Neural Activation Toward Erotic Stimuli in Homosexual and Heterosexual Males
Studies investigating sexual arousal exist, yet there are diverging findings on the underlying neural mechanisms with regard to sexual orientation. Moreover, sexual arousal effects have often been confounded with general arousal effects. Hence, it is still unclear which structures underlie the sexua...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of sexual medicine 2011-11, Vol.8 (11), p.3132-3143 |
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| creator | Kagerer, Sabine Klucken, T.m. Wehrum, Sina Zimmermann, Mark Schienle, Anne Walter, Bertram Vaitl, Dieter Stark, Rudolf |
| description | Studies investigating sexual arousal exist, yet there are diverging findings on the underlying neural mechanisms with regard to sexual orientation. Moreover, sexual arousal effects have often been confounded with general arousal effects. Hence, it is still unclear which structures underlie the sexual arousal response in homosexual and heterosexual men.
Neural activity and subjective responses were investigated in order to disentangle sexual from general arousal. Considering sexual orientation, differential and conjoint neural activations were of interest.
The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study focused on the neural networks involved in the processing of sexual stimuli in 21 male participants (11 homosexual, 10 heterosexual). Both groups viewed pictures with erotic content as well as aversive and neutral stimuli. The erotic pictures were subdivided into three categories (most sexually arousing, least sexually arousing, and rest) based on the individual subjective ratings of each participant.
Blood oxygen level‐dependent responses measured by fMRI and subjective ratings.
A conjunction analysis revealed conjoint neural activation related to sexual arousal in thalamus, hypothalamus, occipital cortex, and nucleus accumbens. Increased insula, amygdala, and anterior cingulate gyrus activation could be linked to general arousal. Group differences emerged neither when viewing the most sexually arousing pictures compared with highly arousing aversive pictures nor compared with neutral pictures.
Results suggest that a widespread neural network is activated by highly sexually arousing visual stimuli. A partly distinct network of structures underlies sexual and general arousal effects. The processing of preferred, highly sexually arousing stimuli recruited similar structures in homosexual and heterosexual males. Kagerer S, Klucken T, Wehrum S, Zimmermann M, Schienle A, Walter B, Vaitl B, and Stark R. Neural activation toward erotic stimuli in homosexual and heterosexual males. J Sex Med 2011;8:3132–3143. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02449.x |
| format | Article |
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Neural activity and subjective responses were investigated in order to disentangle sexual from general arousal. Considering sexual orientation, differential and conjoint neural activations were of interest.
The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study focused on the neural networks involved in the processing of sexual stimuli in 21 male participants (11 homosexual, 10 heterosexual). Both groups viewed pictures with erotic content as well as aversive and neutral stimuli. The erotic pictures were subdivided into three categories (most sexually arousing, least sexually arousing, and rest) based on the individual subjective ratings of each participant.
Blood oxygen level‐dependent responses measured by fMRI and subjective ratings.
A conjunction analysis revealed conjoint neural activation related to sexual arousal in thalamus, hypothalamus, occipital cortex, and nucleus accumbens. Increased insula, amygdala, and anterior cingulate gyrus activation could be linked to general arousal. Group differences emerged neither when viewing the most sexually arousing pictures compared with highly arousing aversive pictures nor compared with neutral pictures.
Results suggest that a widespread neural network is activated by highly sexually arousing visual stimuli. A partly distinct network of structures underlies sexual and general arousal effects. The processing of preferred, highly sexually arousing stimuli recruited similar structures in homosexual and heterosexual males. Kagerer S, Klucken T, Wehrum S, Zimmermann M, Schienle A, Walter B, Vaitl B, and Stark R. Neural activation toward erotic stimuli in homosexual and heterosexual males. J Sex Med 2011;8:3132–3143.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1743-6095</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1743-6109</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02449.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21883951</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Malden, USA: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Amygdala ; Arousal - physiology ; Brain - physiology ; Erotic Stimuli ; Erotica - psychology ; fMRI ; Functional Neuroimaging ; Heterosexuality - physiology ; Heterosexuality - psychology ; Homosexual ; Homosexuality, Male - psychology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Sexual Arousal ; Sexual Behavior - physiology ; Sexual Behavior - psychology ; Sexual Orientation ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Journal of sexual medicine, 2011-11, Vol.8 (11), p.3132-3143</ispartof><rights>2011 International Society for Sexual Medicine</rights><rights>2011 International Society for Sexual Medicine.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4989-905f427232e140796d5afab4311e0bc335f916fb8338ba7ef748e10797d398ed3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4989-905f427232e140796d5afab4311e0bc335f916fb8338ba7ef748e10797d398ed3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1743-6109.2011.02449.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1743-6109.2011.02449.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21883951$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kagerer, Sabine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klucken, T.m.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wehrum, Sina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zimmermann, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schienle, Anne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walter, Bertram</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vaitl, Dieter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stark, Rudolf</creatorcontrib><title>Neural Activation Toward Erotic Stimuli in Homosexual and Heterosexual Males</title><title>Journal of sexual medicine</title><addtitle>J Sex Med</addtitle><description>Studies investigating sexual arousal exist, yet there are diverging findings on the underlying neural mechanisms with regard to sexual orientation. Moreover, sexual arousal effects have often been confounded with general arousal effects. Hence, it is still unclear which structures underlie the sexual arousal response in homosexual and heterosexual men.
