Prenatal exposure to diclofenac sodium changes the morphology of the male rat cervical spinal cord: A stereological and histopathological study
Abstract Diclofenac sodium is one of the most commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It may cause alteration in the nervous system during neuronal development. However, there is no investigation concerning its role in the cervical spinal cord. Pregnant rats were divided into two groups...
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creator | Özyurt, Birsen Kesici, Hakan Alıcı, S. Kübra Yılmaz, Saadet Odacı, Ersan Aslan, Hüseyin Rağbetli, Murat Ç Kaplan, Süleyman |
description | Abstract Diclofenac sodium is one of the most commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It may cause alteration in the nervous system during neuronal development. However, there is no investigation concerning its role in the cervical spinal cord. Pregnant rats were divided into two groups, namely drug-treated and control (saline-injected) groups. To obtain the offspring of the drug-treated group, a dose of 1 mg/kg daily diclofenac sodium (Voltaren, 75 mg/3 ml ampoule, Novartis) was injected into the pregnant rats beginning from the 5th day after mating to the 20th day of the pregnancy. To obtain the control group of offspring, serum physiological at a 1 ml/kg daily dose was injected into the pregnant control rats during the same period. Male offspring were obtained after delivery and each group was divided into two subgroups: 4-week-old and 20-week-old. The total neuron number in diclofenac sodium-treated rats was significantly lower than in the control group animals. The total volume of the cervical spinal cord segments (C1–C4) was also estimated. There was a significant difference between the volumes of the two groups, especially in the 20-week-old subgroup. This may suggest that development of neurons and volume of cervical spinal cord are affected in prenatal animals after administration of diclofenac sodium. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.ntt.2011.01.002 |
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Kübra ; Yılmaz, Saadet ; Odacı, Ersan ; Aslan, Hüseyin ; Rağbetli, Murat Ç ; Kaplan, Süleyman</creator><creatorcontrib>Özyurt, Birsen ; Kesici, Hakan ; Alıcı, S. Kübra ; Yılmaz, Saadet ; Odacı, Ersan ; Aslan, Hüseyin ; Rağbetli, Murat Ç ; Kaplan, Süleyman</creatorcontrib><description>Abstract Diclofenac sodium is one of the most commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It may cause alteration in the nervous system during neuronal development. However, there is no investigation concerning its role in the cervical spinal cord. Pregnant rats were divided into two groups, namely drug-treated and control (saline-injected) groups. To obtain the offspring of the drug-treated group, a dose of 1 mg/kg daily diclofenac sodium (Voltaren, 75 mg/3 ml ampoule, Novartis) was injected into the pregnant rats beginning from the 5th day after mating to the 20th day of the pregnancy. To obtain the control group of offspring, serum physiological at a 1 ml/kg daily dose was injected into the pregnant control rats during the same period. Male offspring were obtained after delivery and each group was divided into two subgroups: 4-week-old and 20-week-old. The total neuron number in diclofenac sodium-treated rats was significantly lower than in the control group animals. The total volume of the cervical spinal cord segments (C1–C4) was also estimated. There was a significant difference between the volumes of the two groups, especially in the 20-week-old subgroup. This may suggest that development of neurons and volume of cervical spinal cord are affected in prenatal animals after administration of diclofenac sodium.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0892-0362</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-9738</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2011.01.002</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21241796</identifier><identifier>CODEN: NETEEC</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - toxicity ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cell Count ; Cervical spinal cord ; Cervical Vertebrae ; Development ; Diclofenac ; Diclofenac - toxicity ; Emergency ; Female ; Male ; Mating ; Medical Education ; Medical sciences ; Nervous system ; Neuron ; Neurons ; Neurons - drug effects ; Neurons - pathology ; Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal experience ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - chemically induced ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - pathology ; Progeny ; Rat ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sodium ; Spinal cord ; Spinal Cord - drug effects ; Spinal Cord - embryology ; Spinal Cord - growth & development ; Spinal Cord - pathology ; Stereology ; Toxicology</subject><ispartof>Neurotoxicology and teratology, 2011-03, Vol.33 (2), p.282-287</ispartof><rights>Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2011 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. 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Kübra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yılmaz, Saadet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Odacı, Ersan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aslan, Hüseyin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rağbetli, Murat Ç</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaplan, Süleyman</creatorcontrib><title>Prenatal exposure to diclofenac sodium changes the morphology of the male rat cervical spinal cord: A stereological and histopathological study</title><title>Neurotoxicology and teratology</title><addtitle>Neurotoxicol Teratol</addtitle><description>Abstract Diclofenac sodium is one of the most commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It may cause alteration in the nervous system during neuronal development. However, there is no investigation concerning its role in the cervical spinal cord. Pregnant rats were divided into two groups, namely drug-treated and control (saline-injected) groups. To obtain the offspring of the drug-treated group, a dose of 1 mg/kg daily diclofenac sodium (Voltaren, 75 mg/3 ml ampoule, Novartis) was injected into the pregnant rats beginning from the 5th day after mating to the 20th day of the pregnancy. To obtain the control group of offspring, serum physiological at a 1 ml/kg daily dose was injected into the pregnant control rats during the same period. Male offspring were obtained after delivery and each group was divided into two subgroups: 4-week-old and 20-week-old. The total neuron number in diclofenac sodium-treated rats was significantly lower than in the control group animals. The total volume of the cervical spinal cord segments (C1–C4) was also estimated. There was a significant difference between the volumes of the two groups, especially in the 20-week-old subgroup. This may suggest that development of neurons and volume of cervical spinal cord are affected in prenatal animals after administration of diclofenac sodium.