Mindfulness Is Associated With Fewer PTSD Symptoms, Depressive Symptoms, Physical Symptoms, and Alcohol Problems in Urban Firefighters
Objective: This study investigated the association between mindfulness, other resilience resources, and several measures of health in 124 urban firefighters. Method: Participants completed health measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depressive symptoms, physical symptoms, and a...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of consulting and clinical psychology 2011-10, Vol.79 (5), p.613-617 |
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| container_title | Journal of consulting and clinical psychology |
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| creator | Smith, Bruce W. Ortiz, J. Alexis Steffen, Laurie E. Tooley, Erin M. Wiggins, Kathryn T. Yeater, Elizabeth A. Montoya, John D. Bernard, Michael L. |
| description | Objective: This study investigated the association between mindfulness, other resilience resources, and several measures of health in 124 urban firefighters. Method: Participants completed health measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depressive symptoms, physical symptoms, and alcohol problems and measures of resilience resources including mindfulness, optimism, personal mastery, and social support. The Mindful Awareness and Attention Scale (MAAS; Brown & Ryan, 2003) was used to assess mindfulness. Participants also completed measures of firefighter stress, number of calls, and years as a firefighter as control variables. Hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted with the health measures as the dependent variables with 3 levels of independent variables: (a) demographic characteristics, (b) firefighter variables, and (c) resilience resources. Results: The results showed that mindfulness was associated with fewer PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, physical symptoms, and alcohol problems when controlling for the other study variables. Personal mastery and social support were also related to fewer depressive symptoms, firefighter stress was related to more PTSD symptoms and alcohol problems, and years as a firefighter were related to fewer alcohol problems. Conclusions: Mindfulness may be important to consider and include in models of stress, coping, and resilience in firefighters. Future studies should examine the prospective relationship between mindfulness and health in firefighters and others in high-stress occupations. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1037/a0025189 |
| format | Article |
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Alexis ; Steffen, Laurie E. ; Tooley, Erin M. ; Wiggins, Kathryn T. ; Yeater, Elizabeth A. ; Montoya, John D. ; Bernard, Michael L.</creator><contributor>Nezu, Arthur M</contributor><creatorcontrib>Smith, Bruce W. ; Ortiz, J. Alexis ; Steffen, Laurie E. ; Tooley, Erin M. ; Wiggins, Kathryn T. ; Yeater, Elizabeth A. ; Montoya, John D. ; Bernard, Michael L. ; Nezu, Arthur M</creatorcontrib><description>Objective: This study investigated the association between mindfulness, other resilience resources, and several measures of health in 124 urban firefighters. Method: Participants completed health measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depressive symptoms, physical symptoms, and alcohol problems and measures of resilience resources including mindfulness, optimism, personal mastery, and social support. The Mindful Awareness and Attention Scale (MAAS; Brown & Ryan, 2003) was used to assess mindfulness. Participants also completed measures of firefighter stress, number of calls, and years as a firefighter as control variables. Hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted with the health measures as the dependent variables with 3 levels of independent variables: (a) demographic characteristics, (b) firefighter variables, and (c) resilience resources. Results: The results showed that mindfulness was associated with fewer PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, physical symptoms, and alcohol problems when controlling for the other study variables. Personal mastery and social support were also related to fewer depressive symptoms, firefighter stress was related to more PTSD symptoms and alcohol problems, and years as a firefighter were related to fewer alcohol problems. Conclusions: Mindfulness may be important to consider and include in models of stress, coping, and resilience in firefighters. Future studies should examine the prospective relationship between mindfulness and health in firefighters and others in high-stress occupations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-006X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-2117</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1037/a0025189</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21875175</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JCLPBC</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Psychological