Second generation anticoagulant rodenticides in predatory birds: Probabilistic characterisation of toxic liver concentrations and implications for predatory bird populations in Canada
Second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides (SGARs) are widely used to control rodent pests but exposure and poisonings occur in non-target species, such as birds of prey. Liver residues are often analysed to detect exposure in birds found dead but their use to assess toxicity of SGARs is problemat...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environment international 2011-07, Vol.37 (5), p.914-920 |
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| creator | Thomas, Philippe J. Mineau, Pierre Shore, Richard F. Champoux, Louise Martin, Pamela A. Wilson, Laurie K. Fitzgerald, Guy Elliott, John E. |
| description | Second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides (SGARs) are widely used to control rodent pests but exposure and poisonings occur in non-target species, such as birds of prey. Liver residues are often analysed to detect exposure in birds found dead but their use to assess toxicity of SGARs is problematic. We analysed published data on hepatic rodenticide residues and associated symptoms of anticoagulant poisoning from 270 birds of prey using logistic regression to estimate the probability of toxicosis associated with different liver SGAR residues. We also evaluated exposure to SGARs on a national level in Canada by analysing 196 livers from great horned owls (Bubo virginianus) and red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) found dead at locations across the country. Analysis of a broader sample of raptor species from Quebec also helped define the taxonomic breadth of contamination. Calculated probability curves suggest significant species differences in sensitivity to SGARs and significant likelihood of toxicosis below previously suggested concentrations of concern ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.envint.2011.03.010 |
| format | Article |
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► There are significant species differences in sensitivity to rodenticides (SGARs). ► Likelihood of toxicosis is below previously suggested liver concentrations. ► In Canada, great horned owls are exposed to SGARs to a greater extent. ► Great horned owls had significantly higher SGAR liver residues. ► 11% of the great horned owl population sampled is at risk of dying from SGARs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0160-4120</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-6750</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2011.03.010</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21481471</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ENVIDV</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>4-Hydroxycoumarins - metabolism ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Animals ; Anticoagulant rodenticide ; Anticoagulants ; Anticoagulants - metabolism ; Applied ecology ; Aves ; Biological and medical sciences ; Birds ; Bubo virginianus ; Buteo jamaicensis ; Canada ; Contamination ; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution ; Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on vertebrates ; Environmental Monitoring ; Environmental Pollutants - metabolism ; Estimates ; Exposure ; Food Chain ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Hawks - metabolism ; Liver ; Liver - metabolism ; Liver residues ; Populations ; Probability ; Quebec ; Raptors - metabolism ; Residues ; Rodent ; Rodenticides - metabolism ; Strigiformes - metabolism ; Toxicity threshold</subject><ispartof>Environment international, 2011-07, Vol.37 (5), p.914-920</ispartof><rights>2011</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Crown Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c502t-c30082c2f6cfcc0f83f9c85b8f02b953a2e9eaa9590d8ba05a6e1745ce2de96a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c502t-c30082c2f6cfcc0f83f9c85b8f02b953a2e9eaa9590d8ba05a6e1745ce2de96a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2011.03.010$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=24202723$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21481471$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Thomas, Philippe J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mineau, Pierre</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shore, Richard F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Champoux, Louise</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martin, Pamela A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilson, Laurie K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fitzgerald, Guy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elliott, John E.</creatorcontrib><title>Second generation anticoagulant rodenticides in predatory birds: Probabilistic characterisation of toxic liver concentrations and implications for predatory bird populations in Canada</title><title>Environment international</title><addtitle>Environ Int</addtitle><description>Second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides (SGARs) are widely used to control rodent pests but exposure and poisonings occur in non-target species, such as birds of prey. Liver residues are often analysed to detect exposure in birds found dead but their use to assess toxicity of SGARs is problematic. We analysed published data on hepatic rodenticide residues and associated symptoms of anticoagulant poisoning from 270 birds of prey using logistic regression to estimate the probability of toxicosis associated with different liver SGAR residues. We also evaluated exposure to SGARs on a national level in Canada by analysing 196 livers from great horned owls (Bubo virginianus) and red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) found dead at locations across the country. Analysis of a broader sample of raptor species from Quebec also helped define the taxonomic breadth of contamination. Calculated probability curves suggest significant species differences in sensitivity to SGARs and significant likelihood of toxicosis below previously suggested concentrations of concern (<0.1mg/kg). Analysis of birds from Quebec showed that a broad range of raptor species are exposed to SGARs, indicating that generalised terrestrial food chains could be contaminated in the vicinity of the sampled areas. Of the two species for which we had samples from across Canada, great horned owls are exposed to SGARs to a greater extent than red-tailed hawks and the liver residue levels were also higher. Using our probability estimates of effect, we estimate that a minimum of 11% of the sampled great horned owl population is at risk of being directly killed by SGARs. This is the first time the potential mortality impact of SGARs on a raptor population has been estimated.
