Plasma nitrate levels and flow-mediated vasodilation in untreated major depression
Findings from several studies have revealed that major depression is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. The physiopathologic mechanisms of this association remain unclear, although recently, it has been hypothesized that a decreased production of nitric oxide could be a potential cont...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Psychosomatic medicine 2011-05, Vol.73 (4), p.344-349 |
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| creator | García, Ronald G Zarruk, Juan G Barrera, Carlos Pinzón, Alexander Trillos, Elizabeth Arenas, William D Luengas, Carlos Tomaz, Carlos López-Jaramillo, Patricio |
| description | Findings from several studies have revealed that major depression is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. The physiopathologic mechanisms of this association remain unclear, although recently, it has been hypothesized that a decreased production of nitric oxide could be a potential contributor to vascular dysfunction in depressive patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate nitric oxide production and vascular endothelial function in treatment-naive young healthy adults with a first episode of major depression.
A case-control study in 50 treatment-naive young adults with a first episode of major depression and 50 healthy control subjects was conducted. Plasma levels of nitric oxide metabolites (nitrates/nitrites) were determined using a colorimetric assay based on Griess reaction. Endothelial function was assessed by flow-mediated vasodilation measurements after reactive hyperemia.
The mean age of the depressed patients was 22.6 (standard deviation [SD], 4.6) years, whereas the controls were 23.4 (SD, 4.8) years. Sixteen men (32%) and 34 women (68%) were included in each group. The plasma nitrite/nitrate concentrations were significantly lower in depressive subjects compared with healthy controls (17.5 [SD, 4.9] μmol/L versus 21.6 [SD, 7.0] μmol/L, p < .001); however, flow-mediated vasodilation values were similar in both groups (13.1% [SD, 4.3%] versus 12.1% [SD, 5.0%], p = .10).
Decreased plasma concentrations of nitric oxide metabolites are not associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction in young subjects with a first episode of major depression. Reduced nitrate/nitrite levels could reflect a decreased nitric oxide production in the central nervous system of depressed subjects. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1097/PSY.0b013e31821566cf |
| format | Article |
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A case-control study in 50 treatment-naive young adults with a first episode of major depression and 50 healthy control subjects was conducted. Plasma levels of nitric oxide metabolites (nitrates/nitrites) were determined using a colorimetric assay based on Griess reaction. Endothelial function was assessed by flow-mediated vasodilation measurements after reactive hyperemia.
The mean age of the depressed patients was 22.6 (standard deviation [SD], 4.6) years, whereas the controls were 23.4 (SD, 4.8) years. Sixteen men (32%) and 34 women (68%) were included in each group. The plasma nitrite/nitrate concentrations were significantly lower in depressive subjects compared with healthy controls (17.5 [SD, 4.9] μmol/L versus 21.6 [SD, 7.0] μmol/L, p < .001); however, flow-mediated vasodilation values were similar in both groups (13.1% [SD, 4.3%] versus 12.1% [SD, 5.0%], p = .10).
Decreased plasma concentrations of nitric oxide metabolites are not associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction in young subjects with a first episode of major depression. Reduced nitrate/nitrite levels could reflect a decreased nitric oxide production in the central nervous system of depressed subjects. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0033-3174</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1534-7796</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e31821566cf</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21536836</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PSMEAP</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ovid Technologies</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Brachial Artery ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology ; Cardiovascular Diseases - psychology ; Case-Control Studies ; Colorimetry ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder, Major - blood ; Depressive Disorder, Major - physiopathology ; Deviation ; Dysfunction ; Endothelium, Vascular - metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology ; Female ; First time ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Linear Models ; Male ; Medical treatment ; Mental depression ; Nitrates - blood ; Nitric oxide ; Nitrites ; Nitrites - blood ; Plasma ; Psychosomatic medicine ; Regional Blood Flow ; Risk assessment ; Vasodilation - physiology ; Young Adult ; Young adults</subject><ispartof>Psychosomatic medicine, 2011-05, Vol.73 (4), p.344-349</ispartof><rights>Copyright Lippincott Williams & Wilkins May 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c476t-c9bb65aa4751b6855539afcdb5776ff7d3836a34c864114cdb125fbce603832d2</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c476t-c9bb65aa4751b6855539afcdb5776ff7d3836a34c864114cdb125fbce603832d2</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>780,30998,30999</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21536836$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>García, Ronald G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zarruk, Juan G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barrera, Carlos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pinzón, Alexander</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trillos, Elizabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arenas, William D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luengas, Carlos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tomaz, Carlos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>López-Jaramillo, Patricio</creatorcontrib><title>Plasma nitrate levels and flow-mediated vasodilation in untreated major depression</title><title>Psychosomatic medicine</title><addtitle>Psychosom Med</addtitle><description>Findings from several studies have revealed that major depression is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. The physiopathologic mechanisms of this association remain unclear, although recently, it has been hypothesized that a decreased production of nitric oxide could be a potential contributor to vascular dysfunction in depressive patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate nitric oxide production and vascular endothelial function in treatment-naive young healthy adults with a first episode of major depression.
