Demographic Faultlines: A Meta-Analysis of the Literature
We propose and test a theoretical model focusing on antecedents and consequences of demographic faultlines. We also posit contingencies that affect overall team dynamics in the context of demographic faultlines, such as the study setting and performance measurement. Using meta-analysis structural eq...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of applied psychology 2011-11, Vol.96 (6), p.1119-1139 |
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| container_title | Journal of applied psychology |
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| creator | Thatcher, Sherry M. B. Patel, Pankaj C. |
| description | We propose and test a theoretical model focusing on antecedents and consequences of demographic faultlines. We also posit contingencies that affect overall team dynamics in the context of demographic faultlines, such as the study setting and performance measurement. Using meta-analysis structural equation modeling with a final data set consisting of 311 data points (i.e., k [predictor-criterion relationships]), from 39 studies that were obtained from 36 papers with a total sample size of 24,388 individuals in 4,366 teams, we found that sex and racial diversity increased demographic faultline strength more than did diversity on the attributes of functional background, educational background, age, and tenure. Demographic faultline strength was found to increase task and relationship conflict as well as decrease team cohesion. Furthermore, although demographic faultline strength decreased both team satisfaction and team performance, there was a stronger decrease in team performance than in team satisfaction. The strength of these relationships increased when the study was conducted in the lab rather than in the field. We describe the theoretical and practical implications of these findings for advancing the study of faultlines. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1037/a0024167 |
| format | Article |
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B. ; Patel, Pankaj C.</creator><contributor>Kozlowski, Steve W. J</contributor><creatorcontrib>Thatcher, Sherry M. B. ; Patel, Pankaj C. ; Kozlowski, Steve W. J</creatorcontrib><description>We propose and test a theoretical model focusing on antecedents and consequences of demographic faultlines. We also posit contingencies that affect overall team dynamics in the context of demographic faultlines, such as the study setting and performance measurement. Using meta-analysis structural equation modeling with a final data set consisting of 311 data points (i.e., k [predictor-criterion relationships]), from 39 studies that were obtained from 36 papers with a total sample size of 24,388 individuals in 4,366 teams, we found that sex and racial diversity increased demographic faultline strength more than did diversity on the attributes of functional background, educational background, age, and tenure. Demographic faultline strength was found to increase task and relationship conflict as well as decrease team cohesion. Furthermore, although demographic faultline strength decreased both team satisfaction and team performance, there was a stronger decrease in team performance than in team satisfaction. The strength of these relationships increased when the study was conducted in the lab rather than in the field. We describe the theoretical and practical implications of these findings for advancing the study of faultlines.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-9010</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-1854</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1037/a0024167</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21688882</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAPGBP</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Psychological Association</publisher><subject>Biological and medical sciences ; Cohesion ; Conflict ; Conflict (Psychology) ; Continental Population Groups - psychology ; Continental Population Groups - statistics & numerical data ; Contingencies ; Cooperative Behavior ; Cultural Differences ; Demographics ; Demography ; Diversity ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Group Dynamics ; Group performance ; Group Processes ; Human ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Job performance ; Level of education ; Male ; Measurement ; Meta Analysis ; Modelling ; Models, Psychological ; Occupational psychology ; Organization and management. Professional relation ; Organizational behavior ; Organizational behaviour ; Personal Satisfaction ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychophysiology ; Sex Distribution ; Social cohesion ; Structural Equation Modeling ; Structural Equation Models ; Studies ; Systematic review ; Teams ; Teamwork ; Tenure ; Work Teams</subject><ispartof>Journal of applied psychology, 2011-11, Vol.96 (6), p.1119-1139</ispartof><rights>2011 American Psychological Association</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>(c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved.</rights><rights>2011, American Psychological Association</rights><rights>Copyright American Psychological Association Nov 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a490t-2dfe2e605290a546657e09dd554b32502ba5c793dc4b26e4ab8a17be741d8503</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,30976,30977</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ949053$$DView record in ERIC$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=24746717$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21688882$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Kozlowski, Steve W. J</contributor><creatorcontrib>Thatcher, Sherry M. B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patel, Pankaj C.</creatorcontrib><title>Demographic Faultlines: A Meta-Analysis of the Literature</title><title>Journal of applied psychology</title><addtitle>J Appl Psychol</addtitle><description>We propose and test a theoretical model focusing on antecedents and consequences of demographic faultlines. We also posit contingencies that affect overall team dynamics in the context of demographic faultlines, such as the study setting and performance measurement. Using meta-analysis structural equation modeling with a final data set consisting of 311 data points (i.e., k [predictor-criterion relationships]), from 39 studies that were obtained from 36 papers with a total sample size of 24,388 individuals in 4,366 teams, we found that sex and racial diversity increased demographic faultline strength more than did diversity on the attributes of functional background, educational background, age, and tenure. Demographic faultline strength was found to increase task and relationship conflict as well as decrease team cohesion. Furthermore, although demographic faultline strength decreased both team satisfaction and team performance, there was a stronger decrease in team performance than in team satisfaction. The strength of these relationships increased when the study was conducted in the lab rather than in the field. We describe the theoretical and practical implications of these findings for advancing the study of faultlines.