Differential effects of reasoning and speed training in children

The goal of this study was to determine whether intensive training can ameliorate cognitive skills in children. Children aged 7 to 9 from low socioeconomic backgrounds participated in one of two cognitive training programs for 60 minutes/day and 2 days/week, for a total of 8 weeks. Both training pro...

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Veröffentlicht in:Developmental science 2011-05, Vol.14 (3), p.582-590
Hauptverfasser: Mackey, Allyson P., Hill, Susanna S., Stone, Susan I., Bunge, Silvia A.
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container_title Developmental science
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creator Mackey, Allyson P.
Hill, Susanna S.
Stone, Susan I.
Bunge, Silvia A.
description The goal of this study was to determine whether intensive training can ameliorate cognitive skills in children. Children aged 7 to 9 from low socioeconomic backgrounds participated in one of two cognitive training programs for 60 minutes/day and 2 days/week, for a total of 8 weeks. Both training programs consisted of commercially available computerized and non‐computerized games. Reasoning training emphasized planning and relational integration; speed training emphasized rapid visual detection and rapid motor responses. Standard assessments of reasoning ability – the Test of Non‐Verbal Intelligence (TONI‐3) and cognitive speed (Coding B from WISC IV) – were administered to all children before and after training. Neither group was exposed to these standardized tests during training. Children in the reasoning group improved substantially on TONI (Cohen’s d = 1.51), exhibiting an average increase of 10 points in Performance IQ, but did not improve on Coding. By contrast, children in the speed group improved substantially on Coding (d = 1.15), but did not improve on TONI. Counter to widespread belief, these results indicate that both fluid reasoning and processing speed are modifiable by training.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.01005.x
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Children aged 7 to 9 from low socioeconomic backgrounds participated in one of two cognitive training programs for 60 minutes/day and 2 days/week, for a total of 8 weeks. Both training programs consisted of commercially available computerized and non‐computerized games. Reasoning training emphasized planning and relational integration; speed training emphasized rapid visual detection and rapid motor responses. Standard assessments of reasoning ability – the Test of Non‐Verbal Intelligence (TONI‐3) and cognitive speed (Coding B from WISC IV) – were administered to all children before and after training. Neither group was exposed to these standardized tests during training. Children in the reasoning group improved substantially on TONI (Cohen’s d = 1.51), exhibiting an average increase of 10 points in Performance IQ, but did not improve on Coding. By contrast, children in the speed group improved substantially on Coding (d = 1.15), but did not improve on TONI. 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subjects Child
Child Development
Children
Cognition & reasoning
Cognition - physiology
Cognitive Processes
Computer Uses in Education
Education
Executive Function - physiology
Female
Games
Humans
Information processing
Intelligence
Intelligence Quotient
Intelligence Tests
Male
Mental Processes - physiology
Motor Skills
Problem Solving
Standardized Tests
Test of Nonverbal Intelligence
Time Factors
Training
Video Games
title Differential effects of reasoning and speed training in children
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