A case-control study in 50 treatment-naive young adults with a first episode of major depression and 50 healthy control subjects was conducted. Plasma levels of nitric oxide metabolites (nitrates/nitrites) were determined using a colorimetric assay based on Griess reaction. Endothelial function was assessed by flow-mediated vasodilation measurements after reactive hyperemia.
The mean age of the depressed patients was 22.6 (standard deviation [SD], 4.6) years, whereas the controls were 23.4 (SD, 4.8) years. Sixteen men (32%) and 34 women (68%) were included in each group. The plasma nitrite/nitrate concentrations were significantly lower in depressive subjects compared with healthy controls (17.5 [SD, 4.9] μmol/L versus 21.6 [SD, 7.0] μmol/L, p < .001); however, flow-mediated vasodilation values were similar in both groups (13.1% [SD, 4.3%] versus 12.1% [SD, 5.0%], p = .10).
Decreased plasma concentrations of nitric oxide metabolites are not associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction in young subjects with a first episode of major depression. Reduced nitrate/nitrite levels could reflect a decreased nitric oxide production in the central nervous system of depressed subjects. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Blood Flow Velocity</subject><subject>Brachial Artery</subject><subject>Cardiovascular disease</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - psychology</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Colorimetry</subject><subject>Depression</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder, Major - blood</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder, Major - physiopathology</subject><subject>Deviation</subject><subject>Dysfunction</subject><subject>Endothelium, Vascular - metabolism</subject><subject>Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>First time</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hyperemia</subject><subject>Linear Models</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical treatment</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Nitrates - blood</subject><subject>Nitric oxide</subject><subject>Nitrites</subject><subject>Nitrites - blood</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Psychosomatic medicine</subject><subject>Regional Blood Flow</subject><subject>Risk assessment</subject><subject>Vasodilation - physiology</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><subject>Young adults</subject><issn>0033-3174</issn><issn>1534-7796</issn><fulltext>false</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkctKxDAUhoMoOo6-gUhxo5uOObl3KYM3GHDwsnBV0jSFDm0zJu2Ib2_GGV240FUg_3d-kvMhdAJ4AjiTl_On1wkuMFBLQRHgQphqB42AU5ZKmYldNMKY0pSCZAfoMIQFxphllOyjg4hToagYocd5o0Ork67uve5t0tiVbUKiuzKpGveetras432ZrHRwZd3ovnZdUnfJ0PXefiWtXjiflHbpbQgxPUJ7lW6CPd6eY_Ryc_08vUtnD7f306tZapgUfWqyohBcayY5FEJxzmmmK1MWXEpRVbKk8YGaMqMEA2AxAMKrwliBY0JKMkbnm96ld2-DDX3e1sHYptGddUPIM8CCx3b1L6mUgrgawP-TgosMC8YjefEnCVTEb3Ii1-jZL3ThBt_F3eRKUk4J4xAhtoGMdyF4W-VLX7faf-SA87XwPArPfwuPY6fb7qGIrn6Gvg2TT5I5poE</recordid><startdate>201105</startdate><enddate>201105</enddate><creator>García, Ronald G</creator><creator>Zarruk, Juan G</creator><creator>Barrera, Carlos</creator><creator>Pinzón, Alexander</creator><creator>Trillos, Elizabeth</creator><creator>Arenas, William D</creator><creator>Luengas, Carlos</creator><creator>Tomaz, Carlos</creator><creator>López-Jaramillo, Patricio</creator><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ovid Technologies</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>C1K</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201105</creationdate><title>Plasma nitrate levels and flow-mediated vasodilation in untreated major depression</title><author>García, Ronald G ; Zarruk, Juan G ; Barrera, Carlos ; Pinzón, Alexander ; Trillos, Elizabeth ; Arenas, William D ; Luengas, Carlos ; Tomaz, Carlos ; López-Jaramillo, Patricio</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c476t-c9bb65aa4751b6855539afcdb5776ff7d3836a34c864114cdb125fbce603832d2</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Blood Flow Velocity</topic><topic>Brachial Artery</topic><topic>Cardiovascular disease</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - psychology</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Colorimetry</topic><topic>Depression</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder, Major - blood</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder, Major - physiopathology</topic><topic>Deviation</topic><topic>Dysfunction</topic><topic>Endothelium, Vascular - metabolism</topic><topic>Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>First time</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hyperemia</topic><topic>Linear