</description><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cohesion</subject><subject>Conflict</subject><subject>Conflict (Psychology)</subject><subject>Continental Population Groups - psychology</subject><subject>Continental Population Groups - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Contingencies</subject><subject>Cooperative Behavior</subject><subject>Cultural Differences</subject><subject>Demographics</subject><subject>Demography</subject><subject>Diversity</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Group Dynamics</subject><subject>Group performance</subject><subject>Group Processes</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Interpersonal Relations</subject><subject>Job performance</subject><subject>Level of education</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Measurement</subject><subject>Meta Analysis</subject><subject>Modelling</subject><subject>Models, Psychological</subject><subject>Occupational psychology</subject><subject>Organization and management. Professional relation</subject><subject>Organizational behavior</subject><subject>Organizational behaviour</subject><subject>Personal Satisfaction</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychophysiology</subject><subject>Sex Distribution</subject><subject>Social cohesion</subject><subject>Structural Equation Modeling</subject><subject>Structural Equation Models</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Systematic review</subject><subject>Teams</subject><subject>Teamwork</subject><subject>Tenure</subject><subject>Work Teams</subject><issn>0021-9010</issn><issn>1939-1854</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0k1v1DAQBmALgei2IPEDEIqQKjgQGH_H3Fal5UOLuPRuTZwJTZVNgp0c9t_j1W5biUOFL5Y8j2Ysv2bsFYePHKT9hABCcWOfsBV30pW80uopW-VTXjrgcMJOU7oF4Eo6eM5OBDdVXmLF3Bfajr8jTjddKK5w6ee-Gyh9LtbFT5qxXA_Y71KXirEt5hsqNt1MEecl0gv2rMU-0cvjfsaury6vL76Vm19fv1-sNyUqB3MpmpYEGdDCAWpljLYErmm0VrUUGkSNOlgnm6BqYUhhXSG3NVnFm0qDPGPvDm2nOP5ZKM1-26VAfY8DjUvyDkQFtpI2y_ePSg7CGmsqa_6HSnBWK5np23_o7bjE_Cr70UorlWc_hiorJRfOuIehIY4pRWr9FLstxl0e5_cx-rsYM31z7LfUW2ru4V1uGZwfAaaAfRtxCF16cMoqY_m-0euDo9iF-_LlD5ez0ft7fziUcUI_pV3AOHehpxSWGGmYPU69d8Ybz3n-WH8BMRG4Kw</recordid><startdate>20111101</startdate><enddate>20111101</enddate><creator>Thatcher, Sherry M. B.</creator><creator>Patel, Pankaj C.</creator><general>American Psychological Association</general><scope>7SW</scope><scope>BJH</scope><scope>BNH</scope><scope>BNI</scope><scope>BNJ</scope><scope>BNO</scope><scope>ERI</scope><scope>PET</scope><scope>REK</scope><scope>WWN</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7RZ</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20111101</creationdate><title>Demographic Faultlines: A Meta-Analysis of the Literature</title><author>Thatcher, Sherry M. B. ; Patel, Pankaj C.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a490t-2dfe2e605290a546657e09dd554b32502ba5c793dc4b26e4ab8a17be741d8503</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cohesion</topic><topic>Conflict</topic><topic>Conflict (Psychology)</topic><topic>Continental Population Groups - psychology</topic><topic>Continental Population Groups - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Contingencies</topic><topic>Cooperative Behavior</topic><topic>Cultural Differences</topic><topic>Demographics</topic><topic>Demography</topic><topic>Diversity</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Group Dynamics</topic><topic>Group performance</topic><topic>Group Processes</topic><topic>Human</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Interpersonal Relations</topic><topic>Job performance</topic><topic>Level of education</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Measurement</topic><topic>Meta Analysis</topic><topic>Modelling</topic><topic>Models, Psychological</topic><topic>Occupational psychology</topic><topic>Organization and management. Professional relation</topic><topic>Organizational behavior</topic><topic>Organizational behaviour</topic><topic>Personal Satisfaction</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychophysiology</topic><topic>Sex Distribution</topic><topic>Social cohesion</topic><topic>Structural Equation Modeling</topic><topic>Structural Equation Models</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Systematic review</topic><topic>Teams</topic><topic>Teamwork</topic><topic>Tenure</topic><topic>Work Teams</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Thatcher, Sherry M. 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B.</au><au>Patel, Pankaj C.</au><au>Kozlowski, Steve W. J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ949053</ericid><atitle>Demographic Faultlines: A Meta-Analysis of the Literature</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied psychology</jtitle><addtitle>J Appl Psychol</addtitle><date>2011-11-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>96</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1119</spage><epage>1139</epage><pages>1119-1139</pages><issn>0021-9010</issn><eissn>1939-1854</eissn><coden>JAPGBP</coden><abstract>We propose and test a theoretical model focusing on antecedents and consequences of demographic faultlines. We also posit contingencies that affect overall team dynamics in the context of demographic faultlines, such as the study setting and performance measurement. 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We describe the theoretical and practical implications of these findings for advancing the study of faultlines.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Psychological Association</pub><pmid>21688882</pmid><doi>10.1037/a0024167</doi><tpages>21</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Biological and medical sciences Cohesion Conflict Conflict (Psychology) Continental Population Groups - psychology Continental Population Groups - statistics & numerical data Contingencies Cooperative Behavior Cultural Differences Demographics Demography Diversity Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Group Dynamics Group performance Group Processes Human Humans Interpersonal Relations Job performance Level of education Male Measurement Meta Analysis Modelling Models, Psychological Occupational psychology Organization and management. Professional relation Organizational behavior Organizational behaviour Personal Satisfaction Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Sex Distribution Social cohesion Structural Equation Modeling Structural Equation Models Studies Systematic review Teams Teamwork Tenure Work Teams |
| title | Demographic Faultlines: A Meta-Analysis of the Literature |
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