The Effect of Prior Task Loading on Mental Workload: An Example of Hysteresis in Driving
Objective: This study examined how transitions in task demand during a driving and navigation task manifested themselves as delayed adaptation in driver mental workload. Background: A delayed reaction to changes in demand levels, termed hysteresis, has been identified in a number of settings. Howeve...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Human factors 2011-02, Vol.53 (1), p.75-86 |
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| creator | Morgan, Justin F. Hancock, Peter A. |
| description | Objective: This study examined how transitions in task demand during a driving and navigation task manifested themselves as delayed adaptation in driver mental workload.
Background: A delayed reaction to changes in demand levels, termed hysteresis, has been identified in a number of settings. However, little research has specifically examined the driving task for hysteresis effects.
Method: A total of 32 drivers completed drives while using a navigation system that would fail within the drive. Subjective mental workload was recorded prior to and following system failure as well as at the conclusion of the drive.
Results: Results indicated that a gradual reduction in overall mental workload across trials and a lagged recovery to reduction in task demand was present within trials. Analysis of the mental workload subscales within trials indicated that this effect was produced by the mental effort component of workload.
Conclusion: A moderate hysteresis effect is present in mental workload transitions within the driving task. Although subjective mental workload decreases across trials, the magnitude of the lagged recovery within trials remains unchanged.
Application: Scaling of in-vehicle information is beneficial with respect to driver mental workload. Display and communication technologies designers should consider not only the immediate task demand but also the driver’s task demand history when determining what and how to provide information. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/0018720810393505 |
| format | Article |
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Background: A delayed reaction to changes in demand levels, termed hysteresis, has been identified in a number of settings. However, little research has specifically examined the driving task for hysteresis effects.
Method: A total of 32 drivers completed drives while using a navigation system that would fail within the drive. Subjective mental workload was recorded prior to and following system failure as well as at the conclusion of the drive.
Results: Results indicated that a gradual reduction in overall mental workload across trials and a lagged recovery to reduction in task demand was present within trials. Analysis of the mental workload subscales within trials indicated that this effect was produced by the mental effort component of workload.
Conclusion: A moderate hysteresis effect is present in mental workload transitions within the driving task. Although subjective mental workload decreases across trials, the magnitude of the lagged recovery within trials remains unchanged.
Application: Scaling of in-vehicle information is beneficial with respect to driver mental workload. Display and communication technologies designers should consider not only the immediate task demand but also the driver’s task demand history when determining what and how to provide information.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0018-7208</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1547-8181</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/0018720810393505</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21469535</identifier><identifier>CODEN: HUFAA6</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Adaptation ; Adult ; Applied psychology ; Automobile Driving ; Biological and medical sciences ; Computer Simulation ; Demand ; Demand analysis ; Drivers ; Driving ; Effects ; Ergonomics ; Failure ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Humans ; Hysteresis ; In vehicle ; Information ; Male ; Marketing ; Mental Processes ; Navigation ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychophysiology ; Psychomotor Performance ; Reaction Time ; Recovery ; Reduction ; Scaling ; Space life sciences ; Studies ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Tasks ; Transportation. City planning ; United States ; Visual task performance ; Workload ; Workloads ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Human factors, 2011-02, Vol.53 (1), p.75-86</ispartof><rights>2011, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Feb 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c435t-4480e9009a17c7000bea59517afdc0104f299d012a83f3eb5f2944dcba435c673</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0018720810393505$$EPDF$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0018720810393505$$EHTML$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,21819,27924,27925,43621,43622</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=23969277$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21469535$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Morgan, Justin F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hancock, Peter A.</creatorcontrib><title>The Effect of Prior Task Loading on Mental Workload: An Example of Hysteresis in Driving</title><title>Human factors</title><addtitle>Hum Factors</addtitle><description>Objective: This study examined how transitions in task demand during a driving and navigation task manifested themselves as delayed adaptation in driver mental workload.
Background: A delayed reaction to changes in demand levels, termed hysteresis, has been identified in a number of settings. However, little research has specifically examined the driving task for hysteresis effects.
Method: A total of 32 drivers completed drives while using a navigation system that would fail within the drive. Subjective mental workload was recorded prior to and following system failure as well as at the conclusion of the drive.
Results: Results indicated that a gradual reduction in overall mental workload across trials and a lagged recovery to reduction in task demand was present within trials. Analysis of the mental workload subscales within trials indicated that this effect was produced by the mental effort component of workload.
Conclusion: A moderate hysteresis effect is present in mental workload transitions within the driving task. Although subjective mental workload decreases across trials, the magnitude of the lagged recovery within trials remains unchanged.
