American Kestrel Breeding Habitat: The Importance of Patch Size
Previous studies have examined vegetative cover and land use immediately surrounding American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) nest sites. However, the relationship of landscape-level habitat structure to nest-site selection has received little attention. Between 1995 and 2007, we erected nest boxes in pa...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of raptor research 2009-12, Vol.43 (4), p.308-314 |
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| container_title | The Journal of raptor research |
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| creator | Smallwood, John A Winkler, Peter Fowles, Gretchen I Craddock, Melissa A |
| description | Previous studies have examined vegetative cover and land use immediately surrounding American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) nest sites. However, the relationship of landscape-level habitat structure to nest-site selection has received little attention. Between 1995 and 2007, we erected nest boxes in pastures and meadows in northwestern New Jersey. The number of breeding pairs in boxes ranged from 2 in 1995 to 59 in 2002. We used a Geographic Information System to model habitats used by kestrels (open areas dominated by herbaceous vegetation) and delineated patches of contiguous suitable habitat within the study area and statewide. Nest boxes available in large (>1000 ha) patches of suitable habitat were occupied by kestrels at rates significantly higher than those in medium (250–1000 ha) or small ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3356/JRR-08-67.1 |
| format | Article |
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However, the relationship of landscape-level habitat structure to nest-site selection has received little attention. Between 1995 and 2007, we erected nest boxes in pastures and meadows in northwestern New Jersey. The number of breeding pairs in boxes ranged from 2 in 1995 to 59 in 2002. We used a Geographic Information System to model habitats used by kestrels (open areas dominated by herbaceous vegetation) and delineated patches of contiguous suitable habitat within the study area and statewide. Nest boxes available in large (>1000 ha) patches of suitable habitat were occupied by kestrels at rates significantly higher than those in medium (250–1000 ha) or small (<250 ha) patches. Large patches exhibited relatively high occupancy rates every year, medium patches were most likely to be occupied during years when kestrels were abundant in the study area, and small patches were used infrequently, regardless of how many breeding pairs were present in the study area. That kestrels disproportionately select nest sites in contiguous patches sufficiently large to include many breeding territories has important implications for conservation strategies. We currently are using information on patch size to implement a statewide nest-box program for kestrels in New Jersey.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0892-1016</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2162-4569</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3356/JRR-08-67.1</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>5400 Bosque Blvd., Suite 680, Waco TX 76710, U.S.A: The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc</publisher><subject>American Kestrel ; Breeding ; breeding habitat ; Conservation ; Falco sparverius ; Geographic information systems ; Habitat ; Land use ; Meadows ; Nest boxes ; Nests ; Pasture ; patch size ; Territory ; Vegetation</subject><ispartof>The Journal of raptor research, 2009-12, Vol.43 (4), p.308-314</ispartof><rights>The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b331t-535d6cbeffd0b2daf939eaa5a24e7db0e6cde1507c4f89962fa87cc4a19535733</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b331t-535d6cbeffd0b2daf939eaa5a24e7db0e6cde1507c4f89962fa87cc4a19535733</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://bioone.org/doi/pdf/10.3356/JRR-08-67.1$$EPDF$$P50$$Gbioone$$H</linktopdf><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,26978,27924,27925,52363</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Smallwood, John A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Winkler, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fowles, Gretchen I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Craddock, Melissa A</creatorcontrib><title>American Kestrel Breeding Habitat: The Importance of Patch Size</title><title>The Journal of raptor research</title><description>Previous studies have examined vegetative cover and land use immediately surrounding American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) nest sites. However, the relationship of landscape-level habitat structure to nest-site selection has received little attention. Between 1995 and 