Endothelial f-actin depolymerization enables leukocyte transmigration

A demanding task of medicine is to understand and control the immune system. Central players in the cellular immune response are the leukocytes that leave the blood stream for host defense. Endothelial cells limit the emigration rate of leukocytes. Being located between blood and tissues, they permi...

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Veröffentlicht in:Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 2011-03, Vol.399 (7), p.2351-2358
Hauptverfasser: Isac, Laura, Thoelking, Gerold, Schwab, Albrecht, Oberleithner, Hans, Riethmuller, Christoph
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container_issue 7
container_start_page 2351
container_title Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
container_volume 399
creator Isac, Laura
Thoelking, Gerold
Schwab, Albrecht
Oberleithner, Hans
Riethmuller, Christoph
description A demanding task of medicine is to understand and control the immune system. Central players in the cellular immune response are the leukocytes that leave the blood stream for host defense. Endothelial cells limit the emigration rate of leukocytes. Being located between blood and tissues, they permit or deny the passage. The exact mechanism of this process called diapedesis is not solved yet. Leukocytes can principally traverse either between cells (paracellularly) or directly through an individual endothelial cell (transcellularly). The transcellular way has recently gained experimental support, but it is not clear how the endothelial cytoskeleton manages to open and close a transmigratory channel. Atomic force microscopy was used to investigate the endothelial cytoskeleton. In order to directly access the leukocyte-endothelial interaction site, we applied a special protocol (“nanosurgery”). As a result, the endothelial cell turned out to become softer in a confined region strictly underneath the leukocyte. Fluorescence microscopy confirmed a depolymerization of the f-actin strands at the invasion site. Leukocytes dramatically rearrange the endothelial cytoskeleton to form transmigratory channels.
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subjects Actin
Actins - metabolism
Analytical Chemistry
Atomic force microscopy
Biochemistry
Blood
Cell Adhesion
Cell mechanics
Cells, Cultured
Cellular
Channels
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Cytoskeleton - metabolism
Cytoskeleton - ultrastructure
Depolymerization
Emigration and immigration
Endothelial cells
Endothelial Cells - metabolism
Endothelial Cells - ultrastructure
Endothelium
Food Science
Humans
Laboratory Medicine
Leaves
Leukocyte
Leukocytes
Leukocytes - metabolism
Microscopy, Atomic Force
Microscopy, Fluorescence
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Muscle proteins
Nanostructure
Original Paper
TIRF
Transcellular Cell Migration
Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration - physiology
Transmigration
title Endothelial f-actin depolymerization enables leukocyte transmigration
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