Black and green pigments based on chromium–cobalt spinels
► Co(Co 2− x Cr x )O 4 powders with different chromium concentrations ( x = 0, 0.25 and 1) were prepared by the polymeric precursor method. ► Co(CoCr)O 4 and Co(Co 1.75Cr 0.25)O 4 displayed a dark color and CoCr 2O 4 was green. ► The colors were related to the different oxidation states of Cr and Co...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Materials chemistry and physics 2011-09, Vol.129 (1), p.619-624 |
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| creator | Eliziário, Sayonara A. de Andrade, Jeferson M. Lima, Severino J.G. Paskocimas, Carlos A. Soledade, Luiz E.B. Hammer, P. Longo, E. Souza, Antônio G. Santos, Ieda M.G. |
| description | ► Co(Co
2−
x
Cr
x
)O
4 powders with different chromium concentrations (
x
=
0, 0.25 and 1) were prepared by the polymeric precursor method. ► Co(CoCr)O
4 and Co(Co
1.75Cr
0.25)O
4 displayed a dark color and CoCr
2O
4 was green. ► The colors were related to the different oxidation states of Cr and Co. ► Cobalt enrichment result in an increasing presence of Co(III) and a decrease amount of Cr(VI).
Chromium and cobalt oxides are widely used in the manufacture of industrial pigments. In this work, the Co(Co
2−
x
Cr
x
)O
4 powders with different chromium concentrations (
x
=
0, 0.25 and 1) were synthesized by the polymeric precursor method, heat treatment between 600 and 1000
°C. These powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, colorimetry, UV–vis absorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Even with the addition of chromium, the XRD patterns revealed that all powders crystallize in a single spinel cubic structure. The spinels with higher cobalt amount, Co(CoCr)O
4 and Co(Co
1.75Cr
0.25)O
4, displayed a dark color, without the Co
3+ reduction observed in Co
3O
4 between 900 and 950
°C. The spinel with higher chromium amount, CoCr
2O
4, was green. The colors were directly related to the occupation of tetrahedral and octahedral sites by the chromophores, as well as to the different oxidation states of chromium and cobalt. The different optical band gap values estimated from UV–vis spectra suggested the existence of intermediary energy levels within the band gap. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed an increasing presence of Co(III) and a decreasing amount of Cr(VI) with cobalt enrichment. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.05.001 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_907946713</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0254058411003932</els_id><sourcerecordid>1671275816</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c470t-2ab39551494b4551c73cadcbafddef69da892777b9150ba50775f20cb45fefb83</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqN0b1OwzAUBWALgUQpvEOYYEnwTew4FhNU_EmVWGC2HOemdckfdorUjXfgDXkSXJWBCZjO8p073EPIKdAEKOQXq6TVo1liOyw3PkkpQEJ5QinskQkUQsZZBuk-mdCUs5jygh2SI-9XAQiAbEIurxttXiLdVdHCIXbRYBctdqOPSu2xivouMkvXt3bdfr5_mL7UzRj5wXbY-GNyUOvG48l3Tsnz7c3T7D6eP949zK7msWGCjnGqy0xyDkyykoU0IjO6MqWuqwrrXFa6kKkQopTAaak5FYLXKTUB11iXRTYlZ7u7g-tf1-hH1VpvsGl0h_3aK0mFZLmALMjzXyXkMmWUs2D_pgJSwQvIA5U7alzvvcNaDc622m0UULVdQa3UjxXUdgVFuQpPDt3Zrhv-hW8WnfLGYmewsg7NqKre_uPKFx0mluU</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1671275816</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Black and green pigments based on chromium–cobalt spinels</title><source>Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier)</source><creator>Eliziário, Sayonara A. ; de Andrade, Jeferson M. ; Lima, Severino J.G. ; Paskocimas, Carlos A. ; Soledade, Luiz E.B. ; Hammer, P. ; Longo, E. ; Souza, Antônio G. ; Santos, Ieda M.G.</creator><creatorcontrib>Eliziário, Sayonara A. ; de Andrade, Jeferson M. ; Lima, Severino J.G. ; Paskocimas, Carlos A. ; Soledade, Luiz E.B. ; Hammer, P. ; Longo, E. ; Souza, Antônio G. ; Santos, Ieda M.G.</creatorcontrib><description>► Co(Co
2−
x
Cr
x
)O
4 powders with different chromium concentrations (
x
=
0, 0.25 and 1) were prepared by the polymeric precursor method. ► Co(CoCr)O
4 and Co(Co
1.75Cr
0.25)O
4 displayed a dark color and CoCr
2O
4 was green. ► The colors were related to the different oxidation states of Cr and Co. ► Cobalt enrichment result in an increasing presence of Co(III) and a decrease amount of Cr(VI).