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - toxicity</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cell Count</subject><subject>Cervical spinal cord</subject><subject>Cervical Vertebrae</subject><subject>Development</subject><subject>Diclofenac</subject><subject>Diclofenac - toxicity</subject><subject>Emergency</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mating</subject><subject>Medical Education</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Nervous system</subject><subject>Neuron</subject><subject>Neurons</subject><subject>Neurons - drug effects</subject><subject>Neurons - pathology</subject><subject>Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Prenatal experience</subject><subject>Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - chemically induced</subject><subject>Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - pathology</subject><subject>Progeny</subject><subject>Rat</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Wistar</subject><subject>Sodium</subject><subject>Spinal cord</subject><subject>Spinal Cord - drug effects</subject><subject>Spinal Cord - embryology</subject><subject>Spinal Cord - growth & development</subject><subject>Spinal Cord - pathology</subject><subject>Stereology</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><issn>0892-0362</issn><issn>1872-9738</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkt-L1DAQx4so3nr6B_gieRGfdp0kbdMqCMfhLzhQUJ9DNp1cs3abmkkP96_wXzZ11xN8EGFgyMxnhsl8pygec9hw4PXz3WZMaSOA8w1kA3GnWPFGiXWrZHO3WEHTijXIWpwVD4h2AKBqDveLM8FFyVVbr4ofHyOOJpmB4fcp0ByRpcA6b4fgcsIyCp2f98z2ZrxGYqlHtg9x6sMQrg8suGPEDMiiScxivPE2d6PJj9nZELsX7IJRwohLya-kGTvWe0phMqm_jVKau8PD4p4zA-Gjkz8vvrx5_fny3frqw9v3lxdXa1vWbVoro0pXWl5yBwqcwLaUuN0623a1k9v8NlXnrNoKqVCU-d9GcVmhqtpWtk7I8-LZse8Uw7cZKem9J4vDYEYMM-mmVqpUUsF_kNA0QpYLyY-kjYEootNT9HsTD5qDXgTTO50F04tgGrLBMseTU_d5u8futuK3Qhl4egIM5S25aEbr6Q9XcsigytzLI4d5azceoybrcbTY-Yg26S74f47x6q9qO_hxkeUrHpB2YY5ZTtJck9CgPy2XtRwW5_mooKrkT4y0ynU</recordid><startdate>20110301</startdate><enddate>20110301</enddate><creator>Özyurt, Birsen</creator><creator>Kesici, Hakan</creator><creator>Alıcı, S. 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Kübra</au><au>Yılmaz, Saadet</au><au>Odacı, Ersan</au><au>Aslan, Hüseyin</au><au>Rağbetli, Murat Ç</au><au>Kaplan, Süleyman</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Prenatal exposure to diclofenac sodium changes the morphology of the male rat cervical spinal cord: A stereological and histopathological study</atitle><jtitle>Neurotoxicology and teratology</jtitle><addtitle>Neurotoxicol Teratol</addtitle><date>2011-03-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>33</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>282</spage><epage>287</epage><pages>282-287</pages><issn>0892-0362</issn><eissn>1872-9738</eissn><coden>NETEEC</coden><abstract>Abstract Diclofenac sodium is one of the most commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It may cause alteration in the nervous system during neuronal development. However, there is no investigation concerning its role in the cervical spinal cord. Pregnant rats were divided into two groups, namely drug-treated and control (saline-injected) groups. To obtain the offspring of the drug-treated group, a dose of 1 mg/kg daily diclofenac sodium (Voltaren, 75 mg/3 ml ampoule, Novartis) was injected into the pregnant rats beginning from the 5th day after mating to the 20th day of the pregnancy. To obtain the control group of offspring, serum physiological at a 1 ml/kg daily dose was injected into the pregnant control rats during the same period. Male offspring were obtained after delivery and each group was divided into two subgroups: 4-week-old and 20-week-old. The total neuron number in diclofenac sodium-treated rats was significantly lower than in the control group animals. The total volume of the cervical spinal cord segments (C1–C4) was also estimated. There was a significant difference between the volumes of the two groups, especially in the 20-week-old subgroup. This may suggest that development of neurons and volume of cervical spinal cord are affected in prenatal animals after administration of diclofenac sodium.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>21241796</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.ntt.2011.01.002</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - toxicity Biological and medical sciences Cell Count Cervical spinal cord Cervical Vertebrae Development Diclofenac Diclofenac - toxicity Emergency Female Male Mating Medical Education Medical sciences Nervous system Neuron Neurons Neurons - drug effects Neurons - pathology Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs Pregnancy Prenatal experience Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - chemically induced Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - pathology Progeny Rat Rats Rats, Wistar Sodium Spinal cord Spinal Cord - drug effects Spinal Cord - embryology Spinal Cord - growth & development Spinal Cord - pathology Stereology Toxicology |
title | Prenatal exposure to diclofenac sodium changes the morphology of the male rat cervical spinal cord: A stereological and histopathological study |
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