Effect of intermittent exposures of SO2 on the leaf blight caused by Alternaria brassicicola on Indian mustard

▶ The mustard germplasm has been found susceptible to Alternaria brassicicola and SO2 at concentrations relevant to ambient environment. ▶ The mustard cv. Kalamoti demonstrated tolerance against the A. brassicicola and did not exhibit blight and significant reduction in plant growth and yield. ▶ Due...

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description ▶ The mustard germplasm has been found susceptible to Alternaria brassicicola and SO2 at concentrations relevant to ambient environment. ▶ The mustard cv. Kalamoti demonstrated tolerance against the A. brassicicola and did not exhibit blight and significant reduction in plant growth and yield. ▶ Due to exposure to 143μgSO2m−3 the cv. Kalamoti became susceptible to the fungus. ▶ In general, 71.5 and 143μgSO2m−3 promoted the pathogenesis of the fungus whereas as 214.5μgSO2m−3 suppressed the blight. Effects of low levels of SO2 were investigated on the Alternaria blight on Indian mustard cultivars under artificial treatment condition. Ten cultivars of Indian mustard, Brassica juncea L. viz., Alankar, BS-2, Kalamoti, Karishma, Kranti, Mahyco Bold, Pusa Bold, Rohini, Swarna and T-59 were exposed to 5.7 (ambient), 71.5, 143 and 214.5μgSO2m−3 concentration for 5hday−1 on alternate days for 3 months in open top exposure chambers to evaluate resistance/tolerance against the gas. SO2 at 71.5 and 143μgm−3 concentrations did not incite any measurable injury to mustard cultivars. However, 143μgSO2m−3 caused visible injuries to all cultivars screened and led to a significant reduction in plant length, yield, and oil contents (P≤0.05). Effects of intermittent exposures of SO2 on leaf blight caused by A. brassicicola on the mustard cultivars were also studied. The fungus inoculated plants developed dark brown to almost black necrotic circular lesions, and severity of the blight increased on plants exposed to 143μgSO2m−3, but decreased at 214.5μgSO2m−3. The interaction between the gas and the fungus was found to be dependent of SO2 concentration. The gas at 71.5 and 143μgSO2m−3 promoted pathogenesis of A. brassicicola with result the cv. Kalamoti, expressing tolerance to the fungus, becoming susceptible and exhibiting greater blight and plant growth reductions at 143μgSO2m−3; the gas injury was also relatively greater in this treatment. The gas promoted sporulation of the fungus. Interaction of 214.5μgSO2m−3 concentration and A. brassicicola was found to be antagonistic. The cv. Kalamoti showed resistance to A. brassicicola and did not exhibit significant suppression in the yield. The exposures especially 143μgm−3 apparently broke the tolerance reaction of the cv. Kalamoti and greater lesions (32%) developed on the leaves of inoculated plants, fungus inoculation, however, did not influence the sensitivity of the cultivars to SO2. Synergistic interaction between 143μgSO2m−3
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Kalamoti demonstrated tolerance against the A. brassicicola and did not exhibit blight and significant reduction in plant growth and yield. ▶ Due to exposure to 143μgSO2m−3 the cv. Kalamoti became susceptible to the fungus. ▶ In general, 71.5 and 143μgSO2m−3 promoted the pathogenesis of the fungus whereas as 214.5μgSO2m−3 suppressed the blight. Effects of low levels of SO2 were investigated on the Alternaria blight on Indian mustard cultivars under artificial treatment condition. Ten cultivars of Indian mustard, Brassica juncea L. viz., Alankar, BS-2, Kalamoti, Karishma, Kranti, Mahyco Bold, Pusa Bold, Rohini, Swarna and T-59 were exposed to 5.7 (ambient), 71.5, 143 and 214.5μgSO2m−3 concentration for 5hday−1 on alternate days for 3 months in open top exposure chambers to evaluate resistance/tolerance against the gas. SO2 at 71.5 and 143μgm−3 concentrations did not incite any measurable injury to mustard cultivars. However, 143μgSO2m−3 caused visible injuries to all cultivars screened and led to a significant reduction in plant length, yield, and oil contents (P≤0.05). Effects of intermittent exposures of SO2 on leaf blight caused by A. brassicicola on the mustard cultivars were also studied. The fungus inoculated plants developed dark brown to almost black necrotic circular lesions, and severity of the blight increased on plants exposed to 143μgSO2m−3, but decreased at 214.5μgSO2m−3. The interaction between the gas and the fungus was found to be dependent of SO2 concentration. The gas at 71.5 and 143μgSO2m−3 promoted pathogenesis of A. brassicicola with result the cv. Kalamoti, expressing tolerance to the fungus, becoming susceptible and exhibiting greater blight and plant growth reductions at 143μgSO2m−3; the gas injury was also relatively greater in this treatment. The gas promoted sporulation of the fungus. Interaction of 214.5μgSO2m−3 concentration and A. brassicicola was found to be