Accelerated esterification of free fatty acid using pulsed microwaves
► Pulsed microwave accelerates the FFA esterification more than continuous microwave. ► 400Hz square-pulsed microwave with the same energy as continuous microwave is used. ► Pulsed microwaves improve conversion from 39.9% to 66.1% after 15min. ► Repetitive instantaneous strong power is more effectiv...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Bioresource technology 2011-07, Vol.102 (14), p.7229-7231 |
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| container_issue | 14 |
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| container_title | Bioresource technology |
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| creator | Kim, Daeho Choi, Jinju Kim, Geun-Ju Seol, Seung Kwon Jung, Sunshin |
| description | ► Pulsed microwave accelerates the FFA esterification more than continuous microwave. ► 400Hz square-pulsed microwave with the same energy as continuous microwave is used. ► Pulsed microwaves improve conversion from 39.9% to 66.1% after 15min. ► Repetitive instantaneous strong power is more effective than continuous mild power.
It was demonstrated that pulsed microwave irradiation is a more effective method to accelerate the esterification of free fatty acid with a heterogeneous catalyst than continuous microwave irradiation. A square-pulsed microwave with a 400Hz repetition rate and a 10–20% duty cycle with the same energy as the continuous microwave were used in this study. The pulsed microwaves improved the esterification conversion from 39.9% to 66.1% after 15min in comparison with the continuous microwave under the same reaction conditions. These results indicated that pulsed microwaves with repetitive strong power could enhance the efficiency of biodiesel production relative to the use of continuous microwave with mild power. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.04.074 |
| format | Article |
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It was demonstrated that pulsed microwave irradiation is a more effective method to accelerate the esterification of free fatty acid with a heterogeneous catalyst than continuous microwave irradiation. A square-pulsed microwave with a 400Hz repetition rate and a 10–20% duty cycle with the same energy as the continuous microwave were used in this study. The pulsed microwaves improved the esterification conversion from 39.9% to 66.1% after 15min in comparison with the continuous microwave under the same reaction conditions. These results indicated that pulsed microwaves with repetitive strong power could enhance the efficiency of biodiesel production relative to the use of continuous microwave with mild power.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0960-8524</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2976</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.04.074</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21570280</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Biodiesel ; Biofuel production ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biotechnology ; Conversion ; Energy ; Energy use ; Esterification ; Esters - analysis ; Fatty acids ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - chemistry ; Free fatty acid ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects ; Irradiation ; Microwave ; Microwaves ; Pulse ; Repetition ; Thermodynamics</subject><ispartof>Bioresource technology, 2011-07, Vol.102 (14), p.7229-7231</ispartof><rights>2011 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c528t-bb60eef8b8f01445eb9702ef8b231b8ca9c8bb9b00a6af0ef95925572f0f10b93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c528t-bb60eef8b8f01445eb9702ef8b231b8ca9c8bb9b00a6af0ef95925572f0f10b93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096085241100589X$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=24266309$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21570280$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kim, Daeho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Jinju</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Geun-Ju</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seol, Seung Kwon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jung, Sunshin</creatorcontrib><title>Accelerated esterification of free fatty acid using pulsed microwaves</title><title>Bioresource technology</title><addtitle>Bioresour Technol</addtitle><description>► Pulsed microwave accelerates the FFA esterification more than continuous microwave. ► 400Hz square-pulsed microwave with the same energy as continuous microwave is used. ► Pulsed microwaves improve conversion from 39.9% to 66.1% after 15min. ► Repetitive instantaneous strong power is more effective than continuous mild power.
