Salivary Alpha-Amylase Activity: A Possible Indicator of Pain-Induced Stress in Orthodontic Patients
Introduction. Pain, a common experience reported by orthodontic patients, has its intensity assessed with the help of subjective scales, which have a limited and disputable value. Such unpleasant experience, which may raise stress levels, is reflected by an increase in the salivary concentration of...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) Mass.), 2011-08, Vol.12 (8), p.1162-1166 |
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| creator | Campos, Marcio José da Silva Raposo, Nádia Rezende Barbosa Ferreira, Ana Paula Vitral, Robert Willer Farinazzo |
| description | Introduction. Pain, a common experience reported by orthodontic patients, has its intensity assessed with the help of subjective scales, which have a limited and disputable value. Such unpleasant experience, which may raise stress levels, is reflected by an increase in the salivary concentration of alpha‐amylase.
Objective. Assess the correlation between the salivary levels of alpha‐amylase and pain intensity reported by patients during orthodontic treatment.
Patients. Twenty male patients (11–37 years of age) were assessed daily, before treatment, after bracket bonding, and after initial arch wire insertion.
Design. Saliva was sampled for alpha‐amylase analysis, and pain intensity was measured with the visual analog scale.
Results. There was no correlation between alpha‐amylase concentrations in the saliva and pain intensity, although the patients had a significant and progressive increase of alpha‐amylase levels during the assessment period.
Conclusions. The findings may reflect the psychological stress caused by the presence and activation of the fixed appliance. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2011.01185.x |
| format | Article |
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Objective. Assess the correlation between the salivary levels of alpha‐amylase and pain intensity reported by patients during orthodontic treatment.
Patients. Twenty male patients (11–37 years of age) were assessed daily, before treatment, after bracket bonding, and after initial arch wire insertion.
Design. Saliva was sampled for alpha‐amylase analysis, and pain intensity was measured with the visual analog scale.
Results. There was no correlation between alpha‐amylase concentrations in the saliva and pain intensity, although the patients had a significant and progressive increase of alpha‐amylase levels during the assessment period.
Conclusions. The findings may reflect the psychological stress caused by the presence and activation of the fixed appliance.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1526-2375</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1526-4637</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2011.01185.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21749637</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PMAEAP</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Malden, USA: Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Alpha-Amylase ; Biomarkers - metabolism ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Medical research ; Orthodontic Appliances - adverse effects ; Orthodontic Treatment ; Orthodontics ; Pain Intensity ; Pain management ; Pain Measurement ; Saliva ; Salivary alpha-Amylases - metabolism ; Stress ; Stress, Psychological ; Visual Analog Scale ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.), 2011-08, Vol.12 (8), p.1162-1166</ispartof><rights>Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5505-44caa9194bc533e003a1319ed565af23cf1c9285d02be0275460f46949a75e1e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5505-44caa9194bc533e003a1319ed565af23cf1c9285d02be0275460f46949a75e1e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1526-4637.2011.01185.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1526-4637.2011.01185.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21749637$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Campos, Marcio José da Silva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raposo, Nádia Rezende Barbosa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferreira, Ana Paula</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vitral, Robert Willer Farinazzo</creatorcontrib><title>Salivary Alpha-Amylase Activity: A Possible Indicator of Pain-Induced Stress in Orthodontic Patients</title><title>Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.)</title><addtitle>Pain Med</addtitle><description>Introduction. Pain, a common experience reported by orthodontic patients, has its intensity assessed with the help of subjective scales, which have a limited and disputable value. Such unpleasant experience, which may raise stress levels, is reflected by an increase in the salivary concentration of alpha‐amylase.
Objective. Assess the correlation between the salivary levels of alpha‐amylase and pain intensity reported by patients during orthodontic treatment.
Patients. Twenty male patients (11–37 years of age) were assessed daily, before treatment, after bracket bonding, and after initial arch wire insertion.
Design. Saliva was sampled for alpha‐amylase analysis, and pain intensity was measured with the visual analog scale.
Results. There was no correlation between alpha‐amylase concentrations in the saliva and pain intensity, although the patients had a significant and progressive increase of alpha‐amylase levels during the assessment period.
