Gait, gait variability and the risk of multiple incident falls in older people: a population-based study
Background: it is uncertain as to which measures of gait best predict those who are likely to fall. Our aim was to investigate the associations of gait and gait variability measures with incident falls risk. Methods: individuals aged 60-86 years (n = 412) were randomly selected from the Tasmanian el...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Age and ageing 2011-07, Vol.40 (4), p.481-487 |
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| creator | Callisaya, Michele L. Blizzard, Leigh Schmidt, Michael D. Martin, Kara L. McGinley, Jennifer L. Sanders, Lauren M. Srikanth, Velandai K. |
| description | Background: it is uncertain as to which measures of gait best predict those who are likely to fall. Our aim was to investigate the associations of gait and gait variability measures with incident falls risk.
Methods: individuals aged 60-86 years (n = 412) were randomly selected from the Tasmanian electoral roll. Average gait and gait variability measures were collected on a computerised walkway. Falls were recorded prospectively over 12 months. Log multinomial regression was used to estimate the relative risk of single and multiple falls associated with gait measures. Covariates included age, sex, sensorimotor and cognitive measures, mood and medications.
Results: in this population-based study greater intra-individual variability in step length and double-support phase were linearly associated with increased risk of multiple falls (P = 0.04). Non-linear associations with multiple falls were found for gait speed P = 0.002, cadence P = 0.004 and step time variability P = 0.03. None of the gait measures predicted risk of single falls.
Conclusion: there is an increased risk of multiple falls, but not single falls, in older people with poorer gait. Specific measures of gait and gait variability seem to confer this risk and may be amenable to interventions designed to reduce the risk of multiple falls in older people. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/ageing/afr055 |
| format | Article |
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Methods: individuals aged 60-86 years (n = 412) were randomly selected from the Tasmanian electoral roll. Average gait and gait variability measures were collected on a computerised walkway. Falls were recorded prospectively over 12 months. Log multinomial regression was used to estimate the relative risk of single and multiple falls associated with gait measures. Covariates included age, sex, sensorimotor and cognitive measures, mood and medications.
Results: in this population-based study greater intra-individual variability in step length and double-support phase were linearly associated with increased risk of multiple falls (P = 0.04). Non-linear associations with multiple falls were found for gait speed P = 0.002, cadence P = 0.004 and step time variability P = 0.03. None of the gait measures predicted risk of single falls.
Conclusion: there is an increased risk of multiple falls, but not single falls, in older people with poorer gait. Specific measures of gait and gait variability seem to confer this risk and may be amenable to interventions designed to reduce the risk of multiple falls in older people.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-0729</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1468-2834</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afr055</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21628390</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AANGAH</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Accidental falls ; Accidental Falls - prevention & control ; Accidental Falls - statistics & numerical data ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Elder care ; Elderly ; Falls ; Falls (Accidents) ; Female ; Gait ; Health aspects ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moods ; Observations ; Older people ; Physiological aspects ; Prevention ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Risk reduction ; Safety and security measures ; Studies ; Tasmania - epidemiology ; Time Factors ; Variability</subject><ispartof>Age and ageing, 2011-07, Vol.40 (4), p.481-487</ispartof><rights>The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Geriatrics Society. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com 2011</rights><rights>Copyright Oxford Publishing Limited(England) Jul 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c527t-9975da3087ac0d959619833d6848074cc759e2f5123c0bed1e221306426bdd303</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c527t-9975da3087ac0d959619833d6848074cc759e2f5123c0bed1e221306426bdd303</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1578,27901,27902,30976,30977</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21628390$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Callisaya, Michele L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blizzard, Leigh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmidt, Michael D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martin, Kara L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McGinley, Jennifer L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanders, Lauren M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Srikanth, Velandai K.</creatorcontrib><title>Gait, gait variability and the risk of multiple incident falls in older people: a population-based study</title><title>Age and ageing</title><addtitle>Age Ageing</addtitle><description>Background: it is uncertain as to which measures of gait best predict those who are likely to fall. Our aim was to investigate the associations of gait and gait variability measures with incident falls risk.
Methods: individuals aged 60-86 years (n = 412) were randomly selected from the Tasmanian electoral roll. Average gait and gait variability measures were collected on a computerised walkway. Falls were recorded prospectively over 12 months. Log multinomial regression was used to estimate the relative risk of single and multiple falls associated with gait measures. Covariates included age, sex, sensorimotor and cognitive measures, mood and medications.
Results: in this population-based study greater intra-individual variability in step length and double-support phase were linearly associated with increased risk of multiple falls (P = 0.04). Non-linear associations with multiple falls were found for gait speed P = 0.002, cadence P = 0.004 and step time variability P = 0.03. None of the gait measures predicted risk of single falls.