Association</publisher><subject>Addictive behaviors ; Adult ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Alcohol Abuse ; Alcohol use ; Alcoholism ; Alcoholism - psychology ; Anxiety disorders. Neuroses ; Attention - physiology ; Awareness ; Awareness - physiology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Clinical psychology ; Depression ; Depression (Psychology) ; Fire Fighters ; Fire Protection ; Firefighters ; Firefighters - psychology ; Human ; Humans ; Major Depression ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Mental depression ; Mindfulness ; Mood disorders ; Personality Traits ; Physical symptoms ; Post traumatic stress disorder ; Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ; Psychological Patterns ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Resilience ; Resilience (Psychology) ; Resilience, Psychological ; Social Support ; Social Support Groups ; Stress ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology ; Stress Variables ; Stress, Psychological - psychology ; Symptoms ; Symptoms (Individual Disorders) ; Trauma ; Urban Areas ; Urban Environments ; Urban Population ; Workload - psychology</subject><ispartof>Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 2011-10, Vol.79 (5), p.613-617</ispartof><rights>2011 American Psychological Association</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>2011, American Psychological Association</rights><rights>Copyright American Psychological Association Oct 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a488t-b3de6e1f3edc506d724026231c92e7a085c78cca1f9bc86d6eddf63081bb68833</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27915,27916,30990,30991</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ945195$$DView record in ERIC$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=24595075$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21875175$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Nezu, Arthur M</contributor><creatorcontrib>Smith, Bruce W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ortiz, J. Alexis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steffen, Laurie E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tooley, Erin M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wiggins, Kathryn T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yeater, Elizabeth A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Montoya, John D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bernard, Michael L.</creatorcontrib><title>Mindfulness Is Associated With Fewer PTSD Symptoms, Depressive Symptoms, Physical Symptoms, and Alcohol Problems in Urban Firefighters</title><title>Journal of consulting and clinical psychology</title><addtitle>J Consult Clin Psychol</addtitle><description>Objective: This study investigated the association between mindfulness, other resilience resources, and several measures of health in 124 urban firefighters. Method: Participants completed health measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depressive symptoms, physical symptoms, and alcohol problems and measures of resilience resources including mindfulness, optimism, personal mastery, and social support. The Mindful Awareness and Attention Scale (MAAS; Brown & Ryan, 2003) was used to assess mindfulness. Participants also completed measures of firefighter stress, number of calls, and years as a firefighter as control variables. Hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted with the health measures as the dependent variables with 3 levels of independent variables: (a) demographic characteristics, (b) firefighter variables, and (c) resilience resources. Results: The results showed that mindfulness was associated with fewer PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, physical symptoms, and alcohol problems when controlling for the other study variables. Personal mastery and social support were also related to fewer depressive symptoms, firefighter stress was related to more PTSD symptoms and alcohol problems, and years as a firefighter were related to fewer alcohol problems. Conclusions: Mindfulness may be important to consider and include in models of stress, coping, and resilience in firefighters. Future studies should examine the prospective relationship between mindfulness and health in firefighters and others in high-stress occupations.