Change of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Parameters in Articular Cartilage With Progressive Proteoglycan Extraction

OBJECTIVE:To investigate changes of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters (mean apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], fractional anisotropy [FA], and first eigenvector) with increasing proteoglycan (PG) extraction of articular cartilage. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Twelve cylindrical cartilage-on-bone...

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Veröffentlicht in:Investigative radiology 2011-06, Vol.46 (6), p.401-409
Hauptverfasser: Raya, José G, Melkus, Gerd, Adam-Neumair, Silvia, Dietrich, Olaf, Mützel, Elisabeth, Kahr, Bart, Reiser, Maximilian F, Jakob, Peter M, Putz, Reinhard, Glaser, Christian
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container_end_page 409
container_issue 6
container_start_page 401
container_title Investigative radiology
container_volume 46
creator Raya, José G
Melkus, Gerd
Adam-Neumair, Silvia
Dietrich, Olaf
Mützel, Elisabeth
Kahr, Bart
Reiser, Maximilian F
Jakob, Peter M
Putz, Reinhard
Glaser, Christian
description OBJECTIVE:To investigate changes of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters (mean apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], fractional anisotropy [FA], and first eigenvector) with increasing proteoglycan (PG) extraction of articular cartilage. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Twelve cylindrical cartilage-on-bone samples were drilled from 4 human patellae (3 per patella). Each sample was divided into 2 pieces. One piece underwent histologic examination to assess the PG content of the native sample by safranin-O staining and its collagen architecture by polarized light microscopy. The other underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 17.6 T for DTI measurement. After MRI, 2 of the 3 samples from each patella were immersed in a dilute trypsin solution (0.1 mg/mL), whereas the third sample was kept as a negative control in physiological saline. After incubation (6, 48, 72, and 96 hours), the samples were reimaged, stained for PG content and for the collagen orientation. Maps of ADC, FA, and the orientation of the first eigenvector as well as histology were available for each sample before and after incubation. RESULTS:PG loss led to increased ADC and reduced safranin-O staining from the articular surface to the bone-cartilage interface. A significant correlation (r = 0.86, P < 0.01) was observed between the change in bulk ADC and PG loss. Regional analysis from the articular surface to the tide mark demonstrated depth dependent significant correlations of ADC and PG loss. FA and first eigenvector as well as polarized light microscopy showed only small changes in the order of magnitude of measurement errors, not correlating with PG loss. CONCLUSION:Mean diffusivity evidence by the ADC is linearly correlated to progressive PG extraction in articular cartilage. FA and the first eigenvector seem to be specific to the collagen architecture of cartilage. DTI has the potential to become a valuable biomarker for the workup of cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis, since evaluation of the PG content and collagen architectural properties of cartilage can be performed with a single, non–contrast-enhanced proton-based MRI measurement.
doi_str_mv 10.1097/RLI.0b013e3182145aa8
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MATERIAL AND METHODS:Twelve cylindrical cartilage-on-bone samples were drilled from 4 human patellae (3 per patella). Each sample was divided into 2 pieces. One piece underwent histologic examination to assess the PG content of the native sample by safranin-O staining and its collagen architecture by polarized light microscopy. The other underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 17.6 T for DTI measurement. After MRI, 2 of the 3 samples from each patella were immersed in a dilute trypsin solution (0.1 mg/mL), whereas the third sample was kept as a negative control in physiological saline. After incubation (6, 48, 72, and 96 hours), the samples were reimaged, stained for PG content and for the collagen orientation. Maps of ADC, FA, and the orientation of the first eigenvector as well as histology were available for each sample before and after incubation. RESULTS:PG loss led to increased ADC and reduced safranin-O staining from the articular surface to the bone-cartilage interface. A significant correlation (r = 0.86, P &lt; 0.01) was observed between the change in bulk ADC and PG loss. Regional analysis from the articular surface to the tide mark demonstrated depth dependent significant correlations of ADC and PG loss. FA and first eigenvector as well as polarized light microscopy showed only small changes in the order of magnitude of measurement errors, not correlating with PG loss. CONCLUSION:Mean diffusivity evidence by the ADC is linearly correlated to progressive PG extraction in articular cartilage. FA and the first eigenvector seem to be specific to the collagen architecture of cartilage. DTI has the potential to become a valuable biomarker for the workup of cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis, since evaluation of the PG content and collagen architectural properties of cartilage can be performed with a single, non–contrast-enhanced proton-based MRI measurement.