Allozyme variation and genetic relationships among species in the Carex willdenowii complex (Cyperaceae)
A taxonomic study by Naczi, Reznicek, and Ford (American Journal of Botany, 85.434-447,1998) has determined that three species (Carex willdenowii, C. basiantha, and C. superata) can be recognized within the C. willdenowii complex. To determine the amount of genetic divergence within and between thes...
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| description | A taxonomic study by Naczi, Reznicek, and Ford (American Journal of Botany, 85.434-447,1998) has determined that three species (Carex willdenowii, C. basiantha, and C. superata) can be recognized within the C. willdenowii complex. To determine the amount of genetic divergence within and between these species, allozyme analyses were conducted on 14 populations distributed from Pennsylvania to eastern Texas. Seventeen loci were surveyed, 13 of which were polymorphic, with all populations being polymorphic at one or more loci. Interspecific genetic identities ranged from 0.560 (C. willdenowii and C. basiantha) to 0.807 (C. basiantha and C. superata). Alleles for the isozymes Aat-1, Dia-1, Idh-2, Mdh-2, Per-1, Pgm-1, and Pgm-2 served to distinguish C. willdenowii from C. basiantha and C. superata. Carex basiantha and C. superata were recognized by alleles of Mdh-2, Pgm-1, and Tpi-2. The genetic identities of populations within species were high and exceeded 0.957. A caespitose growth habit and perigynia in close proximity to the staminate flowers suggest adaptations for selfing and therefore low levels of heterozygosity. Paradoxically, the values for expected heterozygosities (Hexp) were always lower than those obtained by direct count (Hobs): F values were highly negative, indicating heterozygous excess. Disassortative mating and selection are discussed as possible mechanisms for maintaining heterozygous excess within populations |
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To determine the amount of genetic divergence within and between these species, allozyme analyses were conducted on 14 populations distributed from Pennsylvania to eastern Texas. Seventeen loci were surveyed, 13 of which were polymorphic, with all populations being polymorphic at one or more loci. Interspecific genetic identities ranged from 0.560 (C. willdenowii and C. basiantha) to 0.807 (C. basiantha and C. superata). Alleles for the isozymes Aat-1, Dia-1, Idh-2, Mdh-2, Per-1, Pgm-1, and Pgm-2 served to distinguish C. willdenowii from C. basiantha and C. superata. Carex basiantha and C. superata were recognized by alleles of Mdh-2, Pgm-1, and Tpi-2. The genetic identities of populations within species were high and exceeded 0.957. A caespitose growth habit and perigynia in close proximity to the staminate flowers suggest adaptations for selfing and therefore low levels of heterozygosity. Paradoxically, the values for expected heterozygosities (Hexp) were always lower than those obtained by direct count (Hobs): F values were highly negative, indicating heterozygous excess. Disassortative mating and selection are discussed as possible mechanisms for maintaining heterozygous excess within populations</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9122</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-2197</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2307/2446439</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21684938</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AJBOAA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Botanical Soc America</publisher><subject>ALABAMA (EU) ; ALABAMA (EUA) ; ALABAMA (USA) ; ALLELES ; ALLOENZYMES ; ALLOZYME ; allozyme divergence ; ALLOZYMES ; ALOZIMAS ; ANATOMIA DE LA PLANTA ; ANATOMIE VEGETALE ; ARKANSAS ; BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES ; Biological taxonomies ; Botany ; CAREX ; CAREX BASIANTHA ; CAREX SUPERATA ; Censuses ; cyperaceae ; DIFERENCIAS BIOLOGICAS ; DIFFERENCE BIOLOGIQUE ; Evolutionary genetics ; Flowers & plants ; GENE ; GENES ; GENETIC DIVERSITY ; Genetic loci ; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM ; GENETIC VARIATION ; Genetics ; HETEROCIGOTOS ; HETEROZYGOSITY ; HETEROZYGOTE ; HETEROZYGOTES ; heterozygous excess ; KENTUCKY ; LOCI ; LOCUS ; LOUISIANA ; LOUISIANE ; LUISIANA ; MISSISSIPPI ; OHIO ; OKLAHOMA ; PENNSYLVANIA ; PENNSYLVANIE ; PLANT ANATOMY ; Plants ; POLIMORFISMO GENETICO ; POLYMORPHIC LOCI ; POLYMORPHISME GENETIQUE ; Population genetics ; SELECCION ; SELECTION ; SELECTION PRESSURE ; species delimitation ; SPECIES DIFFERENCES ; Systematics and Phytogeography ; TAXONOMIA ; TAXONOMIE ; TAXONOMY ; TENNESSEE ; TEXAS ; VARIACION GENETICA ; VARIATION GENETIQUE ; Waterways</subject><ispartof>American journal of botany, 1998-04, Vol.85 (4), p.546-552</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1998 Botanical Society of America, Inc.</rights><rights>1998 Botanical Society of America</rights><rights>Copyright Botanical Society of America, Inc. Apr 1998</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/2446439$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/2446439$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,801,1414,1430,27911,27912,45561,45562,46396,46820,58004,58237</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21684938$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ford, B.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McQueen, D.A.R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naczi, R.F.C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reznicek, A.A</creatorcontrib><title>Allozyme variation and genetic relationships among species in the Carex willdenowii complex (Cyperaceae)</title><title>American journal of botany</title><addtitle>Am J Bot</addtitle><description>A taxonomic study by Naczi, Reznicek, and Ford (American Journal of Botany, 85.434-447,1998) has determined that three species (Carex willdenowii, C. basiantha, and C. superata) can be recognized within the C. willdenowii complex. To determine the amount of genetic divergence within and between these species, allozyme analyses were conducted on 14 populations distributed from Pennsylvania to eastern Texas. Seventeen loci were surveyed, 13 of which were polymorphic, with all populations being polymorphic at one or more loci. Interspecific genetic identities ranged from 0.560 (C. willdenowii and C. basiantha) to 0.807 (C. basiantha and C. superata). Alleles for the isozymes Aat-1, Dia-1, Idh-2, Mdh-2, Per-1, Pgm-1, and Pgm-2 served to distinguish C. willdenowii from C. basiantha and C. superata. Carex basiantha and C. superata were recognized by alleles of Mdh-2, Pgm-1, and Tpi-2. The genetic identities of populations within species were high and exceeded 0.957. A caespitose growth habit and perigynia in close proximity to the staminate flowers suggest adaptations for selfing and therefore low levels of heterozygosity. Paradoxically, the values for expected heterozygosities (Hexp) were always lower than those obtained by direct count (Hobs): F values were highly negative, indicating heterozygous excess. Disassortative mating and selection are discussed as possible mechanisms for maintaining heterozygous excess within populations</description><subject>ALABAMA (EU)</subject><subject>ALABAMA (EUA)</subject><subject>ALABAMA (USA)</subject><subject>ALLELES</subject><subject>ALLOENZYMES</subject><subject>ALLOZYME</subject><subject>allozyme divergence</subject><subject>ALLOZYMES</subject><subject>ALOZIMAS</subject><subject>ANATOMIA DE LA PLANTA</subject><subject>ANATOMIE VEGETALE</subject><subject>ARKANSAS</subject><subject>BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES</subject><subject>Biological taxonomies</subject><subject>Botany</subject><subject>CAREX</subject><subject>CAREX BASIANTHA</subject><subject>CAREX SUPERATA</subject><subject>Censuses</subject><subject>cyperaceae</subject><subject>DIFERENCIAS BIOLOGICAS</subject><subject>DIFFERENCE BIOLOGIQUE</subject><subject>Evolutionary genetics</subject><subject>Flowers & plants</subject><subject>GENE</subject><subject>GENES</subject><subject>GENETIC DIVERSITY</subject><subject>Genetic loci</subject><subject>GENETIC POLYMORPHISM</subject><subject>GENETIC VARIATION</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>HETEROCIGOTOS</subject><subject>HETEROZYGOSITY</subject><subject>HETEROZYGOTE</subject><subject>HETEROZYGOTES</subject><subject>heterozygous