antagonistic. The cv. Kalamoti showed resistance to A. brassicicola and did not exhibit significant suppression in the yield. The exposures especially 143μgm−3 apparently broke the tolerance reaction of the cv. Kalamoti and greater lesions (32%) developed on the leaves of inoculated plants, fungus inoculation, however, did not influence the sensitivity of the cultivars to SO2. Synergistic interaction between 143μgSO2m−3 and the fungus was recorded on six cultivars out of ten cultivars tested, whereas the interaction at 214.5μgSO2m−3 was antagonistic on two cultivars (Alankar and Mahyco Bold) and on rest near to additive. At 214.5μgSO2m−3, the sporulation was suppressed but increased at 143μgSO2m−3. The study has shown that lower concentration of SO2 (143μgSO2m−3) stimulated the Alternaria blight but the higher concentration (214.5μgSO2m−3) suppressed the disease.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0167-8809</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2305</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2010.11.002</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AEENDO</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions ; Alternaria ; Alternaria brassicicola ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blight ; Brasses ; Brassica juncea ; cultivars ; disease resistance ; disease severity ; Exposure ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; fungal diseases of plants ; Fungal plant pathogens ; Fungi ; General agroecology ; General agroecology. Agricultural and farming systems. Agricultural development. Rural area planning. Landscaping ; General agronomy. Plant production ; Generalities. Agricultural and farming systems. Agricultural development ; Generalities. Genetics. Plant material ; Genetic resources, diversity ; Genetics and breeding of economic plants ; Indian mustard germplasm ; leaf blight ; Mustard ; Natural gas ; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection ; plant damage ; Plant material ; Reduction ; signs and symptoms (plants) ; sulfur dioxide ; Sulphur dioxide ; Tolerances</subject><ispartof>Agriculture, ecosystems &amp; environment, 2010-12, Vol.139 (4), p.728-735</ispartof><rights>2010 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-2295a9bcdcb85d04f86f21e962d7901b0373df8e6d0fe1e8e2c98aceae77dff3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-2295a9bcdcb85d04f86f21e962d7901b0373df8e6d0fe1e8e2c98aceae77dff3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.11.002$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=23860676$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Khan, Mujeebur Rahman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khan, Mohd Mahmud</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of intermittent exposures of SO2 on the leaf blight caused by Alternaria brassicicola on Indian mustard</title><title>Agriculture, ecosystems &amp; environment</title><description>▶ The mustard germplasm has been found susceptible to Alternaria brassicicola and SO2 at concentrations relevant to ambient environment. ▶ The mustard cv. Kalamoti demonstrated tolerance against the A. brassicicola and did not exhibit blight and significant reduction in plant growth and yield. ▶ Due to exposure to 143μgSO2m−3 the cv. Kalamoti became susceptible to the fungus. ▶ In general, 71.5 and 143μgSO2m−3 promoted the pathogenesis of the fungus whereas as 214.5μgSO2m−3 suppressed the blight. Effects of low levels of SO2 were investigated on the Alternaria blight on Indian mustard cultivars under artificial treatment condition. Ten cultivars of Indian mustard, Brassica juncea L. viz., Alankar, BS-2, Kalamoti, Karishma, Kranti, Mahyco Bold, Pusa Bold, Rohini, Swarna and T-59 were exposed to 5.7 (ambient), 71.5, 143 and 214.5μgSO2m−3 concentration for 5hday−1 on alternate days for 3 months in open top exposure chambers to evaluate resistance/tolerance against the gas. SO2 at 71.5 and 143μgm−3 concentrations did not incite any measurable injury to mustard cultivars. However, 143μgSO2m−3 caused visible injuries to all cultivars screened and led to a significant reduction in plant length, yield, and oil contents (P≤0.05). Effects of intermittent exposures of SO2 on leaf blight caused by A. brassicicola on the mustard cultivars were also studied. The fungus inoculated plants developed dark brown to almost black necrotic circular lesions, and severity of the blight increased on plants exposed to 143μgSO2m−3, but decreased at 214.5μgSO2m−3. The interaction between the gas and the fungus was found to be dependent of SO2 concentration. The gas at 71.5 and 143μgSO2m−3 promoted pathogenesis of A. brassicicola with result the cv. Kalamoti, expressing tolerance to the fungus, becoming susceptible and exhibiting greater blight and plant growth reductions at 143μgSO2m−3; the gas injury was also relatively greater in this treatment. The gas promoted sporulation of the fungus. Interaction