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0020-9996</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1536-0210</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1097/RLI.0b013e3182145aa8</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21427593</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, Inc</publisher><subject>Cartilage, Articular - chemistry ; Cartilage, Articular - pathology ; Collagen - ultrastructure ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Humans ; Indicators and Reagents ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Phenazines - chemistry ; Proteoglycans - chemistry</subject><ispartof>Investigative radiology, 2011-06, Vol.46 (6), p.401-409</ispartof><rights>2011 Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3558-62378e0d9484cc955780a62529628e778e64d0dc26d8df47208e2a79fc2db4c43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3558-62378e0d9484cc955780a62529628e778e64d0dc26d8df47208e2a79fc2db4c43</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21427593$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Raya, José G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Melkus, Gerd</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adam-Neumair, Silvia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dietrich, Olaf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mützel, Elisabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kahr, Bart</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reiser, Maximilian F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jakob, Peter M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Putz, Reinhard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Glaser, Christian</creatorcontrib><title>Change of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Parameters in Articular Cartilage With Progressive Proteoglycan Extraction</title><title>Investigative radiology</title><addtitle>Invest Radiol</addtitle><description>OBJECTIVE:To investigate changes of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters (mean apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], fractional anisotropy [FA], and first eigenvector) with increasing proteoglycan (PG) extraction of articular cartilage. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Twelve cylindrical cartilage-on-bone samples were drilled from 4 human patellae (3 per patella). Each sample was divided into 2 pieces. One piece underwent histologic examination to assess the PG content of the native sample by safranin-O staining and its collagen architecture by polarized light microscopy. The other underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 17.6 T for DTI measurement. After MRI, 2 of the 3 samples from each patella were immersed in a dilute trypsin solution (0.1 mg/mL), whereas the third sample was kept as a negative control in physiological saline. After incubation (6, 48, 72, and 96 hours), the samples were reimaged, stained for PG content and for the collagen orientation. Maps of ADC, FA, and the orientation of the first eigenvector as well as histology were available for each sample before and after incubation. RESULTS:PG loss led to increased ADC and reduced safranin-O staining from the articular surface to the bone-cartilage interface. A significant correlation (r = 0.86, P &lt; 0.01) was observed between the change in bulk ADC and PG loss. Regional analysis from the articular surface to the tide mark demonstrated depth dependent significant correlations of ADC and PG loss. FA and first eigenvector as well as polarized light microscopy showed only small changes in the order of magnitude of measurement errors, not correlating with PG loss. CONCLUSION:Mean diffusivity evidence by the ADC is linearly correlated to progressive PG extraction in articular cartilage. FA and the first eigenvector seem to be specific to the collagen architecture of cartilage. DTI has the potential to become a valuable biomarker for the workup of cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis, since evaluation of the PG content and collagen architectural properties of cartilage can be performed with a single, non–contrast-enhanced proton-based MRI measurement.</description><subject>Cartilage, Articular - chemistry</subject><subject>Cartilage, Articular - pathology</subject><subject>Collagen - ultrastructure</subject><subject>Diffusion Tensor Imaging</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Indicators and Reagents</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</subject><subject>Phenazines - chemistry</subject><subject>Proteoglycans - chemistry</subject><issn>0020-9996</issn><issn>1536-0210</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kMFu1DAQhi1ERZfCGyDkG6eUiZ3E9rFaCqy0ElXVimM060yyBicudtLSt8erLRw49DQz8vf_lj7G3pVwXoJRH6-3m3PYQSlJllqUVY2oX7BVWcumAFHCS7YCEFAYY5pT9jqlH5BvBfIVO824ULWRKzau9zgNxEPPP7m-X5ILE7-hKYXINyMObhr4FUYcaaaYuJv4RZydXTxGvsa8eszp727e86sYhkgpuXs67DOFwT9anPjl7zminXPzG3bSo0_09mmesdvPlzfrr8X225fN-mJbWFnXumiEVJqgM5WurDV1rTRgI2phGqFJ5bem6qCzoul011dKgCaByvRWdLvKVvKMfTj23sXwa6E0t6NLlrzHicKSWq1kFiEAMlkdSRtDSpH69i66EeNjW0J78Nxmz-3_nnPs_dMHy26k7l_or9gM6CPwEPzB3E-_PFBs94R-3j_f_QfC4Yyr</recordid><startdate>201106</startdate><enddate>201106</enddate><creator>Raya, José G</creator><creator>Melkus, Gerd</creator><creator>Adam-Neumair, Silvia</creator><creator>Dietrich, Olaf</creator><creator>Mützel, Elisabeth</creator><creator>Kahr, Bart</creator><creator>Reiser, Maximilian F</creator><creator>Jakob, Peter