excess</subject><subject>KENTUCKY</subject><subject>LOCI</subject><subject>LOCUS</subject><subject>LOUISIANA</subject><subject>LOUISIANE</subject><subject>LUISIANA</subject><subject>MISSISSIPPI</subject><subject>OHIO</subject><subject>OKLAHOMA</subject><subject>PENNSYLVANIA</subject><subject>PENNSYLVANIE</subject><subject>PLANT ANATOMY</subject><subject>Plants</subject><subject>POLIMORFISMO GENETICO</subject><subject>POLYMORPHIC LOCI</subject><subject>POLYMORPHISME GENETIQUE</subject><subject>Population genetics</subject><subject>SELECCION</subject><subject>SELECTION</subject><subject>SELECTION PRESSURE</subject><subject>species delimitation</subject><subject>SPECIES DIFFERENCES</subject><subject>Systematics and Phytogeography</subject><subject>TAXONOMIA</subject><subject>TAXONOMIE</subject><subject>TAXONOMY</subject><subject>TENNESSEE</subject><subject>TEXAS</subject><subject>VARIACION GENETICA</subject><subject>VARIATION GENETIQUE</subject><subject>Waterways</subject><issn>0002-9122</issn><issn>1537-2197</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1998</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp90UuP0zAQAGALgdiyIP4AIAuJ1yHgV-L42K14aiUOsGfLdSaNKycOdkq2_Hq8pIDEgZM1M5_GmhmEHlLymnEi3zAhKsHVLbSiJZcFo0reRitCCCsUZewM3Utpn0MlFLuLzhitaqF4vULd2vvw49gD_m6iM5MLAzZDg3cwwOQsjuB_JVPnxoRNH4YdTiNYBwm7AU8d4I2JcI1n530DQ5idwzb0o8-5l5vjCNFYMPDqPrrTGp_gwek9R1fv3n7dfCguP7__uFlfFq2gpCq43TK7FaUqCa0sa0rKBJiWCCG5kKUybSktbytVQw6thKptGLmZRTBDieTn6MXSd4zh2wHSpHuXLHhvBgiHpGvJKcuOZvn8v5JWua1kKsOn_8B9OMQhT6EZLWtZC8ozenJCh20PjR6j60086t-rzqBYQN4UHP_UKdE3F9SnC-r1pwtGSlFl_2jx-zSF-Lff4nL52VLu3K6bXQSdeuN9_p3qeZ7rUgu9tHm8uNYEbXbRJX31hSolSVVzJvlPfpep-w</recordid><startdate>199804</startdate><enddate>199804</enddate><creator>Ford, B.A</creator><creator>McQueen, D.A.R</creator><creator>Naczi, R.F.C</creator><creator>Reznicek, A.A</creator><general>Botanical Soc America</general><general>American Botanical Society</general><general>Botanical Society of America, Inc</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>199804</creationdate><title>Allozyme variation and genetic relationships among species in the Carex willdenowii complex (Cyperaceae)</title><author>Ford, B.A ; McQueen, D.A.R ; Naczi, R.F.C ; Reznicek, A.A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-f4106-3cb2cb4595016c2d5124eaf044734759af57c3f698e475c7e6fd20493842a1073</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1998</creationdate><topic>ALABAMA (EU)</topic><topic>ALABAMA (EUA)</topic><topic>ALABAMA (USA)</topic><topic>ALLELES</topic><topic>ALLOENZYMES</topic><topic>ALLOZYME</topic><topic>allozyme divergence</topic><topic>ALLOZYMES</topic><topic>ALOZIMAS</topic><topic>ANATOMIA DE LA PLANTA</topic><topic>ANATOMIE VEGETALE</topic><topic>ARKANSAS</topic><topic>BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES</topic><topic>Biological taxonomies</topic><topic>Botany</topic><topic>CAREX</topic><topic>CAREX BASIANTHA</topic><topic>CAREX SUPERATA</topic><topic>Censuses</topic><topic>cyperaceae</topic><topic>DIFERENCIAS BIOLOGICAS</topic><topic>DIFFERENCE BIOLOGIQUE</topic><topic>Evolutionary genetics</topic><topic>Flowers & plants</topic><topic>GENE</topic><topic>GENES</topic><topic>GENETIC DIVERSITY</topic><topic>Genetic loci</topic><topic>GENETIC POLYMORPHISM</topic><topic>GENETIC VARIATION</topic><topic>Genetics</topic><topic>HETEROCIGOTOS</topic><topic>HETEROZYGOSITY</topic><topic>HETEROZYGOTE</topic><topic>HETEROZYGOTES</topic><topic>heterozygous excess</topic><topic>KENTUCKY</topic><topic>LOCI</topic><topic>LOCUS</topic><topic>LOUISIANA</topic><topic>LOUISIANE</topic><topic>LUISIANA</topic><topic>MISSISSIPPI</topic><topic>OHIO</topic><topic>OKLAHOMA</topic><topic>PENNSYLVANIA</topic><topic>PENNSYLVANIE</topic><topic>PLANT ANATOMY</topic><topic>Plants</topic><topic>POLIMORFISMO GENETICO</topic><topic>POLYMORPHIC LOCI</topic><topic>POLYMORPHISME GENETIQUE</topic><topic>Population genetics</topic><topic>SELECCION</topic><topic>SELECTION</topic><topic>SELECTION PRESSURE</topic><topic>species delimitation</topic><topic>SPECIES DIFFERENCES</topic><topic>Systematics and Phytogeography</topic><topic>TAXONOMIA</topic><topic>TAXONOMIE</topic><topic>TAXONOMY</topic><topic>TENNESSEE</topic><topic>TEXAS</topic><topic>VARIACION GENETICA</topic><topic>VARIATION GENETIQUE</topic><topic>Waterways</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ford, B.