findings offer the potential to develop a new generation of phytopharmaceuticals to treat AREC.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1364-5072</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2672</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05190.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22111967</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Alpinia - chemistry ; amoxicillin ; Amoxicillin - pharmacology ; amoxicillin-resistant Escherichia coli (AREC) ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology ; antibacterial properties ; antibiotic resistance ; assays ; beta-Galactosidase - metabolism ; beta-lactamase ; Biological and medical sciences ; biopharmaceuticals ; biosynthesis ; Cell Membrane - drug effects ; Cell Membrane Permeability - drug effects ; cell membranes ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial - drug effects ; Drug Synergism ; electron microscopy ; Enzyme Activation - drug effects ; Escherichia coli ; Escherichia coli - drug effects ; Escherichia coli - enzymology ; Escherichia coli - ultrastructure ; flavonoids ; Flavonoids - chemistry ; Flavonoids - isolation & purification ; Flavonoids - pharmacology ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; galangin ; kaempferide ; kaempferide-3-O-β-D-glucoside ; Kaempferols - chemistry ; Kaempferols - pharmacology ; mechanism of action ; membrane permeability ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Microbiology ; minimum inhibitory concentration ; peptidoglycans ; purification methods ; Rhizome - chemistry ; ribosomes ; synergism ; synergy effect ; ultrastructure</subject><ispartof>Journal of applied microbiology, 2012, Vol.112 (1), p.55-64</ispartof><rights>2011 The Authors. Journal of Applied Microbiology © 2011 The Society for Applied Microbiology</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>2011 The Authors. Journal of Applied Microbiology © 2011 The Society for Applied Microbiology.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4610-83c6bc1a2e68d822bacd297a3b58c2c8d9e2aa02e02f15c7883664ed531c957a3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2672.2011.05190.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2672.2011.05190.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,4010,27900,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=25293163$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22111967$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Eumkeb, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siriwong, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Phitaktim, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rojtinnakorn, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sakdarat, S</creatorcontrib><title>Synergistic activity and mode of action of flavonoids isolated from smaller galangal and amoxicillin combinations against amoxicillin‐resistant Escherichia coli</title><title>Journal of applied microbiology</title><addtitle>J Appl Microbiol</addtitle><description>Aim: The smaller galangal is extracted, purified and identified the bioactive compounds. The purpose of this research was to investigate whether these isolated compounds have antibacterial and synergistic activity against amoxicillin‐resistant Escherichia coli (AREC) when used singly and in combination with amoxicillin. The primarily mode of action is also studied. Method and Results: The galangin, kaempferide and kaempferide‐3‐O‐β‐d‐glucoside were isolated. The minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC) of amoxicillin and these flavonoids against AREC were between 500 and >1000 μg ml−1. Synergistic activity was observed on combining amoxicillin with these flavonoids. The combinations of amoxicillin and these flavonoids exhibited a synergistic effect, reducing AREC cell numbers. Electron microscopy showed that these combinations damaged the ultrastructure of AREC cells. The results indicated that these combinations altered outer membrane permeability but not affecting cytoplasmic membrane. Enzyme assays showed that these flavonoids had an inhibitory activity against penicillinase. Conclusion: These results indicated that these flavonoids have the potential to reverse bacterial resistance to amoxicillin in AREC and may operate via three mechanisms: inhibition of peptidoglycan and ribosome synthesis, alteration of outer membrane permeability, and interaction with β‐lactamases. Significance and Impact of the Study: These findings offer the potential to develop a new generation of phytopharmaceuticals to treat AREC.