Models</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical treatment</topic><topic>Mental depression</topic><topic>Nitrates - blood</topic><topic>Nitric oxide</topic><topic>Nitrites</topic><topic>Nitrites - blood</topic><topic>Plasma</topic><topic>Psychosomatic medicine</topic><topic>Regional Blood Flow</topic><topic>Risk assessment</topic><topic>Vasodilation - physiology</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><topic>Young adults</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><creatorcontrib>García, Ronald G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zarruk, Juan G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barrera, Carlos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pinzón, Alexander</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trillos, Elizabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arenas, William D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luengas, Carlos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tomaz, Carlos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>López-Jaramillo, Patricio</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Risk Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><jtitle>Psychosomatic medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>no_fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>García, Ronald G</au><au>Zarruk, Juan G</au><au>Barrera, Carlos</au><au>Pinzón, Alexander</au><au>Trillos, Elizabeth</au><au>Arenas, William D</au><au>Luengas, Carlos</au><au>Tomaz, Carlos</au><au>López-Jaramillo, Patricio</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Plasma nitrate levels and flow-mediated vasodilation in untreated major depression</atitle><jtitle>Psychosomatic medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Psychosom Med</addtitle><date>2011-05</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>73</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>344</spage><epage>349</epage><pages>344-349</pages><issn>0033-3174</issn><eissn>1534-7796</eissn><coden>PSMEAP</coden><abstract>Findings from several studies have revealed that major depression is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. The physiopathologic mechanisms of this association remain unclear, although recently, it has been hypothesized that a decreased production of nitric oxide could be a potential contributor to vascular dysfunction in depressive patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate nitric oxide production and vascular endothelial function in treatment-naive young healthy adults with a first episode of major depression.
A case-control study in 50 treatment-naive young adults with a first episode of major depression and 50 healthy control subjects was conducted. Plasma levels of nitric oxide metabolites (nitrates/nitrites) were determined using a colorimetric assay based on Griess reaction. Endothelial function was assessed by flow-mediated vasodilation measurements after reactive hyperemia.
The mean age of the depressed patients was 22.6 (standard deviation [SD], 4.6) years, whereas the controls were 23.4 (SD, 4.8) years. Sixteen men (32%) and 34 women (68%) were included in each group. The plasma nitrite/nitrate concentrations were significantly lower in depressive subjects compared with healthy controls (17.5 [SD, 4.9] μmol/L versus 21.6 [SD, 7.0] μmol/L, p < .001); however, flow-mediated vasodilation values were similar in both groups (13.1% [SD, 4.3%] versus 12.1% [SD, 5.0%], p = .10).
Decreased plasma concentrations of nitric oxide metabolites are not associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction in young subjects with a first episode of major depression. Reduced nitrate/nitrite levels could reflect a decreased nitric oxide production in the central nervous system of depressed subjects. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ovid Technologies</pub><pmid>21536836</pmid><doi>10.1097/PSY.0b013e31821566cf</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Blood Flow Velocity Brachial Artery Cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology Cardiovascular Diseases - psychology Case-Control Studies Colorimetry Depression Depressive Disorder, Major - blood Depressive Disorder, Major - physiopathology Deviation Dysfunction Endothelium, Vascular - metabolism Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology Female First time Humans Hyperemia Linear Models Male Medical treatment Mental depression Nitrates - blood Nitric oxide Nitrites Nitrites - blood Plasma Psychosomatic medicine Regional Blood Flow Risk assessment Vasodilation - physiology Young Adult Young adults |
| title | Plasma nitrate levels and flow-mediated vasodilation in untreated major depression |
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