Neural activity and subjective responses were investigated in order to disentangle sexual from general arousal. Considering sexual orientation, differential and conjoint neural activations were of interest.
The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study focused on the neural networks involved in the processing of sexual stimuli in 21 male participants (11 homosexual, 10 heterosexual). Both groups viewed pictures with erotic content as well as aversive and neutral stimuli. The erotic pictures were subdivided into three categories (most sexually arousing, least sexually arousing, and rest) based on the individual subjective ratings of each participant.
Blood oxygen level‐dependent responses measured by fMRI and subjective ratings.
A conjunction analysis revealed conjoint neural activation related to sexual arousal in thalamus, hypothalamus, occipital cortex, and nucleus accumbens. Increased insula, amygdala, and anterior cingulate gyrus activation could be linked to general arousal. Group differences emerged neither when viewing the most sexually arousing pictures compared with highly arousing aversive pictures nor compared with neutral pictures.
Results suggest that a widespread neural network is activated by highly sexually arousing visual stimuli. A partly distinct network of structures underlies sexual and general arousal effects. The processing of preferred, highly sexually arousing stimuli recruited similar structures in homosexual and heterosexual males. Kagerer S, Klucken T, Wehrum S, Zimmermann M, Schienle A, Walter B, Vaitl B, and Stark R. Neural activation toward erotic stimuli in homosexual and heterosexual males. J Sex Med 2011;8:3132–3143.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Amygdala</subject><subject>Arousal - physiology</subject><subject>Brain - physiology</subject><subject>Erotic Stimuli</subject><subject>Erotica - psychology</subject><subject>fMRI</subject><subject>Functional Neuroimaging</subject><subject>Heterosexuality - physiology</subject><subject>Heterosexuality - psychology</subject><subject>Homosexual</subject><subject>Homosexuality, Male - psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Sexual Arousal</subject><subject>Sexual Behavior - physiology</subject><subject>Sexual Behavior - psychology</subject><subject>Sexual Orientation</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1743-6095</issn><issn>1743-6109</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU1v1DAQhi0EoqXwF1BucEnwxM6HDxxK1XZB24LUReU2cpyJ5CUfxU7a7b_HId09AnPxyH7edzSvGYuAJxDqwzaBQoo4B66SlAMkPJVSJbtn7Pjw8Hzfc5UdsVfebzkXodKX7CiFshQqg2O2vqbJ6TY6NaO916Md-mgzPGhXR-duGK2JbkbbTa2NbB-thm7wtJsCrvs6WtFIbn9xpVvyr9mLRree3jydJ-z7xfnmbBWvv15-Pjtdx0aqUsWKZ41Mi1SkBJIXKq8z3ehKCgDilREiaxTkTVUKUVa6oKaQJUEAi1qokmpxwt4tvndu-DWRH7Gz3lDb6p6GyaPiwPk8KpDv_0qCVGkOEKwDWi6oCUt5Rw3eOdtp94jAcU4dtzgHinO4OKeOf1LHXZC-fZoyVR3VB-E-5gB8XIAH29Ljfxvjl5uruQv6eNFbP9LuoNfuJ-aFKDK8vb7EH7f8It8Ihd8C_2nhKfzCvSWH3ljqDdXWkRmxHuy_t_oNmPezbw</recordid><startdate>201111</startdate><enddate>201111</enddate><creator>Kagerer, Sabine</creator><creator>Klucken, T.m.</creator><creator>Wehrum, Sina</creator><creator>Zimmermann, Mark</creator><creator>Schienle, Anne</creator><creator>Walter, Bertram</creator><creator>Vaitl, Dieter</creator><creator>Stark, Rudolf</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Blackwell Publishing Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201111</creationdate><title>Neural Activation Toward Erotic Stimuli in Homosexual and Heterosexual Males</title><author>Kagerer, Sabine ; Klucken, T.m. ; Wehrum, Sina ; Zimmermann, Mark ; Schienle, Anne ; Walter, Bertram ; Vaitl, Dieter ; Stark, Rudolf</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4989-905f427232e140796d5afab4311e0bc335f916fb8338ba7ef748e10797d398ed3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Amygdala</topic><topic>Arousal - physiology</topic><topic>Brain - physiology</topic><topic>Erotic Stimuli</topic><topic>Erotica - psychology</topic><topic>fMRI</topic><topic>Functional Neuroimaging</topic><topic>Heterosexuality - physiology</topic><topic>Heterosexuality - psychology</topic><topic>Homosexual</topic><topic>Homosexuality, Male - psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Sexual Arousal</topic><topic>Sexual Behavior - physiology</topic><topic>Sexual Behavior - psychology</topic><topic>Sexual Orientation</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kagerer, Sabine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klucken, T.m.