The left occipitotemporal system in reading: Disruption of focal fMRI connectivity to left inferior frontal and inferior parietal language areas in children with dyslexia
Developmental dyslexia is a severe reading disorder, which is characterized by dysfluent reading and impaired automaticity of visual word processing. Adults with dyslexia show functional deficits in several brain regions including the so-called “Visual Word Form Area” (VWFA), which is implicated in...
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| creator | van der Mark, Sanne Klaver, Peter Bucher, Kerstin Maurer, Urs Schulz, Enrico Brem, Silvia Martin, Ernst Brandeis, Daniel |
| description | Developmental dyslexia is a severe reading disorder, which is characterized by dysfluent reading and impaired automaticity of visual word processing. Adults with dyslexia show functional deficits in several brain regions including the so-called “Visual Word Form Area” (VWFA), which is implicated in visual word processing and located within the larger left occipitotemporal VWF-System. The present study examines functional connections of the left occipitotemporal VWF-System with other major language areas in children with dyslexia. Functional connectivity MRI was used to assess connectivity of the VWF-System in 18 children with dyslexia and 24 age-matched controls (age 9.7–12.5years) using five neighboring left occipitotemporal regions of interest (ROIs) during a continuous reading task requiring phonological and orthographic processing. First, the results revealed a focal origin of connectivity from the VWF-System, in that mainly the VWFA was functionally connected with typical left frontal and parietal language areas in control children. Adjacent posterior and anterior VWF-System ROIs did not show such connectivity, confirming the special role that the VWFA plays in word processing. Second, we detected a significant disruption of functional connectivity between the VWFA and left inferior frontal and left inferior parietal language areas in the children with dyslexia. The current findings add to our understanding of dyslexia by showing that functional disconnection of the left occipitotemporal system is limited to the small VWFA region crucial for automatic visual word processing, and emerges early during reading acquisition in children with dyslexia, along with deficits in orthographic and phonological processing of visual word forms.
► Mainly the VWFA was functionally connected with typical left frontal and parietal language areas in control children, pointing to a focal origin of connectivity from the VWF-System. ► Children with dyslexia showed a significant disruption of functional connectivity between the VWFA and left inferior frontal and left inferior parietal language areas. ► A functional disconnection of the left occipitotemporal system in children with dyslexia is limited to the small VWFA region crucial for automatic visual word processing ► This functional disconnection may be linked to dyslexics' deficits in phonological processing since connectivity was correlated with phonological performance in the control group but not in the children with |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.10.002 |
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► Mainly the VWFA was functionally connected with typical left frontal and parietal language areas in control children, pointing to a focal origin of connectivity from the VWF-System. ► Children with dyslexia showed a significant disruption of functional connectivity between the VWFA and left inferior frontal and left inferior parietal language areas. ► A functional disconnection of the left occipitotemporal system in children with dyslexia is limited to the small VWFA region crucial for automatic visual word processing ► This functional disconnection may be linked to dyslexics' deficits in phonological processing since connectivity was correlated with phonological performance in the control group but not in the children with dyslexia. ► This functional disconnection emerges early during reading acquisition in children with dyslexia, along with deficits in orthographic and phonological processing of visual word forms.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1053-8119</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-9572</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.10.002</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20934519</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Automation ; Brain Mapping ; Child ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Dyslexia ; Dyslexia - physiopathology ; Dyslexia - psychology ; Female ; Functional Laterality - physiology ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Language ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neural Pathways - physiopathology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Occipital Lobe - physiopathology ; Phonetics ; Photic Stimulation ; Psychomotor Performance - physiology ; Reaction Time - physiology ; Reading ; Studies ; Temporal Lobe - physiopathology</subject><ispartof>NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.), 2011-02, Vol.54 (3), p.2426-2436</ispartof><rights>2010 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Limited Feb 1, 