</description><subject>Alpinia - chemistry</subject><subject>amoxicillin</subject><subject>Amoxicillin - pharmacology</subject><subject>amoxicillin-resistant Escherichia coli (AREC)</subject><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>antibacterial properties</subject><subject>antibiotic resistance</subject><subject>assays</subject><subject>beta-Galactosidase - metabolism</subject><subject>beta-lactamase</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>biopharmaceuticals</subject><subject>biosynthesis</subject><subject>Cell Membrane - drug effects</subject><subject>Cell Membrane Permeability - drug effects</subject><subject>cell membranes</subject><subject>Drug Resistance, Bacterial - drug effects</subject><subject>Drug Synergism</subject><subject>electron microscopy</subject><subject>Enzyme Activation - drug effects</subject><subject>Escherichia coli</subject><subject>Escherichia coli - drug effects</subject><subject>Escherichia coli - enzymology</subject><subject>Escherichia coli - ultrastructure</subject><subject>flavonoids</subject><subject>Flavonoids - chemistry</subject><subject>Flavonoids - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Flavonoids - pharmacology</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>galangin</subject><subject>kaempferide</subject><subject>kaempferide-3-O-β-D-glucoside</subject><subject>Kaempferols - chemistry</subject><subject>Kaempferols - pharmacology</subject><subject>mechanism of action</subject><subject>membrane permeability</subject><subject>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>minimum inhibitory concentration</subject><subject>peptidoglycans</subject><subject>purification methods</subject><subject>Rhizome - chemistry</subject><subject>ribosomes</subject><subject>synergism</subject><subject>synergy effect</subject><subject>ultrastructure</subject><issn>1364-5072</issn><issn>1365-2672</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpNks1y0zAQxz0MDC2FVwBdGE42-ohk-8ChU0qgXxxKh6NmLcupgiy1ktMmtz4Cz8Cj9UkqJyGgg7Sj_f13VvtXliGCC5LWx3lBmOA5FSUtKCakwJzUuFg-y_Z3iefreJJzXNK97FWMc4wJw1y8zPYoTVVqUe5nfy5XToeZiYNRCNRg7sywQuBa1PtWI9-tL70bo87CnXfetBGZ6C0MukVd8D2KPVirA5qBBZe2tR56vzTKWGscUr5vjIOxUEQwA-Pi8D_w-PA76JiaADeg46iudTDq2kASWvM6e9GBjfrN9jzIrr4c_zj6mp99n347OjzL1UQQnFdMiUYRoFpUbUVpA6qldQms4ZWiqmprTQEw1Zh2hKuyqpgQE91yRlTNE3eQfdjUvQn-dqHjIHsTlbbpTdovoqzTyNJwKU_k2y25aHrdyptgeggr-XesCXi_BSAqsF0Ap0z8x3FaMyJY4j5tuHtj9WqXJ1iONsu5HN2Uo5tytFmubZZLeXJ4PkZJn2_0aXR6udND-CVTFyWXPy-m8vP0hJ8SwuVF4t9t-A68hFlIPV1dpsqT8WuUVc3ZE4-8t_E</recordid><startdate>2012</startdate><enddate>2012</enddate><creator>Eumkeb, G</creator><creator>Siriwong, S</creator><creator>Phitaktim, S</creator><creator>Rojtinnakorn, N</creator><creator>Sakdarat, S</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Blackwell</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2012</creationdate><title>Synergistic activity and mode of action of flavonoids isolated from smaller galangal and amoxicillin combinations against amoxicillin‐resistant Escherichia coli</title><author>Eumkeb, G ; Siriwong, S ; Phitaktim, S ; Rojtinnakorn, N ; Sakdarat, S</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4610-83c6bc1a2e68d822bacd297a3b58c2c8d9e2aa02e02f15c7883664ed531c957a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Alpinia - chemistry</topic><topic>amoxicillin</topic><topic>Amoxicillin - pharmacology</topic><topic>amoxicillin-resistant Escherichia coli (AREC)</topic><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>antibacterial properties</topic><topic>antibiotic resistance</topic><topic>assays</topic><topic>beta-Galactosidase - metabolism</topic><topic>beta-lactamase</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>biopharmaceuticals</topic><topic>biosynthesis</topic><topic>Cell Membrane - drug effects</topic><topic>Cell Membrane Permeability - drug effects</topic><topic>cell membranes</topic><topic>Drug Resistance, Bacterial - drug effects</topic><topic>Drug Synergism</topic><topic>electron microscopy</topic><topic>Enzyme Activation - drug effects</topic><topic>Escherichia coli</topic><topic>Escherichia coli - drug effects</topic><topic>Escherichia coli - enzymology</topic><topic>Escherichia coli - ultrastructure</topic><topic>flavonoids</topic><topic>Flavonoids - chemistry</topic><topic>Flavonoids - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Flavonoids - pharmacology</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>galangin</topic><topic>kaempferide</topic><topic>kaempferide-3-O-β-D-glucoside</topic><topic>Kaempferols - chemistry</topic><topic>Kaempferols - pharmacology</topic><topic>mechanism of action</topic><topic>membrane