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wehrum, Sina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zimmermann, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schienle, Anne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walter, Bertram</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vaitl, Dieter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stark, Rudolf</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of sexual medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kagerer, Sabine</au><au>Klucken, T.m.</au><au>Wehrum, Sina</au><au>Zimmermann, Mark</au><au>Schienle, Anne</au><au>Walter, Bertram</au><au>Vaitl, Dieter</au><au>Stark, Rudolf</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Neural Activation Toward Erotic Stimuli in Homosexual and Heterosexual Males</atitle><jtitle>Journal of sexual medicine</jtitle><addtitle>J Sex Med</addtitle><date>2011-11</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>3132</spage><epage>3143</epage><pages>3132-3143</pages><issn>1743-6095</issn><eissn>1743-6109</eissn><abstract>Studies investigating sexual arousal exist, yet there are diverging findings on the underlying neural mechanisms with regard to sexual orientation. Moreover, sexual arousal effects have often been confounded with general arousal effects. Hence, it is still unclear which structures underlie the sexual arousal response in homosexual and heterosexual men.
Neural activity and subjective responses were investigated in order to disentangle sexual from general arousal. Considering sexual orientation, differential and conjoint neural activations were of interest.
The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study focused on the neural networks involved in the processing of sexual stimuli in 21 male participants (11 homosexual, 10 heterosexual). Both groups viewed pictures with erotic content as well as aversive and neutral stimuli. The erotic pictures were subdivided into three categories (most sexually arousing, least sexually arousing, and rest) based on the individual subjective ratings of each participant.
Blood oxygen level‐dependent responses measured by fMRI and subjective ratings.
A conjunction analysis revealed conjoint neural activation related to sexual arousal in thalamus, hypothalamus, occipital cortex, and nucleus accumbens. Increased insula, amygdala, and anterior cingulate gyrus activation could be linked to general arousal. Group differences emerged neither when viewing the most sexually arousing pictures compared with highly arousing aversive pictures nor compared with neutral pictures.
Results suggest that a widespread neural network is activated by highly sexually arousing visual stimuli. A partly distinct network of structures underlies sexual and general arousal effects. The processing of preferred, highly sexually arousing stimuli recruited similar structures in homosexual and heterosexual males. Kagerer S, Klucken T, Wehrum S, Zimmermann M, Schienle A, Walter B, Vaitl B, and Stark R. Neural activation toward erotic stimuli in homosexual and heterosexual males. J Sex Med 2011;8:3132–3143.</abstract><cop>Malden, USA</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>21883951</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02449.x</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of sexual medicine, 2011-11, Vol.8 (11), p.3132-3143 |
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| source | Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Adult Amygdala Arousal - physiology Brain - physiology Erotic Stimuli Erotica - psychology fMRI Functional Neuroimaging Heterosexuality - physiology Heterosexuality - psychology Homosexual Homosexuality, Male - psychology Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Sexual Arousal Sexual Behavior - physiology Sexual Behavior - psychology Sexual Orientation Young Adult |
| title | Neural Activation Toward Erotic Stimuli in Homosexual and Heterosexual Males |
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