Differential effects of reasoning and speed training in children
The goal of this study was to determine whether intensive training can ameliorate cognitive skills in children. Children aged 7 to 9 from low socioeconomic backgrounds participated in one of two cognitive training programs for 60 minutes/day and 2 days/week, for a total of 8 weeks. Both training pro...
Gespeichert in:
Veröffentlicht in: | Developmental science 2011-05, Vol.14 (3), p.582-590 |
---|---|
Hauptverfasser: | , , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
container_end_page | 590 |
---|---|
container_issue | 3 |
container_start_page | 582 |
container_title | Developmental science |
container_volume | 14 |
creator | Mackey, Allyson P. Hill, Susanna S. Stone, Susan I. Bunge, Silvia A. |
description | The goal of this study was to determine whether intensive training can ameliorate cognitive skills in children. Children aged 7 to 9 from low socioeconomic backgrounds participated in one of two cognitive training programs for 60 minutes/day and 2 days/week, for a total of 8 weeks. Both training programs consisted of commercially available computerized and non‐computerized games. Reasoning training emphasized planning and relational integration; speed training emphasized rapid visual detection and rapid motor responses. Standard assessments of reasoning ability – the Test of Non‐Verbal Intelligence (TONI‐3) and cognitive speed (Coding B from WISC IV) – were administered to all children before and after training. Neither group was exposed to these standardized tests during training. Children in the reasoning group improved substantially on TONI (Cohen’s d = 1.51), exhibiting an average increase of 10 points in Performance IQ, but did not improve on Coding. By contrast, children in the speed group improved substantially on Coding (d = 1.15), but did not improve on TONI. Counter to widespread belief, these results indicate that both fluid reasoning and processing speed are modifiable by training. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.01005.x |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_861592689</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><ericid>EJ929687</ericid><sourcerecordid>861592689</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4555-318c8082b49681f024465d60212b8bb671aaac0f2383a14fd53d587e5cef624f3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkEtv1DAUhS3Uij7gHyAUsWGVqd92NlXRdCigqgUBojvLca6pp5lkamfE9N_jNGUWrGrJ8tU93z22D0IFwTOS18lyRrhUpZJazSjO3byxmG1foMOdsJdrJlmphLg5QEcpLTHGnGHyEh1QwpUilTxEZ-fBe4jQDcG2BeTaDanofRHBpr4L3e_Cdk2R1gBNMUQbHluhK9xtaJs89wrte9smeP10HqOfHxc_5p_Ky-uLz_MPl6XjQoiSEe001rTmldTEY8q5FI3ElNBa17VUxFrrsKdMM0u4bwRrhFYgHHhJuWfH6P3ku479_QbSYFYhOWhb20G_SUZLIioqdZXJd_-Ry34Tu_y4DOEKa4JZhvQEudinFMGbdQwrGx8MwWbM2CzNGKUZozRjxuYxY7PNo2-f_Df1Cprd4L9QM_BmAiAGt5MXXyqa_66yfDrJf0ILD8--15wvvs_HMhuUk0FIA2x3BjbeGamYEubX1YVRen7zjX2VRrC_xFyg1w</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>860908103</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Differential effects of reasoning and speed training in children</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Access via Wiley Online Library</source><creator>Mackey, Allyson P. ; Hill, Susanna S. ; Stone, Susan I. ; Bunge, Silvia A.</creator><creatorcontrib>Mackey, Allyson P. ; Hill, Susanna S. ; Stone, Susan I. ; Bunge, Silvia A.</creatorcontrib><description>The goal of this study was to determine whether intensive training can ameliorate cognitive skills in children. Children aged 7 to 9 from low socioeconomic backgrounds participated in one of two cognitive training programs for 60 minutes/day and 2 days/week, for a total of 8 weeks. Both training programs consisted of commercially available computerized and non‐computerized games. Reasoning training emphasized planning and relational integration; speed training emphasized rapid visual detection and rapid motor responses. Standard assessments of reasoning ability – the Test of Non‐Verbal Intelligence (TONI‐3) and cognitive speed (Coding B from WISC IV) – were administered to all children before and after training. Neither group was exposed to these standardized tests during training. Children in the reasoning group improved substantially on TONI (Cohen’s d = 1.51), exhibiting an average increase of 10 points in Performance IQ, but did not improve on Coding. By contrast, children in the speed group improved substantially on Coding (d = 1.15), but did not improve on TONI. Counter to widespread belief, these results indicate that both fluid reasoning and processing speed are modifiable by training.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1363-755X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1467-7687</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.01005.