Conclusion: there is an increased risk of multiple falls, but not single falls, in older people with poorer gait. Specific measures of gait and gait variability seem to confer this risk and may be amenable to interventions designed to reduce the risk of multiple falls in older people.</description><subject>Accidental falls</subject><subject>Accidental Falls - prevention & control</subject><subject>Accidental Falls - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Aging</subject><subject>Biomechanical Phenomena</subject><subject>Chi-Square Distribution</subject><subject>Elder care</subject><subject>Elderly</subject><subject>Falls</subject><subject>Falls (Accidents)</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gait</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Linear Models</subject><subject>Logistic Models</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Moods</subject><subject>Observations</subject><subject>Older people</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Risk Assessment</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Risk reduction</subject><subject>Safety and security measures</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Tasmania - epidemiology</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Variability</subject><issn>0002-0729</issn><issn>1468-2834</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU1vFSEUhonR2Gt16dYQN7pwLB_DDLhrbrSaNOlG14SBM1MqdxiBMd5_LzdTNXHTDeSEh3N4eRB6Scl7ShS_MBP4ebowYyJCPEI72nayYZK3j9GOEMIa0jN1hp7lfFdLKih7is4Y7SqiyA7dXhlf3uGprvinSd4MPvhyxGZ2uNwCTj5_x3HEhzUUvwTAfrbewVzwaELItcQxOEh4gViPP2CDl7iswRQf52YwGRzOZXXH5-hJvZHhxf1-jr59-vh1_7m5vrn6sr-8bqxgfWmU6oUznMjeWOKUUB1VknPXyVaSvrW2FwrYWGNwSwZwFBijnHQt6wbnOOHn6M3Wd0nxxwq56IPPFkIwM8Q1a6k6xoSi4mGyZ5SpXp7I1_-Rd3FNc41RISkVZ-1pcLNBkwmg6zfFucCvYmMIMIGuIfc3-pJ1tPpgiv7jbYo5Jxj1kvzBpKOmRJ_U6k2t3tRW_tX9I9bhAO4v_cdlBd5uQFyXB3r9BnY6rD8</recordid><startdate>20110701</startdate><enddate>20110701</enddate><creator>Callisaya, Michele L.</creator><creator>Blizzard, Leigh</creator><creator>Schmidt, Michael D.</creator><creator>Martin, Kara L.</creator><creator>McGinley, Jennifer L.</creator><creator>Sanders, Lauren M.</creator><creator>Srikanth, Velandai K.</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>Oxford Publishing Limited (England)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110701</creationdate><title>Gait, gait variability and the risk of multiple incident falls in older people: a population-based study</title><author>Callisaya, Michele L. ; Blizzard, Leigh ; Schmidt, Michael D. ; Martin, Kara L. ; McGinley, Jennifer L. ; Sanders, Lauren M. ; Srikanth, Velandai K.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c527t-9975da3087ac0d959619833d6848074cc759e2f5123c0bed1e221306426bdd303</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Accidental falls</topic><topic>Accidental Falls - prevention & control</topic><topic>Accidental Falls - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Aging</topic><topic>Biomechanical Phenomena</topic><topic>Chi-Square Distribution</topic><topic>Elder care</topic><topic>Elderly</topic><topic>Falls</topic><topic>Falls (Accidents)</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gait</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Linear Models</topic><topic>Logistic Models</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Moods</topic><topic>Observations</topic><topic>Older people</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Risk Assessment</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Risk reduction</topic><topic>Safety and security measures</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Tasmania - epidemiology</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Variability</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Callisaya, Michele L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blizzard, Leigh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmidt, Michael D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martin, Kara L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McGinley, Jennifer L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanders, Lauren M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Srikanth, Velandai K.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Age and ageing</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Callisaya, Michele L.</au><au>Blizzard, Leigh</au><au>Schmidt, Michael D.</au><au>Martin, Kara L.</au><au>McGinley, Jennifer L.</au><au>Sanders, Lauren M.</au><au>Srikanth, Velandai K.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Gait, gait variability and the risk of multiple incident falls in older people: a population-based study</atitle><jtitle>Age and ageing</jtitle><addtitle>Age Ageing</addtitle><date>2011-07-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>40</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>481</spage><epage>487</epage><pages>481-487</pages><issn>0002-0729</issn><eissn>1468-2834</eissn><coden>AANGAH</coden><abstract>Background: it is uncertain as to which measures of gait best predict those who are likely to fall. Our aim was to investigate the associations of gait and gait variability measures with incident falls risk.
Methods: individuals aged 60-86 years (n = 412) were randomly selected from the Tasmanian electoral roll. Average gait and gait variability measures were collected on a computerised walkway. Falls were recorded prospectively over 12 months. Log multinomial regression was used to estimate the relative risk of single and multiple falls associated with gait measures. Covariates included age, sex, sensorimotor and cognitive measures, mood and medications.
Results: in this population-based study greater intra-individual variability in step length and double-support phase were linearly associated with increased risk of multiple falls (P = 0.04). Non-linear associations with multiple falls were found for gait speed P = 0.002, cadence P = 0.004 and step time variability P = 0.03. None of the gait measures predicted risk of single falls.
Conclusion: there is an increased risk of multiple falls, but not single falls, in older people with poorer gait. Specific measures of gait and gait variability seem to confer this risk and may be amenable to interventions designed to reduce the risk of multiple falls in older people.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>21628390</pmid><doi>10.1093/ageing/afr055</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Accidental falls Accidental Falls - prevention & control Accidental Falls - statistics & numerical data Age Factors Aged Aged, 80 and over Aging Biomechanical Phenomena Chi-Square Distribution Elder care Elderly Falls Falls (Accidents) Female Gait Health aspects Humans Linear Models Logistic Models Male Middle Aged Moods Observations Older people Physiological aspects Prevention Prospective Studies Risk Assessment Risk Factors Risk reduction Safety and security measures Studies Tasmania - epidemiology Time Factors Variability |
| title | Gait, gait variability and the risk of multiple incident falls in older people: a population-based study |
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