Effects of Metal Mining and Milling on Boundary Waters of Yellowstone National Park, USA

/ Aquatic resources in Soda Butte Creek within Yellowstone National Park, USA, continue to be threatened by heavy metals from historical mining and milling activities that occurred upstream of the park's boundary. This includes the residue of gold, silver, and copper ore mining and processing i...

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Veröffentlicht in:Environmental Management 1998-11, Vol.22 (6), p.913-926
Hauptverfasser: NIMMO, DR, WILLOX, MJ, LAFRANCOIS, TD, CHAPMAN, PL, BRINKMAN, SF, GREENE, JC
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container_end_page 926
container_issue 6
container_start_page 913
container_title Environmental Management
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creator NIMMO, DR
WILLOX, MJ
LAFRANCOIS, TD
CHAPMAN, PL
BRINKMAN, SF
GREENE, JC
description / Aquatic resources in Soda Butte Creek within Yellowstone National Park, USA, continue to be threatened by heavy metals from historical mining and milling activities that occurred upstream of the park's boundary. This includes the residue of gold, silver, and copper ore mining and processing in the early 1900s near Cooke City, Montana, just downstream of the creek's headwaters. Toxicity tests, using surrogate test species, and analyses of metals in water, sediments, and macroinvertebrate tissue were conducted from 1993 to 1995. Chronic toxicity to test species was greater in the spring than the fall and metal concentrations were elevated in the spring with copper exceeding water quality criteria in 1995. Tests with amphipods using pore water and whole sediment from the creek and copper concentrations in the tissue of macroinvertebrates and fish also suggest that copper is the metal of concern in the watershed. In order to understand current conditions in Soda Butte Creek, heavy metals, especially copper, must be considered important factors in the aquatic and riparian ecosystems within and along the creek extending into Yellowstone National Park.KEY WORDS: Mining; Metals; Toxicity; Biomonitoring; Copper; Yellowstone National Park
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s002679900158
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This includes the residue of gold, silver, and copper ore mining and processing in the early 1900s near Cooke City, Montana, just downstream of the creek's headwaters. Toxicity tests, using surrogate test species, and analyses of metals in water, sediments, and macroinvertebrate tissue were conducted from 1993 to 1995. Chronic toxicity to test species was greater in the spring than the fall and metal concentrations were elevated in the spring with copper exceeding water quality criteria in 1995. Tests with amphipods using pore water and whole sediment from the creek and copper concentrations in the tissue of macroinvertebrates and fish also suggest that copper is the metal of concern in the watershed. 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This includes the residue of gold, silver, and copper ore mining and processing in the early 1900s near Cooke City, Montana, just downstream of the creek's headwaters. Toxicity tests, using surrogate test species, and analyses of metals in water, sediments, and macroinvertebrate tissue were conducted from 1993 to 1995. Chronic toxicity to test species was greater in the spring than the fall and metal concentrations were elevated in the spring with copper exceeding water quality criteria in 1995. Tests with amphipods using pore water and whole sediment from the creek and copper concentrations in the tissue of macroinvertebrates and fish also suggest that copper is the metal of concern in the watershed. In order to understand current conditions in Soda Butte Creek, heavy metals, especially copper, must be considered important factors in the aquatic and riparian ecosystems within and along the creek extending into Yellowstone National Park.KEY WORDS: Mining; Metals; Toxicity; Biomonitoring; Copper; Yellowstone National Park</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Springer Nature B.V</pub><pmid>9732520</pmid><doi>10.1007/s002679900158</doi><tpages>14</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS
BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, APPLIED STUDIES
COPPER
Copper mines
ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
Ecosystems
Environmental management
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Gold mines
MILL TAILINGS
MONTANA
National parks
NATURE RESERVES
Parks
Sediments
Silver mines
STREAMS
Toxicity
Water analysis
WATER POLLUTION
Water quality
Watersheds
title Effects of Metal Mining and Milling on Boundary Waters of Yellowstone National Park, USA
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