</description><subject>Addictive behaviors</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Alcohol Abuse</subject><subject>Alcohol use</subject><subject>Alcoholism</subject><subject>Alcoholism - psychology</subject><subject>Anxiety disorders. Neuroses</subject><subject>Attention - physiology</subject><subject>Awareness</subject><subject>Awareness - physiology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Clinical psychology</subject><subject>Depression</subject><subject>Depression (Psychology)</subject><subject>Fire Fighters</subject><subject>Fire Protection</subject><subject>Firefighters</subject><subject>Firefighters - psychology</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Major Depression</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Mindfulness</subject><subject>Mood disorders</subject><subject>Personality Traits</subject><subject>Physical symptoms</subject><subject>Post traumatic stress disorder</subject><subject>Posttraumatic Stress Disorder</subject><subject>Psychological Patterns</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Resilience</subject><subject>Resilience (Psychology)</subject><subject>Resilience, Psychological</subject><subject>Social Support</subject><subject>Social Support Groups</subject><subject>Stress</subject><subject>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis</subject><subject>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology</subject><subject>Stress Variables</subject><subject>Stress, Psychological - psychology</subject><subject>Symptoms</subject><subject>Symptoms (Individual Disorders)</subject><subject>Trauma</subject><subject>Urban Areas</subject><subject>Urban Environments</subject><subject>Urban Population</subject><subject>Workload - psychology</subject><issn>0022-006X</issn><issn>1939-2117</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNp90VtrFDEYBuAgil1XwR8gEgqioKM5TE6XS9vVSsWFtuhdyGS-cVPmZDKj7B_wdzvrbg940avA9z28IXkRek7Je0q4-uAIYYJq8wDNqOEmY5Sqh2g2TVlGiPx-gJ6kdEUIoZKIx-iAUa0EVWKG_nwJbVmNdQsp4dOEFyl1PrgBSvwtDGu8hN8Q8eri_Bifb5p-6Jr0Dh9DHycffsGd4Wq9ScG7-s7ItSVe1L5bdzVexa6ooUk4tPgyFq7FyxChCj_WA8T0FD2qXJ3g2f6co8vlycXRp-zs68fTo8VZ5nKth6zgJUigFYfSCyJLxXLCJOPUGwbKES280t47WpnCa1lKKMtKcqJpUUitOZ-j17vcPnY_R0iDbULyUNeuhW5MVptcM6KVmeSbeyUljBPD9JQ6R4f_0atujO30DmsI38Yxdh_SWgojlcxvL_WxS2n6HtvH0Li4ma6z26btddMTfbnPG4sGyht4Xe0EXu2BS1MtVXStD-nW5cII8s-92DmIwd-sTz6bXFCzXb_drV3vbJ823sUh-BqSH2OEdrDe91YZK6yknP8FckjH5w</recordid><startdate>20111001</startdate><enddate>20111001</enddate><creator>Smith, Bruce W.</creator><creator>Ortiz, J. Alexis</creator><creator>Steffen, Laurie E.</creator><creator>Tooley, Erin M.</creator><creator>Wiggins, Kathryn T.</creator><creator>Yeater, Elizabeth A.</creator><creator>Montoya, John D.</creator><creator>Bernard, Michael L.</creator><general>American Psychological Association</general><scope>7SW</scope><scope>BJH</scope><scope>BNH</scope><scope>BNI</scope><scope>BNJ</scope><scope>BNO</scope><scope>ERI</scope><scope>PET</scope><scope>REK</scope><scope>WWN</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7RZ</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20111001</creationdate><title>Mindfulness Is Associated With Fewer PTSD Symptoms, Depressive Symptoms, Physical Symptoms, and Alcohol Problems in Urban Firefighters</title><author>Smith, Bruce W. ; Ortiz, J. Alexis ; Steffen, Laurie E. ; Tooley, Erin M. ; Wiggins, Kathryn T. ; Yeater, Elizabeth A. ; Montoya, John D. ; Bernard, Michael L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a488t-b3de6e1f3edc506d724026231c92e7a085c78cca1f9bc86d6eddf63081bb68833</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Addictive behaviors</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>Alcohol Abuse</topic><topic>Alcohol use</topic><topic>Alcoholism</topic><topic>Alcoholism - psychology</topic><topic>Anxiety disorders. Neuroses</topic><topic>Attention - physiology</topic><topic>Awareness</topic><topic>Awareness - physiology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Clinical psychology</topic><topic>Depression</topic><topic>Depression (Psychology)</topic><topic>Fire Fighters</topic><topic>Fire Protection</topic><topic>Firefighters</topic><topic>Firefighters - psychology</topic><topic>Human</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Major Depression</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Mental depression</topic><topic>Mindfulness</topic><topic>Mood disorders</topic><topic>Personality Traits</topic><topic>Physical symptoms</topic><topic>Post traumatic stress disorder</topic><topic>Posttraumatic Stress Disorder</topic><topic>Psychological Patterns</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Resilience</topic><topic>Resilience (Psychology)</topic><topic>Resilience, Psychological</topic><topic>Social Support</topic><topic>Social Support Groups</topic><topic>Stress</topic><topic>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis</topic><topic>Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology</topic><topic>Stress Variables</topic><topic>Stress, Psychological - psychology</topic><topic>Symptoms</topic><topic>Symptoms (Individual Disorders)</topic><topic>Trauma</topic><topic>Urban Areas</topic><topic>Urban Environments</topic><topic>Urban Population</topic><topic>Workload - psychology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Smith, Bruce W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ortiz, J. Alexis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steffen, Laurie E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tooley, Erin M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wiggins, Kathryn T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yeater, Elizabeth A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Montoya, John D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bernard, Michael L.