Conclusions. The findings may reflect the psychological stress caused by the presence and activation of the fixed appliance.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Alpha-Amylase</subject><subject>Biomarkers - metabolism</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Orthodontic Appliances - adverse effects</subject><subject>Orthodontic Treatment</subject><subject>Orthodontics</subject><subject>Pain Intensity</subject><subject>Pain management</subject><subject>Pain Measurement</subject><subject>Saliva</subject><subject>Salivary alpha-Amylases - metabolism</subject><subject>Stress</subject><subject>Stress, Psychological</subject><subject>Visual Analog Scale</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1526-2375</issn><issn>1526-4637</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkUtPGzEUhS1UxCPtX0CWuuhqBj_nUamLEaKAFCAVrbq0HM8d4TCZSW0PJP8eDwlZdIUly1f2Ofda30EIU5LSuM4XKZUsS0TG85QRStO4C5muD9DJ_uHTrmY8l8fo1PsFITQTBT9Cx4zmooyaE1Q_6NY-a7fBVbt61Em13LTaA65MsM82bL7jCs967-28BXzT1dbo0DvcN3imbZfEm8FAjR-CA--x7fC9C4993XfBmigJFrrgP6PDRrcevuzOCfrz8_L3xXUyvb-6uaimiZGSyEQIo3VJSzE3knMghGvKaQm1zKRuGDcNNSUrZE3YHAjLpchII7JSlDqXQIFP0Ldt35Xr_w3gg1pab6BtdQf94FVRCME4iwwm6Ot_ykU_uC5-TlEZ4TAmMxZVxVZlXETgoFErZ5cRlqJEjUGohRoZq5G3GoNQb0GodbSe7QYM8yXUe-M7-Sj4sRW82BY2H26sZreXYxX9ydZvfYD13q_dk8ryGLn6e3eleEGu2VT8Upy_AiTyo_4</recordid><startdate>201108</startdate><enddate>201108</enddate><creator>Campos, Marcio José da Silva</creator><creator>Raposo, Nádia Rezende Barbosa</creator><creator>Ferreira, Ana Paula</creator><creator>Vitral, Robert Willer Farinazzo</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Inc</general><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201108</creationdate><title>Salivary Alpha-Amylase Activity: A Possible Indicator of Pain-Induced Stress in Orthodontic Patients</title><author>Campos, Marcio José da Silva ; Raposo, Nádia Rezende Barbosa ; Ferreira, Ana Paula ; Vitral, Robert Willer Farinazzo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5505-44caa9194bc533e003a1319ed565af23cf1c9285d02be0275460f46949a75e1e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Alpha-Amylase</topic><topic>Biomarkers - metabolism</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Orthodontic Appliances - adverse effects</topic><topic>Orthodontic Treatment</topic><topic>Orthodontics</topic><topic>Pain Intensity</topic><topic>Pain management</topic><topic>Pain Measurement</topic><topic>Saliva</topic><topic>Salivary alpha-Amylases - metabolism</topic><topic>Stress</topic><topic>Stress, Psychological</topic><topic>Visual Analog Scale</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Campos, Marcio José da Silva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raposo, Nádia Rezende Barbosa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferreira, Ana Paula</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vitral, Robert Willer Farinazzo</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Campos, Marcio José da Silva</au><au>Raposo, Nádia Rezende Barbosa</au><au>Ferreira, Ana Paula</au><au>Vitral, Robert Willer Farinazzo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Salivary Alpha-Amylase Activity: A Possible Indicator of Pain-Induced Stress in Orthodontic Patients</atitle><jtitle>Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.)</jtitle><addtitle>Pain Med</addtitle><date>2011-08</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>1162</spage><epage>1166</epage><pages>1162-1166</pages><issn>1526-2375</issn><eissn>1526-4637</eissn><coden>PMAEAP</coden><abstract>Introduction. Pain, a common experience reported by orthodontic patients, has its intensity assessed with the help of subjective scales, which have a limited and disputable value. Such unpleasant experience, which may raise stress levels, is reflected by an increase in the salivary concentration of alpha‐amylase.
Objective. Assess the correlation between the salivary levels of alpha‐amylase and pain intensity reported by patients during orthodontic treatment.
Patients. Twenty male patients (11–37 years of age) were assessed daily, before treatment, after bracket bonding, and after initial arch wire insertion.
Design. Saliva was sampled for alpha‐amylase analysis, and pain intensity was measured with the visual analog scale.
Results. There was no correlation between alpha‐amylase concentrations in the saliva and pain intensity, although the patients had a significant and progressive increase of alpha‐amylase levels during the assessment period.
Conclusions. The findings may reflect the psychological stress caused by the presence and activation of the fixed appliance.</abstract><cop>Malden, USA</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Inc</pub><pmid>21749637</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1526-4637.2011.01185.x</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Alpha-Amylase Biomarkers - metabolism Child Humans Male Medical research Orthodontic Appliances - adverse effects Orthodontic Treatment Orthodontics Pain Intensity Pain management Pain Measurement Saliva Salivary alpha-Amylases - metabolism Stress Stress, Psychological Visual Analog Scale Young Adult |
| title | Salivary Alpha-Amylase Activity: A Possible Indicator of Pain-Induced Stress in Orthodontic Patients |
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