Perception of suffering and compassion experience: Brain gender disparities
► fMRI while subjects viewed pictures of human suffering that evoke compassion. ► Women manifested activation in areas involved in emotional and empathic processes. ► Men manifested restricted activation in areas involved in socially learned processes. ► Our findings suggest that compassion constitu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Brain and cognition 2011-06, Vol.76 (1), p.5-14 |
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| creator | Mercadillo, Roberto E. Díaz, José Luis Pasaye, Erick H. Barrios, Fernando A. |
| description | ► fMRI while subjects viewed pictures of human suffering that evoke compassion. ► Women manifested activation in areas involved in emotional and empathic processes. ► Men manifested restricted activation in areas involved in socially learned processes. ► Our findings suggest that compassion constitute gender-relative subjective phenomena.
Compassion is considered a moral emotion related to the perception of suffering in others, and resulting in a motivation to alleviate the afflicted party. We compared brain correlates of compassion-evoking images in women and men. BOLD functional images of 24 healthy volunteers (twelve women and twelve men; age
=
27
±
2.5 y.o.) were acquired in a 3T magnetic resonance scanner while subjects viewed pictures of human suffering previously verified to elicit compassion and indicated their compassionate experience by finger movements. Functional analysis revealed that while women manifested activation in areas involved in basic emotional, empathic, and moral processes, such as basal regions and cingulate and frontal cortices, activation in men was restricted mainly to the occipital cortex and parahippocampal gyrus. These findings suggest that compassion and its moral elements constitute gender-relative subjective phenomena emerging from differently evolved neural mechanisms and socially learned features possibly related to nurturing skills. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.bandc.2011.03.019 |
| format | Article |
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Compassion is considered a moral emotion related to the perception of suffering in others, and resulting in a motivation to alleviate the afflicted party. We compared brain correlates of compassion-evoking images in women and men. BOLD functional images of 24 healthy volunteers (twelve women and twelve men; age
=
27
±
2.5 y.o.) were acquired in a 3T magnetic resonance scanner while subjects viewed pictures of human suffering previously verified to elicit compassion and indicated their compassionate experience by finger movements. Functional analysis revealed that while women manifested activation in areas involved in basic emotional, empathic, and moral processes, such as basal regions and cingulate and frontal cortices, activation in men was restricted mainly to the occipital cortex and parahippocampal gyrus. These findings suggest that compassion and its moral elements constitute gender-relative subjective phenomena emerging from differently evolved neural mechanisms and socially learned features possibly related to nurturing skills.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0278-2626</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1090-2147</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2011.03.019</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21492980</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BRCOEI</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Altruism ; Anatomical correlates of behavior ; Behavioral psychophysiology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Brain - physiology ; Brain Hemisphere Functions ; Brain Mapping ; Cognition ; Comparative Analysis ; Compassion ; Correlation ; Culture ; Diagnostic Tests ; Emotion ; Emotional Disturbances ; Emotions - physiology ; Empathy ; Facial Expression ; Female ; Functional imaging ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gender ; Gender Differences ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Moral ; Moral Development ; Motor Reactions ; Nurture ; Photic Stimulation ; Pictorial Stimuli ; Psychological Patterns ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychophysiology ; Sex Characteristics ; Social attribution, perception and cognition ; Social neuroscience ; Social Perception ; Social psychology ; Socialization ; Stress, Psychological</subject><ispartof>Brain and cognition, 2011-06, Vol.76 (1), p.5-14</ispartof><rights>2011 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-6103b950f14f4f6d8f57a7140c28ec6bea6d0fbdfa2201a4d442153c801f00913</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-6103b950f14f4f6d8f57a7140c28ec6bea6d0fbdfa2201a4d442153c801f00913</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2011.03.019$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,3551,27929,27930,46000</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ923032$$DView record in ERIC$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=24177666$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21492980$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mercadillo, Roberto E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Díaz, José Luis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pasaye, Erick H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barrios, Fernando A.</creatorcontrib><title>Perception of suffering and compassion experience: Brain gender disparities</title><title>Brain and cognition</title><addtitle>Brain Cogn</addtitle><description>► fMRI while subjects viewed pictures of human suffering that evoke compassion. ► Women manifested activation in areas involved in emotional and empathic processes. ► Men manifested restricted activation in areas involved in socially learned processes. ► Our findings suggest that compassion constitute gender-relative subjective phenomena.