</creatorcontrib><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Ovid)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>ERIC( SilverPlatter )</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>APA PsycArticles®</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of consulting and clinical psychology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Smith, Bruce W.</au><au>Ortiz, J. Alexis</au><au>Steffen, Laurie E.</au><au>Tooley, Erin M.</au><au>Wiggins, Kathryn T.</au><au>Yeater, Elizabeth A.</au><au>Montoya, John D.</au><au>Bernard, Michael L.</au><au>Nezu, Arthur M</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ945195</ericid><atitle>Mindfulness Is Associated With Fewer PTSD Symptoms, Depressive Symptoms, Physical Symptoms, and Alcohol Problems in Urban Firefighters</atitle><jtitle>Journal of consulting and clinical psychology</jtitle><addtitle>J Consult Clin Psychol</addtitle><date>2011-10-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>79</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>613</spage><epage>617</epage><pages>613-617</pages><issn>0022-006X</issn><eissn>1939-2117</eissn><coden>JCLPBC</coden><abstract>Objective: This study investigated the association between mindfulness, other resilience resources, and several measures of health in 124 urban firefighters. Method: Participants completed health measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depressive symptoms, physical symptoms, and alcohol problems and measures of resilience resources including mindfulness, optimism, personal mastery, and social support. The Mindful Awareness and Attention Scale (MAAS; Brown & Ryan, 2003) was used to assess mindfulness. Participants also completed measures of firefighter stress, number of calls, and years as a firefighter as control variables. Hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted with the health measures as the dependent variables with 3 levels of independent variables: (a) demographic characteristics, (b) firefighter variables, and (c) resilience resources. Results: The results showed that mindfulness was associated with fewer PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, physical symptoms, and alcohol problems when controlling for the other study variables. Personal mastery and social support were also related to fewer depressive symptoms, firefighter stress was related to more PTSD symptoms and alcohol problems, and years as a firefighter were related to fewer alcohol problems. Conclusions: Mindfulness may be important to consider and include in models of stress, coping, and resilience in firefighters. Future studies should examine the prospective relationship between mindfulness and health in firefighters and others in high-stress occupations.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Psychological Association</pub><pmid>21875175</pmid><doi>10.1037/a0025189</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 2011-10, Vol.79 (5), p.613-617 |
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| subjects | Addictive behaviors Adult Adult and adolescent clinical studies Alcohol Abuse Alcohol use Alcoholism Alcoholism - psychology Anxiety disorders. Neuroses Attention - physiology Awareness Awareness - physiology Biological and medical sciences Clinical psychology Depression Depression (Psychology) Fire Fighters Fire Protection Firefighters Firefighters - psychology Human Humans Major Depression Male Medical sciences Mental depression Mindfulness Mood disorders Personality Traits Physical symptoms Post traumatic stress disorder Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychological Patterns Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Resilience Resilience (Psychology) Resilience, Psychological Social Support Social Support Groups Stress Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - diagnosis Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic - psychology Stress Variables Stress, Psychological - psychology Symptoms Symptoms (Individual Disorders) Trauma Urban Areas Urban Environments Urban Population Workload - psychology |
| title | Mindfulness Is Associated With Fewer PTSD Symptoms, Depressive Symptoms, Physical Symptoms, and Alcohol Problems in Urban Firefighters |
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