The use of restricted mean survival time to estimate the treatment effect in randomized clinical trials when the proportional hazards assumption is in doubt

In most randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with a right‐censored time‐to‐event outcome, the hazard ratio is taken as an appropriate measure of the effectiveness of a new treatment compared with a standard‐of‐care or control treatment. However, it has long been known that the hazard ratio is valid onl...

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