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21477196</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Child ; Child Development ; Children ; Cognition & reasoning ; Cognition - physiology ; Cognitive Processes ; Computer Uses in Education ; Education ; Executive Function - physiology ; Female ; Games ; Humans ; Information processing ; Intelligence ; Intelligence Quotient ; Intelligence Tests ; Male ; Mental Processes - physiology ; Motor Skills ; Problem Solving ; Standardized Tests ; Test of Nonverbal Intelligence ; Time Factors ; Training ; Video Games</subject><ispartof>Developmental science, 2011-05, Vol.14 (3), p.582-590</ispartof><rights>2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</rights><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4555-318c8082b49681f024465d60212b8bb671aaac0f2383a14fd53d587e5cef624f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4555-318c8082b49681f024465d60212b8bb671aaac0f2383a14fd53d587e5cef624f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1467-7687.2010.01005.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1467-7687.2010.01005.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,1418,27929,27930,45579,45580</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ929687$$DView record in ERIC$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21477196$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mackey, Allyson P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hill, Susanna S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stone, Susan I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bunge, Silvia A.</creatorcontrib><title>Differential effects of reasoning and speed training in children</title><title>Developmental science</title><addtitle>Dev Sci</addtitle><description>The goal of this study was to determine whether intensive training can ameliorate cognitive skills in children. Children aged 7 to 9 from low socioeconomic backgrounds participated in one of two cognitive training programs for 60 minutes/day and 2 days/week, for a total of 8 weeks. Both training programs consisted of commercially available computerized and non‐computerized games. Reasoning training emphasized planning and relational integration; speed training emphasized rapid visual detection and rapid motor responses. Standard assessments of reasoning ability – the Test of Non‐Verbal Intelligence (TONI‐3) and cognitive speed (Coding B from WISC IV) – were administered to all children before and after training. Neither group was exposed to these standardized tests during training. Children in the reasoning group improved substantially on TONI (Cohen’s d = 1.51), exhibiting an average increase of 10 points in Performance IQ, but did not improve on Coding. By contrast, children in the speed group improved substantially on Coding (d = 1.15), but did not improve on TONI. Counter to widespread belief, these results indicate that both fluid reasoning and processing speed are modifiable by training.</description><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child Development</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Cognition & reasoning</subject><subject>Cognition - physiology</subject><subject>Cognitive Processes</subject><subject>Computer Uses in Education</subject><subject>Education</subject><subject>Executive Function - physiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Games</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Information processing</subject><subject>Intelligence</subject><subject>Intelligence Quotient</subject><subject>Intelligence Tests</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mental Processes - physiology</subject><subject>Motor Skills</subject><subject>Problem Solving</subject><subject>Standardized Tests</subject><subject>Test of Nonverbal Intelligence</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Training</subject><subject>Video Games</subject><issn>1363-755X</issn><issn>1467-7687</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkEtv1DAUhS3Uij7gHyAUsWGVqd92NlXRdCigqgUBojvLca6pp5lkamfE9N_jNGUWrGrJ8tU93z22D0IFwTOS18lyRrhUpZJazSjO3byxmG1foMOdsJdrJlmphLg5QEcpLTHGnGHyEh1QwpUilTxEZ-fBe4jQDcG2BeTaDanofRHBpr4L3e_Cdk2R1gBNMUQbHluhK9xtaJs89wrte9smeP10HqOfHxc_5p_Ky-uLz_MPl6XjQoiSEe001rTmldTEY8q5FI3ElNBa17VUxFrrsKdMM0u4bwRrhFYgHHhJuWfH6P3ku479_QbSYFYhOWhb20G_SUZLIioqdZXJd_-Ry34Tu_y4DOEKa4JZhvQEudinFMGbdQwrGx8MwWbM2CzNGKUZozRjxuYxY7PNo2-f_Df1Cprd4L9QM_BmAiAGt5MXXyqa_66yfDrJf0ILD8--15wvvs_HMhuUk0FIA2x3BjbeGamYEubX1YVRen7zjX2VRrC_xFyg1w</recordid><startdate>201105</startdate><enddate>201105</enddate><creator>Mackey, Allyson P.</creator><creator>Hill, Susanna S.</creator><creator>Stone, Susan I.</creator><creator>Bunge, Silvia A.