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c483t-8609e5e9d76cdcf1652bae54824dab1bc79c9cac0319be98753c2fd43bd74a433</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c483t-8609e5e9d76cdcf1652bae54824dab1bc79c9cac0319be98753c2fd43bd74a433</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811910012930$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3536,27903,27904,65309</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20934519$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>van der Mark, Sanne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klaver, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bucher, Kerstin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maurer, Urs</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schulz, Enrico</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brem, Silvia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martin, Ernst</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brandeis, Daniel</creatorcontrib><title>The left occipitotemporal system in reading: Disruption of focal fMRI connectivity to left inferior frontal and inferior parietal language areas in children with dyslexia</title><title>NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.)</title><addtitle>Neuroimage</addtitle><description>Developmental dyslexia is a severe reading disorder, which is characterized by dysfluent reading and impaired automaticity of visual word processing. Adults with dyslexia show functional deficits in several brain regions including the so-called “Visual Word Form Area” (VWFA), which is implicated in visual word processing and located within the larger left occipitotemporal VWF-System. The present study examines functional connections of the left occipitotemporal VWF-System with other major language areas in children with dyslexia. Functional connectivity MRI was used to assess connectivity of the VWF-System in 18 children with dyslexia and 24 age-matched controls (age 9.7–12.5years) using five neighboring left occipitotemporal regions of interest (ROIs) during a continuous reading task requiring phonological and orthographic processing. First, the results revealed a focal origin of connectivity from the VWF-System, in that mainly the VWFA was functionally connected with typical left frontal and parietal language areas in control children. Adjacent posterior and anterior VWF-System ROIs did not show such connectivity, confirming the special role that the VWFA plays in word processing. Second, we detected a significant disruption of functional connectivity between the VWFA and left inferior frontal and left inferior parietal language areas in the children with dyslexia. The current findings add to our understanding of dyslexia by showing that functional disconnection of the left occipitotemporal system is limited to the small VWFA region crucial for automatic visual word processing, and emerges early during reading acquisition in children with dyslexia, along with deficits in orthographic and phonological processing of visual word forms.
► Mainly the VWFA was functionally connected with typical left frontal and parietal language areas in control children, pointing to a focal origin of connectivity from the VWF-System. ► Children with dyslexia showed a significant disruption of functional connectivity between the VWFA and left inferior frontal and left inferior parietal language areas. ► A functional disconnection of the left occipitotemporal system in children with dyslexia is limited to the small VWFA region crucial for automatic visual word processing ► This functional disconnection may be linked to dyslexics' deficits in phonological processing since connectivity was correlated with phonological performance in the control group but not in the children with dyslexia. ► This functional disconnection emerges early during reading acquisition in children with dyslexia, along with deficits in orthographic and phonological processing of visual word forms.</description><subject>Automation</subject><subject>Brain Mapping</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Data Interpretation, Statistical</subject><subject>Dyslexia</subject><subject>Dyslexia - physiopathology</subject><subject>Dyslexia - psychology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Functional Laterality - physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Image Processing, Computer-Assisted</subject><subject>Language</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Neural Pathways - physiopathology</subject><subject>Neuropsychological Tests</subject><subject>Occipital Lobe - physiopathology</subject><subject>Phonetics</subject><subject>Photic Stimulation</subject><subject>Psychomotor Performance - physiology</subject><subject>Reaction Time - physiology</subject><subject>Reading</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Temporal Lobe - physiopathology</subject><issn>1053-8119</issn><issn>1095-9572</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc1u1DAQgCMEoqXwCsgSB0672I7zY25Q_ioVIaFythx7vDurrB1sp7Cv1KeswxYqcenJo_E3Mx5_VUUYXTPK2je7tYc5BtzrDaw5_ZNeU8ofVaeMymYlm44_XuKmXvWMyZPqWUo7Sqlkon9anXAqa9EweVrdXG2BjOAyCcbghDlk2E8h6pGkQyoxQU8iaIt-85Z8wBTnKWPwJDjigimY-_r9gpjgPZiM15gPJIdjR_QOIoZIXAw-F1R7e5-cdERYsqP2m7ksQnSZk5Z5ZoujjeDJL8xbYg9phN-on1dPnB4TvLg7z6ofnz5enX9ZXX77fHH-7nJlRF_nVd9SCQ1I27XGGsfahg8aGtFzYfXABtNJI402tGZyANl3TW24s6IebCe0qOuz6vWx7xTDzxlSVntMBsbyTghzUn3X8oZ2kj1M8oLxXohCvvqP3IU5-rKGYi0TdVt8tIXqj5SJIaUITk2xOI4HxahaxKuduhevFvHLTRFfSl_eDZiHPdh_hX9NF-D9EYDyddcIUSWD4A1YjMWcsgEfnnILETTH9g</recordid><startdate>20110201</startdate><enddate>20110201</enddate><creator>van der