M</creator><creator>Putz, Reinhard</creator><creator>Glaser, Christian</creator><general>Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201106</creationdate><title>Change of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Parameters in Articular Cartilage With Progressive Proteoglycan Extraction</title><author>Raya, José G ; Melkus, Gerd ; Adam-Neumair, Silvia ; Dietrich, Olaf ; Mützel, Elisabeth ; Kahr, Bart ; Reiser, Maximilian F ; Jakob, Peter M ; Putz, Reinhard ; Glaser, Christian</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3558-62378e0d9484cc955780a62529628e778e64d0dc26d8df47208e2a79fc2db4c43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Cartilage, Articular - chemistry</topic><topic>Cartilage, Articular - pathology</topic><topic>Collagen - ultrastructure</topic><topic>Diffusion Tensor Imaging</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Indicators and Reagents</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</topic><topic>Phenazines - chemistry</topic><topic>Proteoglycans - chemistry</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Raya, José G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Melkus, Gerd</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adam-Neumair, Silvia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dietrich, Olaf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mützel, Elisabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kahr, Bart</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reiser, Maximilian F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jakob, Peter M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Putz, Reinhard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Glaser, Christian</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Investigative radiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Raya, José G</au><au>Melkus, Gerd</au><au>Adam-Neumair, Silvia</au><au>Dietrich, Olaf</au><au>Mützel, Elisabeth</au><au>Kahr, Bart</au><au>Reiser, Maximilian F</au><au>Jakob, Peter M</au><au>Putz, Reinhard</au><au>Glaser, Christian</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Change of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Parameters in Articular Cartilage With Progressive Proteoglycan Extraction</atitle><jtitle>Investigative radiology</jtitle><addtitle>Invest Radiol</addtitle><date>2011-06</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>46</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>401</spage><epage>409</epage><pages>401-409</pages><issn>0020-9996</issn><eissn>1536-0210</eissn><abstract>OBJECTIVE:To investigate changes of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters (mean apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], fractional anisotropy [FA], and first eigenvector) with increasing proteoglycan (PG) extraction of articular cartilage. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Twelve cylindrical cartilage-on-bone samples were drilled from 4 human patellae (3 per patella). Each sample was divided into 2 pieces. One piece underwent histologic examination to assess the PG content of the native sample by safranin-O staining and its collagen architecture by polarized light microscopy. The other underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 17.6 T for DTI measurement. After MRI, 2 of the 3 samples from each patella were immersed in a dilute trypsin solution (0.1 mg/mL), whereas the third sample was kept as a negative control in physiological saline. After incubation (6, 48, 72, and 96 hours), the samples were reimaged, stained for PG content and for the collagen orientation. Maps of ADC, FA, and the orientation of the first eigenvector as well as histology were available for each sample before and after incubation. RESULTS:PG loss led to increased ADC and reduced safranin-O staining from the articular surface to the bone-cartilage interface. A significant correlation (r = 0.86, P &lt; 0.01) was observed between the change in bulk ADC and PG loss. Regional analysis from the articular surface to the tide mark demonstrated depth dependent significant correlations of ADC and PG loss. FA and first eigenvector as well as polarized light microscopy showed only small changes in the order of magnitude of measurement errors, not correlating with PG loss. CONCLUSION:Mean diffusivity evidence by the ADC is linearly correlated to progressive PG extraction in articular cartilage. FA and the first eigenvector seem to be specific to the collagen architecture of cartilage. DTI has the potential to become a valuable biomarker for the workup of cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis, since evaluation of the PG content and collagen architectural properties of cartilage can be performed with a single, non–contrast-enhanced proton-based MRI measurement.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, Inc</pub><pmid>21427593</pmid><doi>10.1097/RLI.0b013e3182145aa8</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Cartilage, Articular - chemistry
Cartilage, Articular - pathology
Collagen - ultrastructure
Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Humans
Indicators and Reagents
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Phenazines - chemistry
Proteoglycans - chemistry
title Change of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Parameters in Articular Cartilage With Progressive Proteoglycan Extraction
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