Chromium and cobalt oxides are widely used in the manufacture of industrial pigments. In this work, the Co(Co
2−
x
Cr
x
)O
4 powders with different chromium concentrations (
x
=
0, 0.25 and 1) were synthesized by the polymeric precursor method, heat treatment between 600 and 1000
°C. These powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, colorimetry, UV–vis absorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Even with the addition of chromium, the XRD patterns revealed that all powders crystallize in a single spinel cubic structure. The spinels with higher cobalt amount, Co(CoCr)O
4 and Co(Co
1.75Cr
0.25)O
4, displayed a dark color, without the Co
3+ reduction observed in Co
3O
4 between 900 and 950
°C. The spinel with higher chromium amount, CoCr
2O
4, was green. The colors were directly related to the occupation of tetrahedral and octahedral sites by the chromophores, as well as to the different oxidation states of chromium and cobalt. The different optical band gap values estimated from UV–vis spectra suggested the existence of intermediary energy levels within the band gap. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed an increasing presence of Co(III) and a decreasing amount of Cr(VI) with cobalt enrichment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0254-0584</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-3312</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.05.001</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Band spectra ; Chemical synthesis ; Chromium ; Cobalt ; Color ; Colour ; Optical materials ; Oxides ; Photoelectron spectroscopy ; Pigments ; Spectroscopy ; Spinel ; X-ray photo-emission spectroscopy ; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ; X-rays</subject><ispartof>Materials chemistry and physics, 2011-09, Vol.129 (1), p.619-624</ispartof><rights>2011 Elsevier B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c470t-2ab39551494b4551c73cadcbafddef69da892777b9150ba50775f20cb45fefb83</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c470t-2ab39551494b4551c73cadcbafddef69da892777b9150ba50775f20cb45fefb83</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.05.001$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Eliziário, Sayonara A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Andrade, Jeferson M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lima, Severino J.G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paskocimas, Carlos A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soledade, Luiz E.B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hammer, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Longo, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Souza, Antônio G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santos, Ieda M.G.</creatorcontrib><title>Black and green pigments based on chromium–cobalt spinels</title><title>Materials chemistry and physics</title><description>► Co(Co
2−
x
Cr
x
)O
4 powders with different chromium concentrations (
x
=
0, 0.25 and 1) were prepared by the polymeric precursor method. ► Co(CoCr)O
4 and Co(Co
1.75Cr
0.25)O
4 displayed a dark color and CoCr
2O
4 was green. ► The colors were related to the different oxidation states of Cr and Co. ► Cobalt enrichment result in an increasing presence of Co(III) and a decrease amount of Cr(VI).
Chromium and cobalt oxides are widely used in the manufacture of industrial pigments. In this work, the Co(Co
2−
x
Cr
x
)O
4 powders with different chromium concentrations (
x
=
0, 0.25 and 1) were synthesized by the polymeric precursor method, heat treatment between 600 and 1000
°C. These powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, colorimetry, UV–vis absorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Even with the addition of chromium, the XRD patterns revealed that all powders crystallize in a single spinel cubic structure. The spinels with higher cobalt amount, Co(CoCr)O
4 and Co(Co
1.75Cr
0.25)O
4, displayed a dark color, without the Co
3+ reduction observed in Co
3O
4 between 900 and 950
°C. The spinel with higher chromium amount, CoCr
2O
4, was green. The colors were directly related to the occupation of tetrahedral and octahedral sites by the chromophores, as well as to the different oxidation states of chromium and cobalt. The different optical band gap values estimated from UV–vis spectra suggested the existence of intermediary energy levels within the band gap. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed an increasing presence of Co(III) and a decreasing amount of Cr(VI) with cobalt enrichment.</description><subject>Band spectra</subject><subject>Chemical synthesis</subject><subject>Chromium</subject><subject>Cobalt</subject><subject>Color</subject><subject>Colour</subject><subject>Optical materials</subject><subject>Oxides</subject><subject>Photoelectron spectroscopy</subject><subject>Pigments</subject><subject>Spectroscopy</subject><subject>Spinel</subject><subject>X-ray photo-emission spectroscopy</subject><subject>X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy</subject><subject>X-rays</subject><issn>0254-0584</issn><issn>1879-3312</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqN0b1OwzAUBWALgUQpvEOYYEnwTew4FhNU_EmVWGC2HOemdckfdorUjXfgDXkSXJWBCZjO8p073EPIKdAEKOQXq6TVo1liOyw3PkkpQEJ5QinskQkUQsZZBuk-mdCUs5jygh2SI-9XAQiAbEIurxttXiLdVdHCIXbRYBctdqOPSu2xivouMkvXt3bdfr5_mL7UzRj5wXbY-GNyUOvG48l3Tsnz7c3T7D6eP949zK7msWGCjnGqy0xyDkyykoU0IjO6MqWuqwrrXFa6kKkQopTAaak5FYLXKTUB11iXRTYlZ7u7g-tf1-hH1VpvsGl0h_3aK0mFZLmALMjzXyXkMmWUs2D_pgJSwQvIA5U7alzvvcNaDc622m0UULVdQa3UjxXUdgVFuQpPDt3Zrhv-hW8WnfLGYmewsg7NqKre_uPKFx0mluU</recordid><startdate>20110915</startdate><enddate>20110915</enddate><creator>Eliziário, Sayonara A.