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McQueen, D.A.R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naczi, R.F.C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reznicek, A.A</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>American journal of botany</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ford, B.A</au><au>McQueen, D.A.R</au><au>Naczi, R.F.C</au><au>Reznicek, A.A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Allozyme variation and genetic relationships among species in the Carex willdenowii complex (Cyperaceae)</atitle><jtitle>American journal of botany</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Bot</addtitle><date>1998-04</date><risdate>1998</risdate><volume>85</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>546</spage><epage>552</epage><pages>546-552</pages><issn>0002-9122</issn><eissn>1537-2197</eissn><coden>AJBOAA</coden><abstract>A taxonomic study by Naczi, Reznicek, and Ford (American Journal of Botany, 85.434-447,1998) has determined that three species (Carex willdenowii, C. basiantha, and C. superata) can be recognized within the C. willdenowii complex. To determine the amount of genetic divergence within and between these species, allozyme analyses were conducted on 14 populations distributed from Pennsylvania to eastern Texas. Seventeen loci were surveyed, 13 of which were polymorphic, with all populations being polymorphic at one or more loci. Interspecific genetic identities ranged from 0.560 (C. willdenowii and C. basiantha) to 0.807 (C. basiantha and C. superata). Alleles for the isozymes Aat-1, Dia-1, Idh-2, Mdh-2, Per-1, Pgm-1, and Pgm-2 served to distinguish C. willdenowii from C. basiantha and C. superata. Carex basiantha and C. superata were recognized by alleles of Mdh-2, Pgm-1, and Tpi-2. The genetic identities of populations within species were high and exceeded 0.957. A caespitose growth habit and perigynia in close proximity to the staminate flowers suggest adaptations for selfing and therefore low levels of heterozygosity. Paradoxically, the values for expected heterozygosities (Hexp) were always lower than those obtained by direct count (Hobs): F values were highly negative, indicating heterozygous excess. Disassortative mating and selection are discussed as possible mechanisms for maintaining heterozygous excess within populations</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Botanical Soc America</pub><pmid>21684938</pmid><doi>10.2307/2446439</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | American journal of botany, 1998-04, Vol.85 (4), p.546-552 |
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| source | Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Jstor Complete Legacy; Wiley Free Content |
| subjects | ALABAMA (EU) ALABAMA (EUA) ALABAMA (USA) ALLELES ALLOENZYMES ALLOZYME allozyme divergence ALLOZYMES ALOZIMAS ANATOMIA DE LA PLANTA ANATOMIE VEGETALE ARKANSAS BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES Biological taxonomies Botany CAREX CAREX BASIANTHA CAREX SUPERATA Censuses cyperaceae DIFERENCIAS BIOLOGICAS DIFFERENCE BIOLOGIQUE Evolutionary genetics Flowers & plants GENE GENES GENETIC DIVERSITY Genetic loci GENETIC POLYMORPHISM GENETIC VARIATION Genetics HETEROCIGOTOS HETEROZYGOSITY HETEROZYGOTE HETEROZYGOTES heterozygous excess KENTUCKY LOCI LOCUS LOUISIANA LOUISIANE LUISIANA MISSISSIPPI OHIO OKLAHOMA PENNSYLVANIA PENNSYLVANIE PLANT ANATOMY Plants POLIMORFISMO GENETICO POLYMORPHIC LOCI POLYMORPHISME GENETIQUE Population genetics SELECCION SELECTION SELECTION PRESSURE species delimitation SPECIES DIFFERENCES Systematics and Phytogeography TAXONOMIA TAXONOMIE TAXONOMY TENNESSEE TEXAS VARIACION GENETICA VARIATION GENETIQUE Waterways |
| title | Allozyme variation and genetic relationships among species in the Carex willdenowii complex (Cyperaceae) |
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