Culture and the prevalence of hallucinations in schizophrenia
Abstract Objective Besides demographic, clinical, familial, and biographical factors, culture and ethnicity may plausibly influence the manifestation of hallucinations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of culture on the frequency of different kinds of hallucinations in schi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Comprehensive psychiatry 2011-05, Vol.52 (3), p.319-325 |
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| creator | Bauer, Susanne M Schanda, Hans Karakula, Hanna Olajossy-Hilkesberger, Luiza Rudaleviciene, Palmira Okribelashvili, Nino Chaudhry, Haroon R Idemudia, Sunday E Gscheider, Sharon Ritter, Kristina Stompe, Thomas |
| description | Abstract Objective Besides demographic, clinical, familial, and biographical factors, culture and ethnicity may plausibly influence the manifestation of hallucinations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of culture on the frequency of different kinds of hallucinations in schizophrenia. Method Patients with a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia were diagnosed by means of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria. Seven independent samples were consecutively recruited in Austria, Lithuania, Poland, Georgia, Ghana, Nigeria, and Pakistan using identical inclusion/exclusion criteria and assessment procedures (N = 1080 patients total). The association of key demographic factors (sex and age), clinical factors (age at onset and duration of illness), and country of origin with hallucinations of different kinds was examined. Results The prevalence of various kinds of hallucinations was substantially different in the samples; however, the rank order of their occurrence was similar. Auditory hallucinations were relatively infrequent in Austria and Georgia and more prevalent in patients with an early age at onset of disease. Visual hallucinations were more frequently reported by the West African patients compared with subjects from the other 5 countries. Cenesthetic hallucinations were most prevalent in Ghana and in patients with a long duration of illness. Conclusion We hypothesize that the prevalence of the different kinds of hallucinations in schizophrenia is the result of the interaction of a variety of factors like cultural patterns as well as clinical parameters. According to our study, culture seems to play a decisive role and should be taken into account to a greater extent in considerations concerning the pathogenesis of psychotic symptoms. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.comppsych.2010.06.008 |
| format | Article |
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of culture on the frequency of different kinds of hallucinations in schizophrenia. Method Patients with a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia were diagnosed by means of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria. Seven independent samples were consecutively recruited in Austria, Lithuania, Poland, Georgia, Ghana, Nigeria, and Pakistan using identical inclusion/exclusion criteria and assessment procedures (N = 1080 patients total). The association of key demographic factors (sex and age), clinical factors (age at onset and duration of illness), and country of origin with hallucinations of different kinds was examined. Results The prevalence of various kinds of hallucinations was substantially different in the samples; however, the rank order of their occurrence was similar. Auditory hallucinations were relatively infrequent in Austria and Georgia and more prevalent in patients with an early age at onset of disease. Visual hallucinations were more frequently reported by the West African patients compared with subjects from the other 5 countries. Cenesthetic hallucinations were most prevalent in Ghana and in patients with a long duration of illness. Conclusion We hypothesize that the prevalence of the different kinds of hallucinations in schizophrenia is the result of the interaction of a variety of factors like cultural patterns as well as clinical parameters. According to our study, culture seems to play a decisive role and should be taken into account to a greater extent in considerations concerning the pathogenesis of psychotic symptoms.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0010-440X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-8384</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2010.06.008</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21497227</identifier><identifier>CODEN: COPYAV</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Austria - epidemiology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Cultural differences ; Culture ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Georgia (Republic) - epidemiology ; Ghana - epidemiology ; Hallucinations - diagnosis ; Hallucinations - epidemiology ; Hallucinations - ethnology ; Humans ; Lithuania - epidemiology ; Male ; Medical imaging ; Medical sciences ; Mental disorders ; Middle Aged ; Nigeria - epidemiology ; Pakistan - epidemiology ; Phenomenology ; Poland - epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Psychoses ; Schizophrenia ; Schizophrenia - diagnosis ; Schizophrenia - epidemiology ; Schizophrenia - ethnology ; Studies</subject><ispartof>Comprehensive psychiatry, 2011-05, Vol.52 (3), p.319-325</ispartof><rights>Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2011 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c483t-549bd214b047960582a27964a7923161ec573b59a0d51c983f8047c289b8ecf33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c483t-549bd214b047960582a27964a7923161ec573b59a0d51c983f8047c289b8ecf33</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X10000787$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65534</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=24136985$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21497227$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bauer, Susanne