</creator><creator>de Andrade, Jeferson M.</creator><creator>Lima, Severino J.G.</creator><creator>Paskocimas, Carlos A.</creator><creator>Soledade, Luiz E.B.</creator><creator>Hammer, P.</creator><creator>Longo, E.</creator><creator>Souza, Antônio G.</creator><creator>Santos, Ieda M.G.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110915</creationdate><title>Black and green pigments based on chromium–cobalt spinels</title><author>Eliziário, Sayonara A. ; de Andrade, Jeferson M. ; Lima, Severino J.G. ; Paskocimas, Carlos A. ; Soledade, Luiz E.B. ; Hammer, P. ; Longo, E. ; Souza, Antônio G. ; Santos, Ieda M.G.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c470t-2ab39551494b4551c73cadcbafddef69da892777b9150ba50775f20cb45fefb83</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Band spectra</topic><topic>Chemical synthesis</topic><topic>Chromium</topic><topic>Cobalt</topic><topic>Color</topic><topic>Colour</topic><topic>Optical materials</topic><topic>Oxides</topic><topic>Photoelectron spectroscopy</topic><topic>Pigments</topic><topic>Spectroscopy</topic><topic>Spinel</topic><topic>X-ray photo-emission spectroscopy</topic><topic>X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy</topic><topic>X-rays</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Eliziário, Sayonara A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Andrade, Jeferson M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lima, Severino J.G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paskocimas, Carlos A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soledade, Luiz E.B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hammer, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Longo, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Souza, Antônio G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santos, Ieda M.G.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Materials chemistry and physics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Eliziário, Sayonara A.</au><au>de Andrade, Jeferson M.</au><au>Lima, Severino J.G.</au><au>Paskocimas, Carlos A.</au><au>Soledade, Luiz E.B.</au><au>Hammer, P.</au><au>Longo, E.</au><au>Souza, Antônio G.</au><au>Santos, Ieda M.G.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Black and green pigments based on chromium–cobalt spinels</atitle><jtitle>Materials chemistry and physics</jtitle><date>2011-09-15</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>129</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>619</spage><epage>624</epage><pages>619-624</pages><issn>0254-0584</issn><eissn>1879-3312</eissn><abstract>► Co(Co
2−
x
Cr
x
)O
4 powders with different chromium concentrations (
x
=
0, 0.25 and 1) were prepared by the polymeric precursor method. ► Co(CoCr)O
4 and Co(Co
1.75Cr
0.25)O
4 displayed a dark color and CoCr
2O
4 was green. ► The colors were related to the different oxidation states of Cr and Co. ► Cobalt enrichment result in an increasing presence of Co(III) and a decrease amount of Cr(VI).
Chromium and cobalt oxides are widely used in the manufacture of industrial pigments. In this work, the Co(Co
2−
x
Cr
x
)O
4 powders with different chromium concentrations (
x
=
0, 0.25 and 1) were synthesized by the polymeric precursor method, heat treatment between 600 and 1000
°C. These powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, colorimetry, UV–vis absorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Even with the addition of chromium, the XRD patterns revealed that all powders crystallize in a single spinel cubic structure. The spinels with higher cobalt amount, Co(CoCr)O
4 and Co(Co
1.75Cr
0.25)O
4, displayed a dark color, without the Co
3+ reduction observed in Co
3O
4 between 900 and 950
°C. The spinel with higher chromium amount, CoCr
2O
4, was green. The colors were directly related to the occupation of tetrahedral and octahedral sites by the chromophores, as well as to the different oxidation states of chromium and cobalt. The different optical band gap values estimated from UV–vis spectra suggested the existence of intermediary energy levels within the band gap. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed an increasing presence of Co(III) and a decreasing amount of Cr(VI) with cobalt enrichment.</abstract><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.05.001</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | Materials chemistry and physics, 2011-09, Vol.129 (1), p.619-624 |
| issn | 0254-0584 1879-3312 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_907946713 |
| source | Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier) |
| subjects | Band spectra Chemical synthesis Chromium Cobalt Color Colour Optical materials Oxides Photoelectron spectroscopy Pigments Spectroscopy Spinel X-ray photo-emission spectroscopy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy X-rays |
| title | Black and green pigments based on chromium–cobalt spinels |
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