An Evaluation of Diazacon as a Potential Contraceptive in Non-Native Rose-Ringed Parakeets
Rose-ringed parakeets (Psittacula krameri) have become widely established outside their native range through accidental or deliberate release. Potential economic impacts on agriculture, conservation concerns, and mixed public opinion regarding the species have highlighted the need to develop effecti...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of wildlife management 2010-04, Vol.74 (3), p.573-581 |
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| container_title | The Journal of wildlife management |
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| creator | LAMBERT, MARK S. MASSEI, GIOVANNA YODER, CHRISTI A. COWAN, DAVID P. |
| description | Rose-ringed parakeets (Psittacula krameri) have become widely established outside their native range through accidental or deliberate release. Potential economic impacts on agriculture, conservation concerns, and mixed public opinion regarding the species have highlighted the need to develop effective but humane management options. Fertility control might provide such a solution if a safe and environmentally benign contraceptive was available. The chemical 20,25-diazacholesterol dihydrochloride (diazacon) has previously been used to reduce reproductive output in avian species through reduction of blood cholesterol and cholesterol-dependent reproductive hormones. We orally dosed captive rose-ringed parakeets with a solution of either 9 mg/kg or 18 mg/kg of diazacon for up to 10 days and found that a dose of 18 mg/kg for 10 days temporarily reduced blood cholesterol levels with no adverse side effects. We evaluated this dose level in a captive population in semi-natural conditions during the 2008 breeding season and found a significant decrease in fertility. We concluded that diazacon has potential for fertility control in this species if a suitable formulation and delivery system is developed for free-living populations. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2193/2008-531 |
| format | Article |
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Potential economic impacts on agriculture, conservation concerns, and mixed public opinion regarding the species have highlighted the need to develop effective but humane management options. Fertility control might provide such a solution if a safe and environmentally benign contraceptive was available. The chemical 20,25-diazacholesterol dihydrochloride (diazacon) has previously been used to reduce reproductive output in avian species through reduction of blood cholesterol and cholesterol-dependent reproductive hormones. We orally dosed captive rose-ringed parakeets with a solution of either 9 mg/kg or 18 mg/kg of diazacon for up to 10 days and found that a dose of 18 mg/kg for 10 days temporarily reduced blood cholesterol levels with no adverse side effects. We evaluated this dose level in a captive population in semi-natural conditions during the 2008 breeding season and found a significant decrease in fertility. We concluded that diazacon has potential for fertility control in this species if a suitable formulation and delivery system is developed for free-living populations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-541X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1937-2817</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2193/2008-531</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JWMAA9</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: The Wildlife Society</publisher><subject>Agriculture ; Aviculture ; Benign ; Bird nesting ; Birds ; Blood ; Breeding seasons ; breeding success ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterols ; Conservation ; Contraception ; Contraceptives ; Economic impact ; Economics ; Egg fertility ; Eggs ; Experimentation ; Fertility ; fertility control ; Hormones ; invasive species ; Methods ; Parakeets ; parrots ; Psittacula krameri ; Public opinion ; Side effects ; TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY ; Urban areas ; Wildlife conservation ; Wildlife management</subject><ispartof>The Journal of wildlife management, 2010-04, Vol.74 (3), p.573-581</ispartof><rights>The Wildlife Society</rights><rights>Copyright 2010 The Wildlife Society</rights><rights>2010 The Wildlife Society</rights><rights>Copyright Allen Press Publishing Services Apr 2010</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b4473-47ceb151e9fbc11c57b015acb7e73ab82cc55c2f36e7982695d87cc941a1dc143</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b4473-47ceb151e9fbc11c57b015acb7e73ab82cc55c2f36e7982695d87cc941a1dc143</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27760487$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/27760487$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551,57992,58225</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>LAMBERT, MARK S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MASSEI, GIOVANNA</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>YODER, CHRISTI A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>COWAN, DAVID P.</creatorcontrib><title>An Evaluation of Diazacon as a Potential Contraceptive in Non-Native Rose-Ringed Parakeets</title><title>The Journal of wildlife management</title><description>Rose-ringed parakeets (Psittacula krameri) have become widely established outside their native range through accidental or deliberate release. Potential economic impacts on agriculture, conservation concerns, and mixed public opinion regarding the species have highlighted the need to develop effective but humane management options. Fertility control might provide such a solution if a safe and environmentally benign contraceptive was available. The chemical 20,25-diazacholesterol dihydrochloride (diazacon) has previously been used to reduce reproductive output in avian species through reduction of blood cholesterol and cholesterol-dependent reproductive hormones. We orally dosed captive rose-ringed parakeets with a solution of either 9 mg/kg or 18 mg/kg of diazacon for up to 10 days and found that a dose of 18 mg/kg for 10 days temporarily reduced blood cholesterol levels with no adverse side effects. We evaluated this dose level in a captive population in semi-natural conditions during the 2008 breeding season and found a significant decrease in fertility. We concluded that diazacon has potential for fertility control in this species if a suitable formulation and delivery system is developed for free-living populations.</description><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Aviculture</subject><subject>Benign</subject><subject>Bird nesting</subject><subject>Birds</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Breeding seasons</subject><subject>breeding success</subject><subject>Cholesterol</subject><subject>Cholesterols</subject><subject>Conservation</subject><subject>Contraception</subject><subject>Contraceptives</subject><subject>Economic impact</subject><subject>Economics</subject><subject>Egg fertility</subject><subject>Eggs</subject><subject>Experimentation</subject><subject>Fertility</subject><subject>fertility control</subject><subject>Hormones</subject><subject>invasive species</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Parakeets</subject><subject>parrots</subject><subject>Psittacula krameri</subject><subject>Public 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Non-Native Rose-Ringed Parakeets</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of wildlife management</jtitle><date>2010-04</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>74</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>573</spage><epage>581</epage><pages>573-581</pages><issn>0022-541X</issn><eissn>1937-2817</eissn><coden>JWMAA9</coden><abstract>Rose-ringed parakeets (Psittacula krameri) have become widely established outside their native range through accidental or deliberate release. Potential economic impacts on agriculture, conservation concerns, and mixed public opinion regarding the species have highlighted the need to develop effective but humane management options. Fertility control might provide such a solution if a safe and environmentally benign contraceptive was available. The chemical 20,25-diazacholesterol dihydrochloride (diazacon) has previously been used to reduce reproductive output in avian species through reduction of blood cholesterol and cholesterol-dependent reproductive hormones. We orally dosed captive rose-ringed parakeets with a solution of either 9 mg/kg or 18 mg/kg of diazacon for up to 10 days and found that a dose of 18 mg/kg for 10 days temporarily reduced blood cholesterol levels with no adverse side effects. We evaluated this dose level in a captive population in semi-natural conditions during the 2008 breeding season and found a significant decrease in fertility. We concluded that diazacon has potential for fertility control in this species if a suitable formulation and delivery system is developed for free-living populations.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>The Wildlife Society</pub><doi>10.2193/2008-531</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | The Journal of wildlife management, 2010-04, Vol.74 (3), p.573-581 |
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| source | Jstor Complete Legacy; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Agriculture Aviculture Benign Bird nesting Birds Blood Breeding seasons breeding success Cholesterol Cholesterols Conservation Contraception Contraceptives Economic impact Economics Egg fertility Eggs Experimentation Fertility fertility control Hormones invasive species Methods Parakeets parrots Psittacula krameri Public opinion Side effects TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY Urban areas Wildlife conservation Wildlife management |
| title | An Evaluation of Diazacon as a Potential Contraceptive in Non-Native Rose-Ringed Parakeets |
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