► There are significant species differences in sensitivity to rodenticides (SGARs). ► Likelihood of toxicosis is below previously suggested liver concentrations. ► In Canada, great horned owls are exposed to SGARs to a greater extent. ► Great horned owls had significantly higher SGAR liver residues. ► 11% of the great horned owl population sampled is at risk of dying from SGARs.</description><subject>4-Hydroxycoumarins - metabolism</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anticoagulant rodenticide</subject><subject>Anticoagulants</subject><subject>Anticoagulants - metabolism</subject><subject>Applied ecology</subject><subject>Aves</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Birds</subject><subject>Bubo virginianus</subject><subject>Buteo jamaicensis</subject><subject>Canada</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</subject><subject>Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on vertebrates</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring</subject><subject>Environmental Pollutants - metabolism</subject><subject>Estimates</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Food Chain</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Hawks - metabolism</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Liver - metabolism</subject><subject>Liver residues</subject><subject>Populations</subject><subject>Probability</subject><subject>Quebec</subject><subject>Raptors - metabolism</subject><subject>Residues</subject><subject>Rodent</subject><subject>Rodenticides - metabolism</subject><subject>Strigiformes - metabolism</subject><subject>Toxicity threshold</subject><issn>0160-4120</issn><issn>1873-6750</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kd2KFDEQhRtR3HH1DURyI3rTbSXp9I8XCzL4BwsK6nWoTiprhp5Om_QM7pP5emboUcGLvUqo-qrOoU5RPOVQceDNq11F09FPSyWA8wpkBRzuFRvetbJsWgX3i03GoKy5gIviUUo7ABB1px4WF4LXHa9bvil-fSETJstuaKKIiw8Tw2nxJuDNYcw_FoOlU8FbSsxPbI5kcQnxlg0-2vSafY5hwMGPPmWKme8Y0SwUfVq3BceW8DN3Rn-kyLKYyftWqZS1LPP7efTmXHAh_ifB5jBnK2s7G9jihBYfFw8cjomenN_L4tu7t1-3H8rrT-8_bt9cl0aBWEojATphhGuMMwZcJ11vOjV0DsTQK4mCekLsVQ-2GxAUNsTbWhkSlvoG5WXxYt07x_DjQGnRe58Mjfk2FA5Jd50CBVI0mXx5J8nbtuWy4bLOaL2iJoaUIjk9R7_HeKs56FO4eqfXcPUpXA1S53Dz2LOzwmHYk_079CfNDDw_A5gMji7iZHz6x9UCRCtk5q5WjvLljp6iTsZTDsb6SGbRNvi7nfwGdBzKwQ</recordid><startdate>20110701</startdate><enddate>20110701</enddate><creator>Thomas, Philippe J.</creator><creator>Mineau, Pierre</creator><creator>Shore, Richard F.</creator><creator>Champoux, Louise</creator><creator>Martin, Pamela A.</creator><creator>Wilson, Laurie K.</creator><creator>Fitzgerald, Guy</creator><creator>Elliott, John E.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SU</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110701</creationdate><title>Second generation anticoagulant rodenticides in predatory birds: Probabilistic characterisation of toxic liver concentrations and implications for predatory bird populations in Canada</title><author>Thomas, Philippe J. ; Mineau, Pierre ; Shore, Richard F. ; Champoux, Louise ; Martin, Pamela A. ; Wilson, Laurie K. ; Fitzgerald, Guy ; Elliott, John E.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c502t-c30082c2f6cfcc0f83f9c85b8f02b953a2e9eaa9590d8ba05a6e1745ce2de96a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>4-Hydroxycoumarins - metabolism</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anticoagulant rodenticide</topic><topic>Anticoagulants</topic><topic>Anticoagulants - metabolism</topic><topic>Applied ecology</topic><topic>Aves</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Birds</topic><topic>Bubo virginianus</topic><topic>Buteo jamaicensis</topic><topic>Canada</topic><topic>Contamination</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</topic><topic>Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on vertebrates</topic><topic>Environmental Monitoring</topic><topic>Environmental Pollutants - metabolism</topic><topic>Estimates</topic><topic>Exposure</topic><topic>Food Chain</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Hawks - metabolism</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Liver - metabolism</topic><topic>Liver residues</topic><topic>Populations</topic><topic>Probability</topic><topic>Quebec</topic><topic>Raptors - metabolism</topic><topic>Residues</topic><topic>Rodent</topic><topic>Rodenticides - metabolism</topic><topic>Strigiformes - metabolism</topic><topic>Toxicity threshold</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Thomas, Philippe J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mineau, Pierre</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shore, Richard F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Champoux, Louise</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martin, Pamela A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilson, Laurie K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fitzgerald, Guy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elliott, John E.