of 214.5μgSO2m−3 concentration and A. brassicicola was found to be antagonistic. The cv. Kalamoti showed resistance to A. brassicicola and did not exhibit significant suppression in the yield. The exposures especially 143μgm−3 apparently broke the tolerance reaction of the cv. Kalamoti and greater lesions (32%) developed on the leaves of inoculated plants, fungus inoculation, however, did not influence the sensitivity of the cultivars to SO2. Synergistic interaction between 143μgSO2m−3 and the fungus was recorded on six cultivars out of ten cultivars tested, whereas the interaction at 214.5μgSO2m−3 was antagonistic on two cultivars (Alankar and Mahyco Bold) and on rest near to additive. At 214.5μgSO2m−3, the sporulation was suppressed but increased at 143μgSO2m−3. The study has shown that lower concentration of SO2 (143μgSO2m−3) stimulated the Alternaria blight but the higher concentration (214.5μgSO2m−3) suppressed the disease.</description><subject>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</subject><subject>Alternaria</subject><subject>Alternaria brassicicola</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blight</subject><subject>Brasses</subject><subject>Brassica juncea</subject><subject>cultivars</subject><subject>disease resistance</subject><subject>disease severity</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>fungal diseases of plants</subject><subject>Fungal plant pathogens</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>General agroecology</subject><subject>General agroecology. Agricultural and farming systems. Agricultural development. Rural area planning. Landscaping</subject><subject>General agronomy. Plant production</subject><subject>Generalities. Agricultural and farming systems. Agricultural development</subject><subject>Generalities. Genetics. Plant material</subject><subject>Genetic resources, diversity</subject><subject>Genetics and breeding of economic plants</subject><subject>Indian mustard germplasm</subject><subject>leaf blight</subject><subject>Mustard</subject><subject>Natural gas</subject><subject>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</subject><subject>plant damage</subject><subject>Plant material</subject><subject>Reduction</subject><subject>signs and symptoms (plants)</subject><subject>sulfur dioxide</subject><subject>Sulphur dioxide</subject><subject>Tolerances</subject><issn>0167-8809</issn><issn>1873-2305</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kUFrHCEYhiW0kO22fyCXeCntZbbqzI4O9BJCmgYCOSQ9yzf6mbjMOlt1QvPvq2zIMV4Efd6Hj-8l5IyzDWe8_7HbwCPiRrD6wDeMiROy4kq2jWjZ9gNZFUg2SrHhlHxKacfKEa1akXDlHJpMZ0d9yBj3PmcMmeK_w5yWiKn-3N8JOgean5BOCI6Ok398ytTAktDS8YVeTCUaIHqgY4SUvPFmnqCGboL1EOh-SRmi_Uw-OpgSfnm91-Th19XD5e_m9u765vLitjEdH3IjxLCFYTTWjGprWedU7wTHoRdWDoyPrJWtdQp7yxxyVCjMoMAgoJTWuXZNvh21hzj_XTBlvffJ4DRBwHlJWvV823Zt1xfy-7skl1Jy0TFWUXFETZxTiuj0Ifo9xBfNma4t6J2uLejaguZc1xWvyddXPyQDk4sQjE9vydJBz3pZ5edHzsFcLLEwf-6LqGV8ED0TvBA_jwSWvT17jDoZj8Gg9bE0qO3s3xvkP9UHp3M</recordid><startdate>20101215</startdate><enddate>20101215</enddate><creator>Khan, Mujeebur Rahman</creator><creator>Khan, Mohd Mahmud</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Amsterdam; New York: Elsevier</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SU</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20101215</creationdate><title>Effect of intermittent exposures of SO2 on the leaf blight caused by Alternaria brassicicola on Indian mustard</title><author>Khan, Mujeebur Rahman ; Khan, Mohd Mahmud</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-2295a9bcdcb85d04f86f21e962d7901b0373df8e6d0fe1e8e2c98aceae77dff3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</topic><topic>Alternaria</topic><topic>Alternaria brassicicola</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blight</topic><topic>Brasses</topic><topic>Brassica juncea</topic><topic>cultivars</topic><topic>disease resistance</topic><topic>disease severity</topic><topic>Exposure</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>fungal diseases of plants</topic><topic>Fungal plant pathogens</topic><topic>Fungi</topic><topic>General agroecology</topic><topic>General agroecology. Agricultural and farming systems. Agricultural development. Rural area planning. Landscaping</topic><topic>General agronomy. Plant production</topic><topic>Generalities. Agricultural and farming systems. Agricultural development</topic><topic>Generalities. Genetics. Plant material</topic><topic>Genetic resources, diversity</topic><topic>Genetics and breeding of economic plants</topic><topic>Indian mustard germplasm</topic><topic>leaf blight</topic><topic>Mustard</topic><topic>Natural gas</topic><topic>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</topic><topic>plant damage</topic><topic>Plant material</topic><topic>Reduction</topic><topic>signs and symptoms (plants)</topic><topic>sulfur dioxide</topic><topic>Sulphur