Application: Scaling of in-vehicle information is beneficial with respect to driver mental workload. Display and communication technologies designers should consider not only the immediate task demand but also the driver’s task demand history when determining what and how to provide information.</description><subject>Adaptation</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Applied psychology</subject><subject>Automobile Driving</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Computer Simulation</subject><subject>Demand</subject><subject>Demand analysis</subject><subject>Drivers</subject><subject>Driving</subject><subject>Effects</subject><subject>Ergonomics</subject><subject>Failure</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hysteresis</subject><subject>In vehicle</subject><subject>Information</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Marketing</subject><subject>Mental Processes</subject><subject>Navigation</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychophysiology</subject><subject>Psychomotor Performance</subject><subject>Reaction Time</subject><subject>Recovery</subject><subject>Reduction</subject><subject>Scaling</subject><subject>Space life sciences</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Task Performance and Analysis</subject><subject>Tasks</subject><subject>Transportation. City planning</subject><subject>United States</subject><subject>Visual task performance</subject><subject>Workload</subject><subject>Workloads</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0018-7208</issn><issn>1547-8181</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUlPwzAQhS0EgrLcOaEIhOASmPESx0eEyiIVwaGIY-Q6NgTSGOz2wL_HUcsiJDhZ9nzvzYwfIbsIJ4hSngJgKSmUCEwxAWKFDFBwmZdY4ioZ9OW8r2-QzRifAaBI2DrZoMgLJZgYEDZ-stnQOWtmmXfZXWh8yMY6vmQjr-ume8x8l93Ybqbb7MGHlza9bpM1p9tod5bnFrm_GI7Pr_LR7eX1-dkoN5yJWc55CVYBKI3SyNR8YrVQAqV2tQEE7qhSNSDVJXPMTkS6c16biU5yU0i2RY4Wvq_Bv81tnFXTJhrbtrqzfh6rskAKnKmePP6XxEIiU8CRJnT_F_rs56FLeyQ_TikVDBJ08BeECtN_s1L0VrCgTPAxBuuq19BMdXivEKo-n-p3PkmytzSeT6a2_hJ8BpKAwyWgo9GtC7ozTfzmmCoUlf3G-YKL-tH-mO6vxh-wn57Y</recordid><startdate>20110201</startdate><enddate>20110201</enddate><creator>Morgan, Justin F.</creator><creator>Hancock, Peter A.</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><general>Human Factors and Ergonomics Society</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110201</creationdate><title>The Effect of Prior Task Loading on Mental Workload</title><author>Morgan, Justin F. ; Hancock, Peter A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c435t-4480e9009a17c7000bea59517afdc0104f299d012a83f3eb5f2944dcba435c673</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Adaptation</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Applied psychology</topic><topic>Automobile Driving</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Computer Simulation</topic><topic>Demand</topic><topic>Demand analysis</topic><topic>Drivers</topic><topic>Driving</topic><topic>Effects</topic><topic>Ergonomics</topic><topic>Failure</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hysteresis</topic><topic>In vehicle</topic><topic>Information</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Marketing</topic><topic>Mental Processes</topic><topic>Navigation</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychophysiology</topic><topic>Psychomotor Performance</topic><topic>Reaction Time</topic><topic>Recovery</topic><topic>Reduction</topic><topic>Scaling</topic><topic>Space life sciences</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Task Performance and Analysis</topic><topic>Tasks</topic><topic>Transportation. City planning</topic><topic>United States</topic><topic>Visual task performance</topic><topic>Workload</topic><topic>Workloads</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Morgan, Justin F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hancock, Peter A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Human factors</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Morgan, Justin F.</au><au>Hancock, Peter A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Effect of Prior Task Loading on Mental Workload: An Example of Hysteresis in Driving</atitle><jtitle>Human factors</jtitle><addtitle>Hum Factors</addtitle><date>2011-02-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>53</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>75</spage><epage>86</epage><pages>75-86</pages><issn>0018-7208</issn><eissn>1547-8181</eissn><coden>HUFAA6</coden><abstract>Objective: This study examined how transitions in task demand during a driving and navigation task manifested themselves as delayed adaptation in driver mental workload.
Background: A delayed reaction to changes in demand levels, termed hysteresis, has been identified in a number of settings. However, little research has specifically examined the driving task for hysteresis effects.
Method: A total of 32 drivers completed drives while using a navigation system that would fail within the drive. Subjective mental workload was recorded prior to and following system failure as well as at the conclusion of the drive.
Results: Results indicated that a gradual reduction in overall mental workload across trials and a lagged recovery to reduction in task demand was present within trials. Analysis of the mental workload subscales within trials indicated that this effect was produced by the mental effort component of workload.
Conclusion: A moderate hysteresis effect is present in mental workload transitions within the driving task. Although subjective mental workload decreases across trials, the magnitude of the lagged recovery within trials remains unchanged.
Application: Scaling of in-vehicle information is beneficial with respect to driver mental workload. Display and communication technologies designers should consider not only the immediate task demand but also the driver’s task demand history when determining what and how to provide information.</abstract><cop>Los Angeles, CA</cop><pub>SAGE Publications</pub><pmid>21469535</pmid><doi>10.1177/0018720810393505</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adaptation Adult Applied psychology Automobile Driving Biological and medical sciences Computer Simulation Demand Demand analysis Drivers Driving Effects Ergonomics Failure Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Hysteresis In vehicle Information Male Marketing Mental Processes Navigation Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Psychomotor Performance Reaction Time Recovery Reduction Scaling Space life sciences Studies Task Performance and Analysis Tasks Transportation. City planning United States Visual task performance Workload Workloads Young Adult |
| title | The Effect of Prior Task Loading on Mental Workload: An Example of Hysteresis in Driving |
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