It was demonstrated that pulsed microwave irradiation is a more effective method to accelerate the esterification of free fatty acid with a heterogeneous catalyst than continuous microwave irradiation. A square-pulsed microwave with a 400Hz repetition rate and a 10–20% duty cycle with the same energy as the continuous microwave were used in this study. The pulsed microwaves improved the esterification conversion from 39.9% to 66.1% after 15min in comparison with the continuous microwave under the same reaction conditions. These results indicated that pulsed microwaves with repetitive strong power could enhance the efficiency of biodiesel production relative to the use of continuous microwave with mild power.</description><subject>Biodiesel</subject><subject>Biofuel production</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biotechnology</subject><subject>Conversion</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>Energy use</subject><subject>Esterification</subject><subject>Esters - analysis</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - chemistry</subject><subject>Free fatty acid</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects</subject><subject>Irradiation</subject><subject>Microwave</subject><subject>Microwaves</subject><subject>Pulse</subject><subject>Repetition</subject><subject>Thermodynamics</subject><issn>0960-8524</issn><issn>1873-2976</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU1v1DAQhi0EotvCX6hyQXBJGDv-vFFVhSJV4gJny3bG4NVusthJq_57HO0WbsDJ0uiZ8TPzEnJJoaNA5ftt59OUZww_OgaUdsA7UPwZ2VCt-pYZJZ-TDRgJrRaMn5HzUrYA0FPFXpIzRoUCpmFDbq5CwB1mN-PQYJkxp5iCm9M0NlNsYkZsopvnx8aFNDRLSeP35rDsSsX3KeTpwd1jeUVeRFdrr0_vBfn28ebr9W179-XT5-uruzYIpufWewmIUXsdgXIu0JuqsRZYT70OzgTtvfEATroIGI0wTAjFIkQK3vQX5O1x7iFPP5eqa_epVP-dG3FaitWKU00pFf9BguCay3Xmu7-SVCnoQUsjKyqPaN27lIzRHnLau_xoKdg1Fru1T7HYNRYL3NZYauPl6Y_F73H43faUQwXenABXgtvF7MaQyh-OMyl7WGU_HDmsV75PmG0JCceAQ8oYZjtM6V8uvwBEV65I</recordid><startdate>20110701</startdate><enddate>20110701</enddate><creator>Kim, Daeho</creator><creator>Choi, Jinju</creator><creator>Kim, Geun-Ju</creator><creator>Seol, Seung Kwon</creator><creator>Jung, Sunshin</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SU</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110701</creationdate><title>Accelerated esterification of free fatty acid using pulsed microwaves</title><author>Kim, Daeho ; Choi, Jinju ; Kim, Geun-Ju ; Seol, Seung Kwon ; Jung, Sunshin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c528t-bb60eef8b8f01445eb9702ef8b231b8ca9c8bb9b00a6af0ef95925572f0f10b93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Biodiesel</topic><topic>Biofuel production</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biotechnology</topic><topic>Conversion</topic><topic>Energy</topic><topic>Energy use</topic><topic>Esterification</topic><topic>Esters - analysis</topic><topic>Fatty acids</topic><topic>Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - chemistry</topic><topic>Free fatty acid</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Industrial applications and implications. 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It was demonstrated that pulsed microwave irradiation is a more effective method to accelerate the esterification of free fatty acid with a heterogeneous catalyst than continuous microwave irradiation. A square-pulsed microwave with a 400Hz repetition rate and a 10–20% duty cycle with the same energy as the continuous microwave were used in this study. The pulsed microwaves improved the esterification conversion from 39.9% to 66.1% after 15min in comparison with the continuous microwave under the same reaction conditions. These results indicated that pulsed microwaves with repetitive strong power could enhance the efficiency of biodiesel production relative to the use of continuous microwave with mild power.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>21570280</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.biortech.2011.04.074</doi><tpages>3</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Bioresource technology, 2011-07, Vol.102 (14), p.7229-7231 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Biodiesel Biofuel production Biological and medical sciences Biotechnology Conversion Energy Energy use Esterification Esters - analysis Fatty acids Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - chemistry Free fatty acid Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects Irradiation Microwave Microwaves Pulse Repetition Thermodynamics |
| title | Accelerated esterification of free fatty acid using pulsed microwaves |
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