2007, we erected nest boxes in pastures and meadows in northwestern New Jersey. The number of breeding pairs in boxes ranged from 2 in 1995 to 59 in 2002. We used a Geographic Information System to model habitats used by kestrels (open areas dominated by herbaceous vegetation) and delineated patches of contiguous suitable habitat within the study area and statewide. Nest boxes available in large (>1000 ha) patches of suitable habitat were occupied by kestrels at rates significantly higher than those in medium (250–1000 ha) or small (<250 ha) patches. Large patches exhibited relatively high occupancy rates every year, medium patches were most likely to be occupied during years when kestrels were abundant in the study area, and small patches were used infrequently, regardless of how many breeding pairs were present in the study area. That kestrels disproportionately select nest sites in contiguous patches sufficiently large to include many breeding territories has important implications for conservation strategies. We currently are using information on patch size to implement a statewide nest-box program for kestrels in New Jersey.</description><subject>American Kestrel</subject><subject>Breeding</subject><subject>breeding habitat</subject><subject>Conservation</subject><subject>Falco sparverius</subject><subject>Geographic information systems</subject><subject>Habitat</subject><subject>Land use</subject><subject>Meadows</subject><subject>Nest boxes</subject><subject>Nests</subject><subject>Pasture</subject><subject>patch size</subject><subject>Territory</subject><subject>Vegetation</subject><issn>0892-1016</issn><issn>2162-4569</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqF0DtPwzAUBWALgUQpTPwBbwghFz9iJ2ZBpQJaqAQqZbYc55oG5dHa6QC_nlRlhuks37m6OgidMzoSQqrrp8WC0IyodMQO0IAzxUkilT5EA5ppThhl6hidxPhJqaJU8AG6HdcQSmcb_AyxC1DhuwBQlM0Hntq87Gx3g5crwLN63YbONg5w6_Gr7dwKv5XfcIqOvK0inP3mEL0_3C8nUzJ_eZxNxnOSC8E6IoUslMvB-4LmvLBeCw3WSssTSIucgnIFMElTl_hMa8W9zVLnEst0X02FGKKL_d11aDfb_lVTl9FBVdkG2m00miaJEinT_8pMskRxJnfyai9daGMM4M06lLUNX4ZRs9vT9HsamhmVGtbry73Oy7Zt4E_7A2Q1dJk</recordid><startdate>200912</startdate><enddate>200912</enddate><creator>Smallwood, John A</creator><creator>Winkler, Peter</creator><creator>Fowles, Gretchen I</creator><creator>Craddock, Melissa A</creator><general>The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>C1K</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200912</creationdate><title>American Kestrel Breeding Habitat: The Importance of Patch Size</title><author>Smallwood, John A ; Winkler, Peter ; Fowles, Gretchen I ; Craddock, Melissa A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b331t-535d6cbeffd0b2daf939eaa5a24e7db0e6cde1507c4f89962fa87cc4a19535733</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>American Kestrel</topic><topic>Breeding</topic><topic>breeding habitat</topic><topic>Conservation</topic><topic>Falco sparverius</topic><topic>Geographic information systems</topic><topic>Habitat</topic><topic>Land use</topic><topic>Meadows</topic><topic>Nest boxes</topic><topic>Nests</topic><topic>Pasture</topic><topic>patch size</topic><topic>Territory</topic><topic>Vegetation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Smallwood, John A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Winkler, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fowles, Gretchen I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Craddock, Melissa A</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><jtitle>The Journal of raptor research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Smallwood, John A</au><au>Winkler, Peter</au><au>Fowles, Gretchen I</au><au>Craddock, Melissa A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>American Kestrel Breeding Habitat: The Importance of Patch Size</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of raptor research</jtitle><date>2009-12</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>43</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>308</spage><epage>314</epage><pages>308-314</pages><issn>0892-1016</issn><eissn>2162-4569</eissn><abstract>Previous studies have examined vegetative cover and land use immediately surrounding American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) nest sites. 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| identifier | ISSN: 0892-1016 |
| ispartof | The Journal of raptor research, 2009-12, Vol.43 (4), p.308-314 |
| issn | 0892-1016 2162-4569 |
| language | eng |
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| source | BioOne |
| subjects | American Kestrel Breeding breeding habitat Conservation Falco sparverius Geographic information systems Habitat Land use Meadows Nest boxes Nests Pasture patch size Territory Vegetation |
| title | American Kestrel Breeding Habitat: The Importance of Patch Size |
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