permeability</topic><topic>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>minimum inhibitory concentration</topic><topic>peptidoglycans</topic><topic>purification methods</topic><topic>Rhizome - chemistry</topic><topic>ribosomes</topic><topic>synergism</topic><topic>synergy effect</topic><topic>ultrastructure</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Eumkeb, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siriwong, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Phitaktim, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rojtinnakorn, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sakdarat, S</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of applied microbiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Eumkeb, G</au><au>Siriwong, S</au><au>Phitaktim, S</au><au>Rojtinnakorn, N</au><au>Sakdarat, S</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Synergistic activity and mode of action of flavonoids isolated from smaller galangal and amoxicillin combinations against amoxicillin‐resistant Escherichia coli</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied microbiology</jtitle><addtitle>J Appl Microbiol</addtitle><date>2012</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>112</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>55</spage><epage>64</epage><pages>55-64</pages><issn>1364-5072</issn><eissn>1365-2672</eissn><abstract>Aim: The smaller galangal is extracted, purified and identified the bioactive compounds. The purpose of this research was to investigate whether these isolated compounds have antibacterial and synergistic activity against amoxicillin‐resistant Escherichia coli (AREC) when used singly and in combination with amoxicillin. The primarily mode of action is also studied. Method and Results: The galangin, kaempferide and kaempferide‐3‐O‐β‐d‐glucoside were isolated. The minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC) of amoxicillin and these flavonoids against AREC were between 500 and >1000 μg ml−1. Synergistic activity was observed on combining amoxicillin with these flavonoids. The combinations of amoxicillin and these flavonoids exhibited a synergistic effect, reducing AREC cell numbers. Electron microscopy showed that these combinations damaged the ultrastructure of AREC cells. The results indicated that these combinations altered outer membrane permeability but not affecting cytoplasmic membrane. Enzyme assays showed that these flavonoids had an inhibitory activity against penicillinase. Conclusion: These results indicated that these flavonoids have the potential to reverse bacterial resistance to amoxicillin in AREC and may operate via three mechanisms: inhibition of peptidoglycan and ribosome synthesis, alteration of outer membrane permeability, and interaction with β‐lactamases. Significance and Impact of the Study: These findings offer the potential to develop a new generation of phytopharmaceuticals to treat AREC.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>22111967</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05190.x</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of applied microbiology, 2012, Vol.112 (1), p.55-64 |
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| source | Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Alpinia - chemistry amoxicillin Amoxicillin - pharmacology amoxicillin-resistant Escherichia coli (AREC) Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology antibacterial properties antibiotic resistance assays beta-Galactosidase - metabolism beta-lactamase Biological and medical sciences biopharmaceuticals biosynthesis Cell Membrane - drug effects Cell Membrane Permeability - drug effects cell membranes Drug Resistance, Bacterial - drug effects Drug Synergism electron microscopy Enzyme Activation - drug effects Escherichia coli Escherichia coli - drug effects Escherichia coli - enzymology Escherichia coli - ultrastructure flavonoids Flavonoids - chemistry Flavonoids - isolation & purification Flavonoids - pharmacology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology galangin kaempferide kaempferide-3-O-β-D-glucoside Kaempferols - chemistry Kaempferols - pharmacology mechanism of action membrane permeability Microbial Sensitivity Tests Microbiology minimum inhibitory concentration peptidoglycans purification methods Rhizome - chemistry ribosomes synergism synergy effect ultrastructure |
| title | Synergistic activity and mode of action of flavonoids isolated from smaller galangal and amoxicillin combinations against amoxicillin‐resistant Escherichia coli |
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