dioxide</topic><topic>Tolerances</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Khan, Mujeebur Rahman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khan, Mohd Mahmud</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environmental Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Agriculture, ecosystems &amp; environment</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Khan, Mujeebur Rahman</au><au>Khan, Mohd Mahmud</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of intermittent exposures of SO2 on the leaf blight caused by Alternaria brassicicola on Indian mustard</atitle><jtitle>Agriculture, ecosystems &amp; environment</jtitle><date>2010-12-15</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>139</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>728</spage><epage>735</epage><pages>728-735</pages><issn>0167-8809</issn><eissn>1873-2305</eissn><coden>AEENDO</coden><abstract>▶ The mustard germplasm has been found susceptible to Alternaria brassicicola and SO2 at concentrations relevant to ambient environment. ▶ The mustard cv. Kalamoti demonstrated tolerance against the A. brassicicola and did not exhibit blight and significant reduction in plant growth and yield. ▶ Due to exposure to 143μgSO2m−3 the cv. Kalamoti became susceptible to the fungus. ▶ In general, 71.5 and 143μgSO2m−3 promoted the pathogenesis of the fungus whereas as 214.5μgSO2m−3 suppressed the blight. Effects of low levels of SO2 were investigated on the Alternaria blight on Indian mustard cultivars under artificial treatment condition. Ten cultivars of Indian mustard, Brassica juncea L. viz., Alankar, BS-2, Kalamoti, Karishma, Kranti, Mahyco Bold, Pusa Bold, Rohini, Swarna and T-59 were exposed to 5.7 (ambient), 71.5, 143 and 214.5μgSO2m−3 concentration for 5hday−1 on alternate days for 3 months in open top exposure chambers to evaluate resistance/tolerance against the gas. SO2 at 71.5 and 143μgm−3 concentrations did not incite any measurable injury to mustard cultivars. However, 143μgSO2m−3 caused visible injuries to all cultivars screened and led to a significant reduction in plant length, yield, and oil contents (P≤0.05). Effects of intermittent exposures of SO2 on leaf blight caused by A. brassicicola on the mustard cultivars were also studied. The fungus inoculated plants developed dark brown to almost black necrotic circular lesions, and severity of the blight increased on plants exposed to 143μgSO2m−3, but decreased at 214.5μgSO2m−3. The interaction between the gas and the fungus was found to be dependent of SO2 concentration. The gas at 71.5 and 143μgSO2m−3 promoted pathogenesis of A. brassicicola with result the cv. Kalamoti, expressing tolerance to the fungus, becoming susceptible and exhibiting greater blight and plant growth reductions at 143μgSO2m−3; the gas injury was also relatively greater in this treatment. The gas promoted sporulation of the fungus. Interaction of 214.5μgSO2m−3 concentration and A. brassicicola was found to be antagonistic. The cv. Kalamoti showed resistance to A. brassicicola and did not exhibit significant suppression in the yield. The exposures especially 143μgm−3 apparently broke the tolerance reaction of the cv. Kalamoti and greater lesions (32%) developed on the leaves of inoculated plants, fungus inoculation, however, did not influence the sensitivity of the cultivars to SO2. Synergistic interaction between 143μgSO2m−3 and the fungus was recorded on six cultivars out of ten cultivars tested, whereas the interaction at 214.5μgSO2m−3 was antagonistic on two cultivars (Alankar and Mahyco Bold) and on rest near to additive. At 214.5μgSO2m−3, the sporulation was suppressed but increased at 143μgSO2m−3. The study has shown that lower concentration of SO2 (143μgSO2m−3) stimulated the Alternaria blight but the higher concentration (214.5μgSO2m−3) suppressed the disease.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.agee.2010.11.002</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Alternaria
Alternaria brassicicola
Biological and medical sciences
Blight
Brasses
Brassica juncea
cultivars
disease resistance
disease severity
Exposure
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
fungal diseases of plants
Fungal plant pathogens
Fungi
General agroecology
General agroecology. Agricultural and farming systems. Agricultural development. Rural area planning. Landscaping
General agronomy. Plant production
Generalities. Agricultural and farming systems. Agricultural development
Generalities. Genetics. Plant material
Genetic resources, diversity
Genetics and breeding of economic plants
Indian mustard germplasm
leaf blight
Mustard
Natural gas
Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection
plant damage
Plant material
Reduction
signs and symptoms (plants)
sulfur dioxide
Sulphur dioxide
Tolerances
title Effect of intermittent exposures of SO2 on the leaf blight caused by Alternaria brassicicola on Indian mustard
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