Role of the coinhibitory receptor cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen‐4 on apoptosis‐Prone CD8 T cells in persistent hepatitis B virus infection

An excess of coinhibitory signals has been proposed to drive the T‐cell exhaustion characteristic of persistent viral infections. In this study we examined the contribution of the coinhibitory receptor cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen‐4 (CTLA‐4) to CD8 T cell tolerance in chronic hepatitis B virus (HB...

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Veröffentlicht in:Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) Md.), 2011-05, Vol.53 (5), p.1494-1503
Hauptverfasser: Schurich, Anna, Khanna, Pooja, Lopes, A. Ross, Han, Ki Jun, Peppa, Dimitra, Micco, Lorenzo, Nebbia, Gaia, Kennedy, Patrick T.F., Geretti, Anna‐Maria, Dusheiko, Geoffrey, Maini, Mala K.
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container_issue 5
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container_title Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)
container_volume 53
creator Schurich, Anna
Khanna, Pooja
Lopes, A. Ross
Han, Ki Jun
Peppa, Dimitra
Micco, Lorenzo
Nebbia, Gaia
Kennedy, Patrick T.F.
Geretti, Anna‐Maria
Dusheiko, Geoffrey
Maini, Mala K.
description An excess of coinhibitory signals has been proposed to drive the T‐cell exhaustion characteristic of persistent viral infections. In this study we examined the contribution of the coinhibitory receptor cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen‐4 (CTLA‐4) to CD8 T cell tolerance in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (CHB). CD8 T cells in patients with CHB have an increased propensity to express the coinhibitory receptor CTLA‐4 and this correlates with viral load. CTLA‐4 is up‐regulated on those HBV‐specific CD8 T cells with the highest levels of the proapoptotic protein Bim, which we have previously shown mediates their premature attrition; abrogation of CTLA‐4‐mediated coinhibition can reduce Bim expression. Longitudinal study of CHB patients beginning antiviral therapy reveals that HBV DNA suppression induces transient reconstitution of HBV‐specific CD8 T cells but does not reprogram their CTLA‐4hiBimhi tolerogenic phenotype. Blocking CTLA‐4 is able to increase the expansion of interferon gamma (IFN‐γ)‐producing HBV‐specific CD8 T cells in both the peripheral and intrahepatic compartments. The rescue of anti‐HBV responses by either CTLA‐4 or PD‐L1 blockade is nonredundant. Conclusion: CTLA‐4 is expressed by HBV‐specific CD8 T cells with high levels of Bim and helps to drive this proapoptotic phenotype. CTLA‐4 blockade could form one arm of a therapeutic approach to modulate the diverse patterns of coregulation of T‐cell exhaustion in this heterogeneous disease. (HEPATOLOGY 2011;)
doi_str_mv 10.1002/hep.24249
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CTLA‐4 is up‐regulated on those HBV‐specific CD8 T cells with the highest levels of the proapoptotic protein Bim, which we have previously shown mediates their premature attrition; abrogation of CTLA‐4‐mediated coinhibition can reduce Bim expression. Longitudinal study of CHB patients beginning antiviral therapy reveals that HBV DNA suppression induces transient reconstitution of HBV‐specific CD8 T cells but does not reprogram their CTLA‐4hiBimhi tolerogenic phenotype. Blocking CTLA‐4 is able to increase the expansion of interferon gamma (IFN‐γ)‐producing HBV‐specific CD8 T cells in both the peripheral and intrahepatic compartments. The rescue of anti‐HBV responses by either CTLA‐4 or PD‐L1 blockade is nonredundant. Conclusion: CTLA‐4 is expressed by HBV‐specific CD8 T cells with high levels of Bim and helps to drive this proapoptotic phenotype. 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CD8 T cells in patients with CHB have an increased propensity to express the coinhibitory receptor CTLA‐4 and this correlates with viral load. CTLA‐4 is up‐regulated on those HBV‐specific CD8 T cells with the highest levels of the proapoptotic protein Bim, which we have previously shown mediates their premature attrition; abrogation of CTLA‐4‐mediated coinhibition can reduce Bim expression. Longitudinal study of CHB patients beginning antiviral therapy reveals that HBV DNA suppression induces transient reconstitution of HBV‐specific CD8 T cells but does not reprogram their CTLA‐4hiBimhi tolerogenic phenotype. Blocking CTLA‐4 is able to increase the expansion of interferon gamma (IFN‐γ)‐producing HBV‐specific CD8 T cells in both the peripheral and intrahepatic compartments. The rescue of anti‐HBV responses by either CTLA‐4 or PD‐L1 blockade is nonredundant. 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In this study we examined the contribution of the coinhibitory receptor cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen‐4 (CTLA‐4) to CD8 T cell tolerance in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (CHB). CD8 T cells in patients with CHB have an increased propensity to express the coinhibitory receptor CTLA‐4 and this correlates with viral load. CTLA‐4 is up‐regulated on those HBV‐specific CD8 T cells with the highest levels of the proapoptotic protein Bim, which we have previously shown mediates their premature attrition; abrogation of CTLA‐4‐mediated coinhibition can reduce Bim expression. Longitudinal study of CHB patients beginning antiviral therapy reveals that HBV DNA suppression induces transient reconstitution of HBV‐specific CD8 T cells but does not reprogram their CTLA‐4hiBimhi tolerogenic phenotype. Blocking CTLA‐4 is able to increase the expansion of interferon gamma (IFN‐γ)‐producing HBV‐specific CD8 T cells in both the peripheral and intrahepatic compartments. The rescue of anti‐HBV responses by either CTLA‐4 or PD‐L1 blockade is nonredundant. Conclusion: CTLA‐4 is expressed by HBV‐specific CD8 T cells with high levels of Bim and helps to drive this proapoptotic phenotype. CTLA‐4 blockade could form one arm of a therapeutic approach to modulate the diverse patterns of coregulation of T‐cell exhaustion in this heterogeneous disease. (HEPATOLOGY 2011;)</abstract><cop>Hoboken</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</pub><pmid>21360567</pmid><doi>10.1002/hep.24249</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Adult
Aged
Antigens
Antigens, CD - physiology
Apoptosis - physiology
Biological and medical sciences
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - physiology
Cells, Cultured
CTLA-4 Antigen
Cytotoxicity
Female
Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen
Hepatitis
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis B, Chronic - immunology
Hepatology
Human viral diseases
Humans
Infectious diseases
Interferon
Liver. Biliary tract. Portal circulation. Exocrine pancreas
Lymphocytes
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Viral diseases
Viral hepatitis
Viral infections
Young Adult
title Role of the coinhibitory receptor cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen‐4 on apoptosis‐Prone CD8 T cells in persistent hepatitis B virus infection
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