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Wiley-Blackwell</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>7SW</scope><scope>BJH</scope><scope>BNH</scope><scope>BNI</scope><scope>BNJ</scope><scope>BNO</scope><scope>ERI</scope><scope>PET</scope><scope>REK</scope><scope>WWN</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201105</creationdate><title>Differential effects of reasoning and speed training in children</title><author>Mackey, Allyson P. ; Hill, Susanna S. ; Stone, Susan I. ; Bunge, Silvia A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4555-318c8082b49681f024465d60212b8bb671aaac0f2383a14fd53d587e5cef624f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child Development</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Cognition & reasoning</topic><topic>Cognition - physiology</topic><topic>Cognitive Processes</topic><topic>Computer Uses in Education</topic><topic>Education</topic><topic>Executive Function - physiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Games</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Information processing</topic><topic>Intelligence</topic><topic>Intelligence Quotient</topic><topic>Intelligence Tests</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mental Processes - physiology</topic><topic>Motor Skills</topic><topic>Problem Solving</topic><topic>Standardized Tests</topic><topic>Test of Nonverbal Intelligence</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Training</topic><topic>Video Games</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mackey, Allyson P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hill, Susanna S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stone, Susan I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bunge, Silvia A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Ovid)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>ERIC( SilverPlatter )</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Developmental science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mackey, Allyson P.</au><au>Hill, Susanna S.</au><au>Stone, Susan I.</au><au>Bunge, Silvia A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ929687</ericid><atitle>Differential effects of reasoning and speed training in children</atitle><jtitle>Developmental science</jtitle><addtitle>Dev Sci</addtitle><date>2011-05</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>582</spage><epage>590</epage><pages>582-590</pages><issn>1363-755X</issn><eissn>1467-7687</eissn><abstract>The goal of this study was to determine whether intensive training can ameliorate cognitive skills in children. Children aged 7 to 9 from low socioeconomic backgrounds participated in one of two cognitive training programs for 60 minutes/day and 2 days/week, for a total of 8 weeks. Both training programs consisted of commercially available computerized and non‐computerized games. Reasoning training emphasized planning and relational integration; speed training emphasized rapid visual detection and rapid motor responses. Standard assessments of reasoning ability – the Test of Non‐Verbal Intelligence (TONI‐3) and cognitive speed (Coding B from WISC IV) – were administered to all children before and after training. Neither group was exposed to these standardized tests during training. Children in the reasoning group improved substantially on TONI (Cohen’s d = 1.51), exhibiting an average increase of 10 points in Performance IQ, but did not improve on Coding. By contrast, children in the speed group improved substantially on Coding (d = 1.15), but did not improve on TONI. Counter to widespread belief, these results indicate that both fluid reasoning and processing speed are modifiable by training.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>21477196</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.01005.x</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 1363-755X |
ispartof | Developmental science, 2011-05, Vol.14 (3), p.582-590 |
issn | 1363-755X 1467-7687 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_861592689 |
source | MEDLINE; Access via Wiley Online Library |
subjects | Child Child Development Children Cognition & reasoning Cognition - physiology Cognitive Processes Computer Uses in Education Education Executive Function - physiology Female Games Humans Information processing Intelligence Intelligence Quotient Intelligence Tests Male Mental Processes - physiology Motor Skills Problem Solving Standardized Tests Test of Nonverbal Intelligence Time Factors Training Video Games |
title | Differential effects of reasoning and speed training in children |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-14T22%3A17%3A48IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Differential%20effects%20of%20reasoning%20and%20speed%20training%20in%20children&rft.jtitle=Developmental%20science&rft.au=Mackey,%20Allyson%20P.&rft.date=2011-05&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=582&rft.epage=590&rft.pages=582-590&rft.issn=1363-755X&rft.eissn=1467-7687&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.01005.x&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E861592689%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=860908103&rft_id=info:pmid/21477196&rft_ericid=EJ929687&rfr_iscdi=true |