M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schanda, Hans</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karakula, Hanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olajossy-Hilkesberger, Luiza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rudaleviciene, Palmira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okribelashvili, Nino</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chaudhry, Haroon R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Idemudia, Sunday E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gscheider, Sharon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ritter, Kristina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stompe, Thomas</creatorcontrib><title>Culture and the prevalence of hallucinations in schizophrenia</title><title>Comprehensive psychiatry</title><addtitle>Compr Psychiatry</addtitle><description>Abstract Objective Besides demographic, clinical, familial, and biographical factors, culture and ethnicity may plausibly influence the manifestation of hallucinations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of culture on the frequency of different kinds of hallucinations in schizophrenia. Method Patients with a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia were diagnosed by means of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria. Seven independent samples were consecutively recruited in Austria, Lithuania, Poland, Georgia, Ghana, Nigeria, and Pakistan using identical inclusion/exclusion criteria and assessment procedures (N = 1080 patients total). The association of key demographic factors (sex and age), clinical factors (age at onset and duration of illness), and country of origin with hallucinations of different kinds was examined. Results The prevalence of various kinds of hallucinations was substantially different in the samples; however, the rank order of their occurrence was similar. Auditory hallucinations were relatively infrequent in Austria and Georgia and more prevalent in patients with an early age at onset of disease. Visual hallucinations were more frequently reported by the West African patients compared with subjects from the other 5 countries. Cenesthetic hallucinations were most prevalent in Ghana and in patients with a long duration of illness. Conclusion We hypothesize that the prevalence of the different kinds of hallucinations in schizophrenia is the result of the interaction of a variety of factors like cultural patterns as well as clinical parameters. According to our study, culture seems to play a decisive role and should be taken into account to a greater extent in considerations concerning the pathogenesis of psychotic symptoms.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Austria - epidemiology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cross-Cultural Comparison</subject><subject>Cultural differences</subject><subject>Culture</subject><subject>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Georgia (Republic) - epidemiology</subject><subject>Ghana - epidemiology</subject><subject>Hallucinations - diagnosis</subject><subject>Hallucinations - epidemiology</subject><subject>Hallucinations - ethnology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Lithuania - epidemiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical imaging</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Mental disorders</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nigeria - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pakistan - epidemiology</subject><subject>Phenomenology</subject><subject>Poland - epidemiology</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychoses</subject><subject>Schizophrenia</subject><subject>Schizophrenia - diagnosis</subject><subject>Schizophrenia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Schizophrenia - ethnology</subject><subject>Studies</subject><issn>0010-440X</issn><issn>1532-8384</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkluL1DAUgIMo7rj6F7Qg4lPH3JrLgwvL4A0WfFDBt5CmpzRjJq1JuzD-elNm3IV98ikh5zuXfByEXhG8JZiId_utGw_TlI9u2FJcXrHYYqweoQ1pGK0VU_wx2uASqTnHPy_Qs5z3uBBK8afoghKuJaVyg97vljAvCSobu2oeoJoS3NoA0UE19tVgQ1icj3b2Y8yVj1V2g_8zTkOC6O1z9KS3IcOL83mJfnz88H33ub75-unL7vqmdlyxuW64brvSs8VcaoEbRS0tF26lpowIAq6RrG20xV1DnFasV4V0VOlWgesZu0RvT3WnNP5eIM_m4LODEGyEcclGCSowY1IU8vUDcj8uKZbhDMFUK9UI2RRKniiXxpwT9GZK_mDTsUBmFWz25k6wWQUbLEzRVzJfnusv7QG6u7x_Rgvw5gzY7Gzok43O53uOEya0Wke4PnFQvN16SCY7v2rvfAI3m270_zHM1YMaLvjoS9tfcIR8_3OTqcHm27oP6zqQsglYKsn-AhTIsG0</recordid><startdate>20110501</startdate><enddate>20110501</enddate><creator>Bauer, Susanne M</creator><creator>Schanda, Hans</creator><creator>Karakula, Hanna</creator><creator>Olajossy-Hilkesberger, Luiza</creator><creator>Rudaleviciene, Palmira</creator><creator>Okribelashvili, Nino</creator><creator>Chaudhry, Haroon R</creator><creator>Idemudia, Sunday E</creator><creator>Gscheider, Sharon</creator><creator>Ritter, Kristina</creator><creator>Stompe, Thomas</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PHGZM</scope><scope>PHGZT</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PJZUB</scope><scope>PKEHL</scope><scope>PPXIY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110501</creationdate><title>Culture and the prevalence of hallucinations in schizophrenia</title><author>Bauer, Susanne M ; Schanda, Hans ; Karakula, Hanna ; Olajossy-Hilkesberger, Luiza ; Rudaleviciene, Palmira ; Okribelashvili, Nino ; Chaudhry, Haroon R ; Idemudia, Sunday E ; Gscheider, Sharon ; Ritter, Kristina ; Stompe, Thomas</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c483t-549bd214b047960582a27964a7923161ec573b59a0d51c983f8047c289b8ecf33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>Austria - epidemiology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cross-Cultural Comparison</topic><topic>Cultural differences</topic><topic>Culture</topic><topic>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Georgia (Republic) - epidemiology</topic><topic>Ghana - epidemiology</topic><topic>Hallucinations - diagnosis</topic><topic>Hallucinations - epidemiology</topic><topic>Hallucinations - ethnology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Lithuania - epidemiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical imaging</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Mental disorders</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nigeria - epidemiology</topic><topic>Pakistan - epidemiology</topic><topic>Phenomenology</topic><topic>Poland - epidemiology</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychoses</topic><topic>Schizophrenia</topic><topic>Schizophrenia - diagnosis</topic><topic>Schizophrenia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Schizophrenia - ethnology</topic><topic>Studies</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bauer, Susanne M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schanda, Hans</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karakula, Hanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olajossy-Hilkesberger, Luiza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rudaleviciene, Palmira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okribelashvili, Nino</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chaudhry, Haroon R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Idemudia, Sunday E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gscheider, Sharon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ritter, Kristina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stompe, Thomas</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Psychology</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic (New)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Health & Nursing</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Comprehensive psychiatry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bauer, Susanne M</au><au>Schanda, Hans</au><au>Karakula, Hanna</au><au>Olajossy-Hilkesberger, Luiza</au><au>Rudaleviciene, Palmira</au><au>Okribelashvili, Nino</au><au>Chaudhry, Haroon R</au><au>Idemudia, Sunday E</au><au>Gscheider, Sharon</au><au>Ritter, Kristina</au><au>Stompe, Thomas</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Culture and the prevalence of hallucinations in schizophrenia</atitle><jtitle>Comprehensive psychiatry</jtitle><addtitle>Compr Psychiatry</addtitle><date>2011-05-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>52</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>319</spage><epage>325</epage><pages>319-325</pages><issn>0010-440X</issn><eissn>1532-8384</eissn><coden>COPYAV</coden><abstract>Abstract Objective Besides demographic, clinical, familial, and biographical factors, culture and ethnicity may plausibly influence the manifestation of hallucinations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of culture on the frequency of different kinds of hallucinations in schizophrenia. Method Patients with a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia were diagnosed by means of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria. Seven independent samples were consecutively recruited in Austria, Lithuania, Poland, Georgia, Ghana, Nigeria, and Pakistan using identical inclusion/exclusion criteria and assessment procedures (N = 1080 patients total). The association of key demographic factors (sex and age), clinical factors (age at onset and duration of illness), and country of origin with hallucinations of different kinds was examined. Results The prevalence of various kinds of hallucinations was substantially different in the samples; however, the rank order of their occurrence was similar. Auditory hallucinations were relatively infrequent in Austria and Georgia and more prevalent in patients with an early age at onset of disease. Visual hallucinations were more frequently reported by the West African patients compared with subjects from the other 5 countries. Cenesthetic hallucinations were most prevalent in Ghana and in patients with a long duration of illness. Conclusion We hypothesize that the prevalence of the different kinds of hallucinations in schizophrenia is the result of the interaction of a variety of factors like cultural patterns as well as clinical parameters. According to our study, culture seems to play a decisive role and should be taken into account to a greater extent in considerations concerning the pathogenesis of psychotic symptoms.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>21497227</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.comppsych.2010.06.008</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Adult and adolescent clinical studies Austria - epidemiology Biological and medical sciences Cross-Cultural Comparison Cultural differences Culture Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Epidemiology Female Georgia (Republic) - epidemiology Ghana - epidemiology Hallucinations - diagnosis Hallucinations - epidemiology Hallucinations - ethnology Humans Lithuania - epidemiology Male Medical imaging Medical sciences Mental disorders Middle Aged Nigeria - epidemiology Pakistan - epidemiology Phenomenology Poland - epidemiology Prevalence Psychiatry Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Psychoses Schizophrenia Schizophrenia - diagnosis Schizophrenia - epidemiology Schizophrenia - ethnology Studies |
| title | Culture and the prevalence of hallucinations in schizophrenia |
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