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environmental Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Environment international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Thomas, Philippe J.</au><au>Mineau, Pierre</au><au>Shore, Richard F.</au><au>Champoux, Louise</au><au>Martin, Pamela A.</au><au>Wilson, Laurie K.</au><au>Fitzgerald, Guy</au><au>Elliott, John E.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Second generation anticoagulant rodenticides in predatory birds: Probabilistic characterisation of toxic liver concentrations and implications for predatory bird populations in Canada</atitle><jtitle>Environment international</jtitle><addtitle>Environ Int</addtitle><date>2011-07-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>37</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>914</spage><epage>920</epage><pages>914-920</pages><issn>0160-4120</issn><eissn>1873-6750</eissn><coden>ENVIDV</coden><abstract>Second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides (SGARs) are widely used to control rodent pests but exposure and poisonings occur in non-target species, such as birds of prey. Liver residues are often analysed to detect exposure in birds found dead but their use to assess toxicity of SGARs is problematic. We analysed published data on hepatic rodenticide residues and associated symptoms of anticoagulant poisoning from 270 birds of prey using logistic regression to estimate the probability of toxicosis associated with different liver SGAR residues. We also evaluated exposure to SGARs on a national level in Canada by analysing 196 livers from great horned owls (Bubo virginianus) and red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) found dead at locations across the country. Analysis of a broader sample of raptor species from Quebec also helped define the taxonomic breadth of contamination. Calculated probability curves suggest significant species differences in sensitivity to SGARs and significant likelihood of toxicosis below previously suggested concentrations of concern (<0.1mg/kg). Analysis of birds from Quebec showed that a broad range of raptor species are exposed to SGARs, indicating that generalised terrestrial food chains could be contaminated in the vicinity of the sampled areas. Of the two species for which we had samples from across Canada, great horned owls are exposed to SGARs to a greater extent than red-tailed hawks and the liver residue levels were also higher. Using our probability estimates of effect, we estimate that a minimum of 11% of the sampled great horned owl population is at risk of being directly killed by SGARs. This is the first time the potential mortality impact of SGARs on a raptor population has been estimated.
► There are significant species differences in sensitivity to rodenticides (SGARs). ► Likelihood of toxicosis is below previously suggested liver concentrations. ► In Canada, great horned owls are exposed to SGARs to a greater extent. ► Great horned owls had significantly higher SGAR liver residues. ► 11% of the great horned owl population sampled is at risk of dying from SGARs.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>21481471</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.envint.2011.03.010</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0160-4120 |
| ispartof | Environment international, 2011-07, Vol.37 (5), p.914-920 |
| issn | 0160-4120 1873-6750 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier) |
| subjects | 4-Hydroxycoumarins - metabolism Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Anticoagulant rodenticide Anticoagulants Anticoagulants - metabolism Applied ecology Aves Biological and medical sciences Birds Bubo virginianus Buteo jamaicensis Canada Contamination Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on vertebrates Environmental Monitoring Environmental Pollutants - metabolism Estimates Exposure Food Chain Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Hawks - metabolism Liver Liver - metabolism Liver residues Populations Probability Quebec Raptors - metabolism Residues Rodent Rodenticides - metabolism Strigiformes - metabolism Toxicity threshold |
| title | Second generation anticoagulant rodenticides in predatory birds: Probabilistic characterisation of toxic liver concentrations and implications for predatory bird populations in Canada |
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