Acute toxicities of five commonly used antifouling booster biocides to selected subtropical and cosmopolitan marine species

► Tributyltin was not the most toxic antifouling biocides for 12 marine species. ► Irgarol was more toxic than TBT on the growth of autotrophic species. ► Toxicity of copper pyrithione was comparable to that of TBT for most test species. ► Copper pyrithione showed a higher toxicity than TBT on fish...

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Veröffentlicht in:Marine pollution bulletin 2011-05, Vol.62 (5), p.1147-1151
Hauptverfasser: Bao, Vivien W.W., Leung, Kenneth M.Y., Qiu, Jian-Wen, Lam, Michael H.W.
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container_title Marine pollution bulletin
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creator Bao, Vivien W.W.
Leung, Kenneth M.Y.
Qiu, Jian-Wen
Lam, Michael H.W.
description ► Tributyltin was not the most toxic antifouling biocides for 12 marine species. ► Irgarol was more toxic than TBT on the growth of autotrophic species. ► Toxicity of copper pyrithione was comparable to that of TBT for most test species. ► Copper pyrithione showed a higher toxicity than TBT on fish larvae. ► The toxicity data are useful for ecological risk assessment in tropics/subtropics. Since 1990s, various booster biocides have been increasingly used as substitutes of organotins. However, knowledge about their toxicities on tropical/sub-tropical marine species is significantly lacking. This study comprehensively investigated the acute toxicities of copper, tributyltin (TBT), and five commonly used booster biocides including Irgarol, diuron, zinc pyrithione (ZnPT), copper pyrithione (CuPT) and chlorothalonil on the growth or survival of 12 marine species in which eight of them are native species of subtropical Hong Kong. We found that Irgarol was more toxic than TBT on the growth of autotrophic species. The toxicity of CuPT was comparable to that of TBT on almost all test species, while it showed higher toxicity than TBT on medaka fish larvae. As the usage of these biocides is expected to further increase worldwide, accurate assessments of their ecological risks are required for better informed decision on their management. This study provided useful datasets for such purposes.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.02.041
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Since 1990s, various booster biocides have been increasingly used as substitutes of organotins. However, knowledge about their toxicities on tropical/sub-tropical marine species is significantly lacking. This study comprehensively investigated the acute toxicities of copper, tributyltin (TBT), and five commonly used booster biocides including Irgarol, diuron, zinc pyrithione (ZnPT), copper pyrithione (CuPT) and chlorothalonil on the growth or survival of 12 marine species in which eight of them are native species of subtropical Hong Kong. We found that Irgarol was more toxic than TBT on the growth of autotrophic species. The toxicity of CuPT was comparable to that of TBT on almost all test species, while it showed higher toxicity than TBT on medaka fish larvae. As the usage of these biocides is expected to further increase worldwide, accurate assessments of their ecological risks are required for better informed decision on their management. 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subjects Animal and plant ecology
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Antifouling biocide
Applied ecology
Aquatic Organisms - drug effects
biocides
Biological and medical sciences
Chlorothalonil
copper
data collection
Disinfectants - toxicity
diuron
Diuron - toxicity
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Ecotoxicology
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
fish larvae
Freshwater
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hong Kong
indigenous species
Irgarol
Larva - drug effects
Lethal Dose 50
Marine
Nitriles - toxicity
Organometallic Compounds - toxicity
Oryzias
Oryzias latipes
Pesticides - toxicity
Pyridines - toxicity
Pyrithione
risk
Sea water ecosystems
species
Synecology
toxicity
Toxicity Tests, Acute
Trialkyltin Compounds - toxicity
Triazines - toxicity
Tributyltin
Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
water pollution
zinc
title Acute toxicities of five commonly used antifouling booster biocides to selected subtropical and cosmopolitan marine species
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