Autoimmunity in neuromyelitis optica and opticospinal multiple sclerosis: Astrocytopathy as a common denominator in demyelinating disorders

Abstract Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) selectively affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. In Asians, multiple sclerosis (MS) is rare; however, when it appears, the selective and severe involvement of the optic nerves and spinal cord is characteristic. This form, termed opticospinal multiple sclerosi...

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