Mark, Sanne</creator><creator>Klaver, Peter</creator><creator>Bucher, Kerstin</creator><creator>Maurer, Urs</creator><creator>Schulz, Enrico</creator><creator>Brem, Silvia</creator><creator>Martin, Ernst</creator><creator>Brandeis, Daniel</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7QO</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110201</creationdate><title>The left occipitotemporal system in reading: Disruption of focal fMRI connectivity to left inferior frontal and inferior parietal language areas in children with dyslexia</title><author>van der Mark, Sanne ; Klaver, Peter ; Bucher, Kerstin ; Maurer, Urs ; Schulz, Enrico ; Brem, Silvia ; Martin, Ernst ; Brandeis, Daniel</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c483t-8609e5e9d76cdcf1652bae54824dab1bc79c9cac0319be98753c2fd43bd74a433</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Automation</topic><topic>Brain Mapping</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Data Interpretation, Statistical</topic><topic>Dyslexia</topic><topic>Dyslexia - 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Academic</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><jtitle>NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>van der Mark, Sanne</au><au>Klaver, Peter</au><au>Bucher, Kerstin</au><au>Maurer, Urs</au><au>Schulz, Enrico</au><au>Brem, Silvia</au><au>Martin, Ernst</au><au>Brandeis, Daniel</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The left occipitotemporal system in reading: Disruption of focal fMRI connectivity to left inferior frontal and inferior parietal language areas in children with dyslexia</atitle><jtitle>NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.)</jtitle><addtitle>Neuroimage</addtitle><date>2011-02-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>54</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>2426</spage><epage>2436</epage><pages>2426-2436</pages><issn>1053-8119</issn><eissn>1095-9572</eissn><abstract>Developmental dyslexia is a severe reading disorder, which is characterized by dysfluent reading and impaired automaticity of visual word processing. Adults with dyslexia show functional deficits in several brain regions including the so-called “Visual Word Form Area” (VWFA), which is implicated in visual word processing and located within the larger left occipitotemporal VWF-System. The present study examines functional connections of the left occipitotemporal VWF-System with other major language areas in children with dyslexia. Functional connectivity MRI was used to assess connectivity of the VWF-System in 18 children with dyslexia and 24 age-matched controls (age 9.7–12.5years) using five neighboring left occipitotemporal regions of interest (ROIs) during a continuous reading task requiring phonological and orthographic processing. First, the results revealed a focal origin of connectivity from the VWF-System, in that mainly the VWFA was functionally connected with typical left frontal and parietal language areas in control children. Adjacent posterior and anterior VWF-System ROIs did not show such connectivity, confirming the special role that the VWFA plays in word processing. Second, we detected a significant disruption of functional connectivity between the VWFA and left inferior frontal and left inferior parietal language areas in the children with dyslexia. The current findings add to our understanding of dyslexia by showing that functional disconnection of the left occipitotemporal system is limited to the small VWFA region crucial for automatic visual word processing, and emerges early during reading acquisition in children with dyslexia, along with deficits in orthographic and phonological processing of visual word forms.
► Mainly the VWFA was functionally connected with typical left frontal and parietal language areas in control children, pointing to a focal origin of connectivity from the VWF-System. ► Children with dyslexia showed a significant disruption of functional connectivity between the VWFA and left inferior frontal and left inferior parietal language areas. ► A functional disconnection of the left occipitotemporal system in children with dyslexia is limited to the small VWFA region crucial for automatic visual word processing ► This functional disconnection may be linked to dyslexics' deficits in phonological processing since connectivity was correlated with phonological performance in the control group but not in the children with dyslexia. ► This functional disconnection emerges early during reading acquisition in children with dyslexia, along with deficits in orthographic and phonological processing of visual word forms.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>20934519</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.10.002</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Automation Brain Mapping Child Data Interpretation, Statistical Dyslexia Dyslexia - physiopathology Dyslexia - psychology Female Functional Laterality - physiology Humans Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Language Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Neural Pathways - physiopathology Neuropsychological Tests Occipital Lobe - physiopathology Phonetics Photic Stimulation Psychomotor Performance - physiology Reaction Time - physiology Reading Studies Temporal Lobe - physiopathology |
| title | The left occipitotemporal system in reading: Disruption of focal fMRI connectivity to left inferior frontal and inferior parietal language areas in children with dyslexia |
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