Compassion is considered a moral emotion related to the perception of suffering in others, and resulting in a motivation to alleviate the afflicted party. We compared brain correlates of compassion-evoking images in women and men. BOLD functional images of 24 healthy volunteers (twelve women and twelve men; age
=
27
±
2.5 y.o.) were acquired in a 3T magnetic resonance scanner while subjects viewed pictures of human suffering previously verified to elicit compassion and indicated their compassionate experience by finger movements. Functional analysis revealed that while women manifested activation in areas involved in basic emotional, empathic, and moral processes, such as basal regions and cingulate and frontal cortices, activation in men was restricted mainly to the occipital cortex and parahippocampal gyrus. These findings suggest that compassion and its moral elements constitute gender-relative subjective phenomena emerging from differently evolved neural mechanisms and socially learned features possibly related to nurturing skills.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Altruism</subject><subject>Anatomical correlates of behavior</subject><subject>Behavioral psychophysiology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Brain - physiology</subject><subject>Brain Hemisphere Functions</subject><subject>Brain Mapping</subject><subject>Cognition</subject><subject>Comparative Analysis</subject><subject>Compassion</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Culture</subject><subject>Diagnostic Tests</subject><subject>Emotion</subject><subject>Emotional Disturbances</subject><subject>Emotions - physiology</subject><subject>Empathy</subject><subject>Facial Expression</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Functional imaging</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Gender</subject><subject>Gender Differences</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Image Processing, Computer-Assisted</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Moral</subject><subject>Moral Development</subject><subject>Motor Reactions</subject><subject>Nurture</subject><subject>Photic Stimulation</subject><subject>Pictorial Stimuli</subject><subject>Psychological Patterns</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychophysiology</subject><subject>Sex Characteristics</subject><subject>Social attribution, perception and cognition</subject><subject>Social neuroscience</subject><subject>Social Perception</subject><subject>Social psychology</subject><subject>Socialization</subject><subject>Stress, Psychological</subject><issn>0278-2626</issn><issn>1090-2147</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kM1O6zAQhS0Egl7gCUAoG3RXCeOfOgkSC0DlX4IFrC3HHiNXbRLs9AreHpcW7o6VpTnfjHw-Qg4oFBSoPJkWjW6tKRhQWgAvgNYbZEShhpxRUW6SEbCyyplkcof8iXEKALVgbJvspLxmdQUjcv-EwWA_-K7NOpfFhXMYfPuapdOZ6ea9jnGZ4Xuf5tgaPM0ugvZt9oqtxZBZH3sd_OAx7pEtp2cR99fvLnm5mjxf3uQPj9e3l-cPuRHleMglBd7UY3BUOOGkrdy41CUVYFiFRjaopQXXWKdZqqaFFYLRMTcVUJcaUL5L_q7u9qF7W2Ac1NxHg7OZbrFbRFVJLlI7XieSr0gTuhgDOtUHP9fhQ1FQS4lqqr4kqqVEBVwliWnraH1_0czR_ux8W0vA8RrQ0eiZC7o1Pv7nBC1LKWXiDldcUmd-4sldzThwluKzdZxk_fMYVDRfiq0PaAZlO__rPz8BO9mZeA</recordid><startdate>20110601</startdate><enddate>20110601</enddate><creator>Mercadillo, Roberto E.</creator><creator>Díaz, José Luis</creator><creator>Pasaye, Erick H.</creator><creator>Barrios, Fernando A.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>7SW</scope><scope>BJH</scope><scope>BNH</scope><scope>BNI</scope><scope>BNJ</scope><scope>BNO</scope><scope>ERI</scope><scope>PET</scope><scope>REK</scope><scope>WWN</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110601</creationdate><title>Perception of suffering and compassion experience: Brain gender disparities</title><author>Mercadillo, Roberto E. ; Díaz, José Luis ; Pasaye, Erick H. ; Barrios, Fernando A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-6103b950f14f4f6d8f57a7140c28ec6bea6d0fbdfa2201a4d442153c801f00913</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Altruism</topic><topic>Anatomical correlates of behavior</topic><topic>Behavioral psychophysiology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Brain - physiology</topic><topic>Brain Hemisphere Functions</topic><topic>Brain Mapping</topic><topic>Cognition</topic><topic>Comparative Analysis</topic><topic>Compassion</topic><topic>Correlation</topic><topic>Culture</topic><topic>Diagnostic Tests</topic><topic>Emotion</topic><topic>Emotional Disturbances</topic><topic>Emotions - physiology</topic><topic>Empathy</topic><topic>Facial Expression</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Functional imaging</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Gender</topic><topic>Gender Differences</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Image Processing, Computer-Assisted</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Moral</topic><topic>Moral Development</topic><topic>Motor Reactions</topic><topic>Nurture</topic><topic>Photic Stimulation</topic><topic>Pictorial Stimuli</topic><topic>Psychological Patterns</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychophysiology</topic><topic>Sex Characteristics</topic><topic>Social attribution, perception and cognition</topic><topic>Social neuroscience</topic><topic>Social Perception</topic><topic>Social psychology</topic><topic>Socialization</topic><topic>Stress, Psychological</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mercadillo, Roberto E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Díaz, José Luis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pasaye, Erick H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barrios, Fernando A.</creatorcontrib><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Ovid)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>ERIC( SilverPlatter )</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Brain and cognition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mercadillo, Roberto E.</au><au>Díaz, José Luis</au><au>Pasaye, Erick H.</au><au>Barrios, Fernando A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ923032</ericid><atitle>Perception of suffering and compassion experience: Brain gender disparities</atitle><jtitle>Brain and cognition</jtitle><addtitle>Brain Cogn</addtitle><date>2011-06-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>76</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>5</spage><epage>14</epage><pages>5-14</pages><issn>0278-2626</issn><eissn>1090-2147</eissn><coden>BRCOEI</coden><abstract>► fMRI while subjects viewed pictures of human suffering that evoke compassion. ► Women manifested activation in areas involved in emotional and empathic processes. ► Men manifested restricted activation in areas involved in socially learned processes. ► Our findings suggest that compassion constitute gender-relative subjective phenomena.
Compassion is considered a moral emotion related to the perception of suffering in others, and resulting in a motivation to alleviate the afflicted party. We compared brain correlates of compassion-evoking images in women and men. BOLD functional images of 24 healthy volunteers (twelve women and twelve men; age
=
27
±
2.5 y.o.) were acquired in a 3T magnetic resonance scanner while subjects viewed pictures of human suffering previously verified to elicit compassion and indicated their compassionate experience by finger movements. Functional analysis revealed that while women manifested activation in areas involved in basic emotional, empathic, and moral processes, such as basal regions and cingulate and frontal cortices, activation in men was restricted mainly to the occipital cortex and parahippocampal gyrus. These findings suggest that compassion and its moral elements constitute gender-relative subjective phenomena emerging from differently evolved neural mechanisms and socially learned features possibly related to nurturing skills.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>21492980</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.bandc.2011.03.019</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Altruism Anatomical correlates of behavior Behavioral psychophysiology Biological and medical sciences Brain - physiology Brain Hemisphere Functions Brain Mapping Cognition Comparative Analysis Compassion Correlation Culture Diagnostic Tests Emotion Emotional Disturbances Emotions - physiology Empathy Facial Expression Female Functional imaging Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gender Gender Differences Humans Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Moral Moral Development Motor Reactions Nurture Photic Stimulation Pictorial Stimuli Psychological Patterns Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Sex Characteristics Social attribution, perception and cognition Social neuroscience Social Perception Social psychology Socialization Stress, Psychological |
| title | Perception of suffering and compassion experience: Brain gender disparities |
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