Paradigm Shifts in Habitat Ecology of Threatened Newfoundland Martens

We evaluated multiscale habitat selection by threatened Newfoundland (Canada) martens (Martes americana atrata) across landscapes composed of a range of habitat types to test the hypothesis that martens preferred mature (61–80-yr-old) and overmature (>80 yr) conifer stands. At both the landscape...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Journal of wildlife management 2010-05, Vol.74 (4), p.719-728
Hauptverfasser: HEARN, BRIAN J., HARRISON, DANIEL J., FULLER, ANGELA K., LUNDRIGAN, CYRIL G., CURRAN, WILLIAM J.
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container_issue 4
container_start_page 719
container_title The Journal of wildlife management
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creator HEARN, BRIAN J.
HARRISON, DANIEL J.
FULLER, ANGELA K.
LUNDRIGAN, CYRIL G.
CURRAN, WILLIAM J.
description We evaluated multiscale habitat selection by threatened Newfoundland (Canada) martens (Martes americana atrata) across landscapes composed of a range of habitat types to test the hypothesis that martens preferred mature (61–80-yr-old) and overmature (>80 yr) conifer stands. At both the landscape and stand scales, adult (≥1 yr) resident martens (n  =  58, 92 yr-specific home ranges) selected for, or used in proportion to availability, a broad range of habitat types, including recent cuts ≤5 yr old, regenerating forest 29% younger aged forest. Maintaining resident martens in landscapes where forest harvesting is occurring requires prescriptions that recognize the highly fragmented nature of the natural landscape, the prevalence of mature and overmature forest, younger forests, avoided land-cover types, and human access.
doi_str_mv 10.2193/2009-138
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At both the landscape and stand scales, adult (≥1 yr) resident martens (n  =  58, 92 yr-specific home ranges) selected for, or used in proportion to availability, a broad range of habitat types, including recent cuts ≤5 yr old, regenerating forest &lt;6.5 m, precommercially thinned stands, and mature and overmature forest. Marten home ranges were not dominated by mature and overmature forest; median availability of mature and overmature forest within individual home ranges was only 30% (range  =  11–76%). Age distributions were not different among martens with high, intermediate, and low quantity of mature and overmature forest in their home range; our data do not indicate that martens inhabiting ranges with little mature and overmature forest were compromising fitness. Habitat selection by martens in Newfoundland was more generalized than has traditionally been inferred, and we suggest that inherent landscape fragmentation, in combination with absence of many predators and competitors (i.e., ecological release), caused the Newfoundland marten to evolve to use a more generalized habitat niche than many mainland populations of American martens. We recommend that landscapes suitable for marten not exceed &gt;29% younger aged forest. 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At both the landscape and stand scales, adult (≥1 yr) resident martens (n  =  58, 92 yr-specific home ranges) selected for, or used in proportion to availability, a broad range of habitat types, including recent cuts ≤5 yr old, regenerating forest &lt;6.5 m, precommercially thinned stands, and mature and overmature forest. Marten home ranges were not dominated by mature and overmature forest; median availability of mature and overmature forest within individual home ranges was only 30% (range  =  11–76%). Age distributions were not different among martens with high, intermediate, and low quantity of mature and overmature forest in their home range; our data do not indicate that martens inhabiting ranges with little mature and overmature forest were compromising fitness. Habitat selection by martens in Newfoundland was more generalized than has traditionally been inferred, and we suggest that inherent landscape fragmentation, in combination with absence of many predators and competitors (i.e., ecological release), caused the Newfoundland marten to evolve to use a more generalized habitat niche than many mainland populations of American martens. We recommend that landscapes suitable for marten not exceed &gt;29% younger aged forest. 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subjects Age
Animal behavior
Birds
Coniferous forests
Conifers
Data processing
Field study
Fitness
Forest ecology
Forest habitats
Forest regeneration
Forest stands
Forests
Habitat
Habitat conservation
Habitat selection
Habitats
Harvesting
Home range
Land cover
Landscape
Mammals
MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION
marten
Martens
Martes americana
Martes americana atrata
Mortality
Newfoundland
Niches
Predators
preference
scale
selection
Small mammals
Wildlife management
title Paradigm Shifts in Habitat Ecology of Threatened Newfoundland Martens
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